The document summarizes the history and evolution of the Hollywood film industry. It discusses how:
1) In the Golden Age of Hollywood, major studios owned all aspects of film production and distribution, but this monopoly system broke down as stars, writers, and directors fought for independence.
2) Television emerged as competition in the 1950s, forcing movies to differentiate themselves by featuring bolder content and themes. Studios also sold films to television and realized home video's potential.
3) Modern blockbuster films rely heavily on franchises, sequels, remakes and merchandise to drive massive profits globally, with production and marketing budgets often over $100 million.
New york times confrence on where advertising meets editorialJayant Murty
This presentation at the New York Times conference in 2010 was meant to provoke and question what commonly gets applauded as creative work when it is often a shameless promotion of brands by media owners,Often the economic model benefits the advertiser, the media owner and the consumer and therefore continue to thrive. The pockets of resistance which is growing rapidly has given rise to the " Indie" movement across disciplines to challenge the total blatant commercialization
Part 4 of 4
This presentation was designed for a high school film production class - it provides a visual accompaniment to a lecture on Film History. This module covers the period from the introduction of color through the end of the studio system and the impact of television.
In 2020 as a result of the Coronavirus Pandemic, I recorded a video of this presentation. Here is the link: https://youtu.be/WM8AJTdKRpE Please feel free to use it in your classrooms.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
3. A SHORT HISTORY OF FILM
•In the “Golden Age of Hollywood”,
Movie Studios owned stables of
stars, writers, and producers to
make the movies, and the theaters
to show them in – they churned the
movies out like a factory churns out
“product”. But this factory system
would soon fall apart…
4. A SHORT HISTORY OF FILM
•Studios lost control as stars, writers, and
producers fought for the right to be independent
and movie theaters became independent after
antitrust suits were brought against the major
studios because they held a monopoly over the
entire film industry.
•Now production companies are often assembled
for a particular film and then dissolved
afterwards. There are no stars or directors under
long-term contracts to be automatically used for
ongoing productions. Today, people are
especially selected for each film.
5. A SHORT HISTORY OF FILM
•When Television came along, Movies were
forced to compete and adapt:
•Tried to make movies “special” and
different than Television
•Made movies that featured content and
themes you couldn’t see on Television
•Sold old movies to Television
•Realized that Home Video was an
effective way to advertise their
theatrical releases
6. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
•Unlike other kinds of mass
media, Movies have proven
to be very powerful in terms
or physical reactions in
their audiences…talking
about “creating reality”,
right?!
7. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• THE HOBBIT used a new 48-
frames-per-second format
which had quite an effect of
some audiences. Traditionally,
films have been shot and
projected in 24 frames per
second. With The Hobbit films,
Peter Jackson moved to 48
frames per second, which
apparently looks more like the
digital video shot for ESPN and
daytime television than what
we're used to seeing in a feature
film.
8. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• The new format caused
some viewers to experience
vertigo and disorientation—
a phenomenon called
“movie hurl”. This tactic
was supposed to make the
3D feel smoother, but some
attendees at the world
premiere in New Zealand
said they just felt sick.
9. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• 127 HOURS is the true story
about a man who was
trapped after a fall and
survived by cutting his arm
off with a pair of pliers.
Paramedics were called to
the actual film premieres in
the United Kingdom and the
United States, and there's a
timeline online of all the
faintings and worse at
showings of the flick.
10. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• How many films can claim
that a viewer actually, if
allegedly, died as a result of
seeing it? AVATAR can. A
Taiwanese man started to
feel unwell during a
screening and was taken to
a hospital. Doctors claimed
that a man’s brain began
hemorrhaging as a result of
the excitement caused from
watching the film.
11. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• The New York Times
reported upon the
opening of William
Friedkin's THE EXORCIST, in
1973 people not only lined
up for several blocks but
also vomited (or fainted,
or just left the theater) en
masse at some of the
goings-on when little
Regan became possessed
by the devil.
12. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• In THE PASSION OF THE
CHRIST, the horrific scenes
of torture depicted in Mel
Gibson’s biblical epic
freaked out viewers
enough that at least two
people reportedly died
from heart attacks at
screenings: a Brazilian
pastor and a woman from
Kansas.
13. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• One of the most famous early
American films, THE GREAT
TRAIN ROBBERY, used a
variety of novel film
techniques that inspired
filmmakers. The most famous
shot, however, was the final
one, when the outlaw leader
"shoots" directly at the
camera. To many, the outlaw
was shooting directly at
them. Panic ensued, with
bouts of fainting and other
afflictions reported.
14. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• The birth scene in the
sparkly vampire flick
reportedly caused at least
nine people to begin
convulsing, according to
CBS, because of the
intense flashes of red and
white light projected on
screen.
15. MOVIES CREATING REALITY
• PSYCHO caused a huge
rash of ablutophobia, the
fear of bathing, or more
specifically, showering. In
fact, Janet Leigh, star of
that very famous shower
scene, feared exactly that
right up to her death.
16. Movies hold a very special place in
our culture…
•We talk of Hollywood as the “dream
factory,” the makers of “movie
magic.” We want our lives and
loves to be “just like in the
movies.” The movies are “larger
than life,” and movie stars are
typically perceived as being much
more glamorous than
television/other media stars.
17. STUDY FOCUS QUESTIONS
•Why do you think movies have
such an important place in
American culture? What makes
them so special and different
from other types of media?
•What’s one of your favorite
movies and why?
19. Licensed Merchandise tie-
in sales accounted for over
$280 billion in 2018
The “Harry Potter” films
alone, for example, have
generated an estimated $8.3
billion in licensed merchandise
revenue
Trends and Convergence in Moviemaking
21. HARRY POTTER FRANCHISE $ NUMBERS
$9.194 billion: The series of "Harry Potter" movies has
earned more than $9 billion in combined global box
office sales.
$8.318 billion: Merchandise sales (as discussed)
$7.743 billion: The total gross book sales of the "Harry
Potter" series nearly matches the box office total.
$3.966 billion: The franchise has generated almost $4
billion in home entertainment (DVD/Blu-Ray/Rentals)
$1.846 billion: Video game sales
$1 billion: TV revenue from cable and broadcast sales
$174 million: Broadway stage play
All in all, Harry Potter has a revenue of over $32 billion
– and that doesn’t even count the theme park…
22. Trends and Convergence in Moviemaking
As a result of this emphasis on profit
only, modern filmmaking is often
characterized by reduced risk taking and
more formulaic movies
•“CONCEPT” FILMS
•Movies that can be described in one
line and depend little on
characterization, plot development, and
dialogue - (most/all of the Top 25)
•EASILY SOLD ANYWHERE!
6-22
23. Trends and Convergence in Moviemaking
•The importance of foreign distribution
cannot be overstated; only 2 in 10
U.S. features make a profit on U.S. box
office. Much of their eventual profit
comes from overseas sales.
• Typically, overseas box office
accounts for 70% of a studio movie's
total ticket sales
6-23
24. THREE COMPONENT SYSTEM
• PRODUCTION
• Most major-release films are
now shot on digital (not film) –
which can make making a
movie cheaper OR more
expensive, depending on the
type of film you’re making
6-24
25. THREE COMPONENT SYSTEM
•DISTRIBUTION
•Ever-increasing number of
distribution points to consider
•Cost of advertising and promotion
can greatly increase the total cost
of a film
•Average cost of producing and
marketing a Hollywood feature is
over $110 million
6-25
26. RETURN ON INVESTMENT =
PROFITABLE FILM
• When it comes to box office
dollars, the recipe for a
successful movie is pretty
simple: small budget + massive
ticket sales = huge profit. If
done correctly, this means an
enormous return on investment
(ROI)
6-26
27. THE 5 MOST PROFITABLE FILMS OF
ALL TIME (DOMESTIC)
• 5. Napoleon Dynamite (2004) — Return on investment:
110/1
Domestic gross: $44.5M
• 4. The Gallows (2015) — Return on investment: 227/1
Domestic gross: $22.8M
• 3. Open Water (2004) — Return on investment: 254/1
Domestic gross: $30.6M
• 2. The Blair Witch Project (1999) — Return on investment:
2341/1
Domestic gross: $140.5M
6-27
29. 6-29
EXHIBITION
Netflix operates in 45 countries, bringing its
subscriber total to nearly 58 million with 39
million in the U.S. alone
Netflix produced 700 original movies/TV shows
in 2018 and its 2019 budget for content is $15
Billion
Streaming competition will only get fiercer as
Warner Brothers, Disney, and Apple are just a
few of those gearing up to launch their own
services into an already crowded field;
According to one recent survey, 47% of consumers
think there are too many streaming services already.
THREE COMPONENT SYSTEM
30. MOVIES & TECHNOLOGY
•Back in the day, filmmakers used matte
paintings, miniature models and trick
photography to achieve impossible
looking cinematic effects. Today,
Hollywood has nearly perfected the art
and application of computer-generated
imagery (CGI) in movies and TV shows.
6-30
31. MOVIES & TECHNOLOGY
• Movies are almost always striving to “create
reality” and using Computer Generated
Imagery (CGI) is a powerful tool in that
pursuit.
• We all know that when cities are destroyed,
superheroes fly, dinosaurs return, and outer
space is your backdrop…it’s not “real” – it’s
usually great CGI.
• But the truth is that CGI is being used all
the time in movies and is often “hidden” in
that it’s not in the obvious places…
• And – more and more – actors themselves
are being “enhanced” by CGI 6-31
32. MOVIES & TECHNOLOGY
PRACTICAL EFFECTS = “In-
Camera”
A practical effect is a special
effect produced physically while
filming, without computer-
generated imagery or other post
production techniques.
•GOOD EXAMPLES
•BAD EXAMPLES
6-32
33. MOVIES & TECHNOLOGY
CGI and Practical Effects
are yet more great
examples of how reality is
“produced, maintained,
repaired and/or
transformed” by mass
media communication
6-33