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Cognitive development revised - Copy.ppt
- 1. Cognitive Development Cognitive Development JeanPiaget Jean Piaget Poet Noah Perry once asked “ Who knows the thought of the child?” - Biologist - Genetic Epistemologist - Swiss Psychologist 1896 - 1980
- 2. According to him,what distinguishes human being from animal is……… Our ability to do abstract symbolic reasoning. His children Lucienne, Laurent and Jaqueline who serve as subject in studying cognitive development
- 3. Adaptation - The tendencyto adjust to the environment schema or schemata defined as specific cognitive structures with a behavioral pattern.
- 4. Assimilation refers to thetaking in of new information. Accommodation refers to the taking in of new information by restructuring the old schema. 2 Subprocesses of Adaptation
- 5. Assimilation Accommodation + = Adaptation abalance between the structure of the mind and the environment. Equilibrium Piaget’s term for what most of us would call learning.
- 6. Stages of CognitiveDevelopment Stages of Cognitive Development Sensorimotor Pre- operational Concrete operational Formal Operational (Birth – 2 years) (2 – 7 years old) (7-11 years old) (11 – adulthood)
- 7. Stages of CognitiveDevelopment Stages of Cognitive Development Sensorimotor stage Birth to 2 years old Object Permanence Refers to the recognition that the object continue to exist even though they are not directly sensed. Egocentrism Centers on self and not concerned with others opinion Senses What is immediately sense from the environment becomes knowledge
- 8. According to Piaget,this child is in the sensorimotor period and primarily explores the world with senses rather than through mental operations.
- 9. Preoperational Stage -2 years old to 7 years old Egocentric Realism The ability to accept the difference of the real world. Irreversibility Unable to reverse thinking Collective Monologue Talk to toys, with imaginary friends, tell wild stories
- 10. Concrete Operations -7 years old to 11 years old Law of Conservation refers to the idea that a quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance
- 12. Classification Reversibility Seriation Ability to reversethinking This is to group the objects based on their category The capacity to sequence objects according to their quantitative order Concrete Operational
- 13. Formal Operational -11- adulthood Perspective thought/ relativism Awareness of different point of view rather than single thought Metacognition Internal dialogue Ability to examine one’s own mental processes Self correction in solving problem
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- 15. Criticisms of Piaget’sTheory Criticisms of Piaget’s Theory Underestimating children’s capabilities. Overestimating adolescents capabilities. Cultural Differences.