This document is Neil Mathew's term paper on cloud computing and Google's advancement in the field, submitted in partial fulfillment of his B.Tech degree in computer science engineering. It discusses the history of cloud computing going back decades to concepts like grid computing and time-sharing. It describes the architecture of cloud computing, different types, classifications, and major cloud companies. It also covers Google's cloud services, apps, and App Engine platform. The paper analyzes perceived disadvantages of cloud computing and concludes with references.

1. TERM PAPER ON
CLOUD COMPUTING
AND GOOGLE’S ADVANCEMENT
IN THE FIELD
SUBMITTED BY:
NEIL MATHEW
A2324710002
Y-3305 - 3CS4
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR B.TECH. DEGREE.
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF:
DR. AMBRINA SARDAR KHAN, AIES
DATE: JULY 25TH 2011

2. CLOU
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3
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Tab
Ackno
Certif
Table
Table
Abstra
Introd
Histor
The
The
Archit
Types
Cla
Cla
Goog
Go
Go
Perce
Concl
Refer
Index
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le of Con
owledgement
icate.............
e of Contents
e of Figures...
act................
duction..........
ry of Cloud Co
e Past ..........
e Present .....
tecture of Clo
s of Cloud Co
assification ba
assification ba
le’s Cloud ....
ogle Apps....
ogle App Eng
eived Disadva
lusion...........
rences ..........
x....................
AND GOOGLE
ntents
t ....................
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omputing......
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oud Computin
omputing:......
ased on locati
ased upon se
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gine ..............
antages of Clo
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g...................
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ion of the clou
rvice provided
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oud Computin
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
10
11
13
13
14
16
17
20
21
22
23
24

5. CLOU
Tab
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figur
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
D COMPUTING
le of Figu
e 1 : Cloud Co
e 2 : Grid Com
e 3 : Time Sh
e 4 : Evolution
e 5 : Architect
e 6 : Cloud Ar
e 7 : Types of
re 8 : Cloud C
e 9 : Cloud Co
e 10 : Google
e 11 : Google
e 12 : Google
e 13 : Pros &
AND GOOGLE
ures
omputing......
mputing ........
are Computin
n of Hosting .
ture of Cloud
rchitecture....
f Cloud Comp
Classification.
ompanies.....
e Cloud Servic
e Apps...........
e AppEngine .
Cons ...........
E’S ADVANCEM
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ng .................
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puting............
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7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
20
21

6. CLOU
Abs
What
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Those
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stract
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te system acc
e data storag
hnology that
e applications
no more tha
a thin client fo
data and a
nating is the
. Google Doc
term paper c
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er of cloud co
AND GOOGLE
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cessed from
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is completely
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ability to sim
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ervices, and
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source for al
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just that.
loped over th
how Google
6
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7. CLOU
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t, cloud comp
putation and
mes of both, th
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peed of the In
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ugh everyone
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cy, data secu
vaporized as
AND GOOGLE
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unctions in d
acted or even
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urpass local d
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storage is d
hus the client
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represents a
t's not as eas
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RM have beco
rity, industry s
cloud service
E’S ADVANCEM
which could
connection, e
ability of the
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data processin
bout impleme
Figure 1
divided amon
t need not pur
ssing task is
ction.
new way, in
y as it sounds
cloud service
ome bona fid
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es.
ENT IN THE FIE
take weeks,
exchange of i
internet, deve
d now be do
at the same tim
capacity of on
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nting process
: Cloud Comput
ng the remot
rchase expen
returned to th
some cases
s.
es such as Am
e enterprise o
endor lock-in,
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a single ema
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elopers have
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me online. Da
nline connecti
s online instea
ting
te computers
nsive hardwar
he client over
a better and
mazon Web S
options, there
and high-pe
7
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looked beyo
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8. CLOU
Hist
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John
what
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devel
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Super
by co
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interc
with e
D COMPUTING
tory of Cl
d computing c
McCarthy sta
has happene
as ease of
ces has made
opments in co
Past
des ago, the s
rcomputers a
nnecting sev
e computing
rcomputer or
connected usi
each other an
AND GOOGLE
loud Com
can be traced
ated that com
ed today and c
access, vers
e it highly pre
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eral hundreds
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cloud comput
satile service
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nology.
nformation tec
es are not bo
s to thousand
ng themselv
work, it is not
technologies,
e bigger unit
Figure 2
ENT IN THE FIE
e 1960s when
come a publi
ting has made
e, and cost-e
contemporary
chnology was
ought solely a
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ves to get t
enough to ha
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2 : Grid Computi
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ry times espe
s intensely int
as one packa
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8
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ans of obtain
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to the use of m
age rather the
nits (CPU) so
aster. Also
ng around bu
that they can
k (Grid Comp
| P a g e
scientist name
e future. This
ntages it offe
ing computin
e outpouring o
mainframes.
ey are create
o that they ca
o, to make
t they must b
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ed
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9. CLOU
Anoth
expen
were
proce
cost o
John
comp
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popul
softwa
Cloud
into c
D COMPUTING
her traditiona
nsive resourc
allowed to
essors, usuall
of such metho
McCarthy st
uting power a
water or elect
ar in the late
are and telec
d computing i
lient-server re
AND GOOGLE
l form of co
es is shared
run several
y providing e
ods was very
tated that com
and even spe
ricity). This id
e 1960s, but
ommunication
s an innovati
elationships o
E’S ADVANCEM
omputing was
among a larg
tasks concu
each user wit
high.
Figure 3 : T
mputer time-
ecific applicat
dea of a comp
faded by the
ns technologi
ion for this ki
of modern tec
ENT IN THE FIE
s followed kn
ger set of use
urrently on o
th his or her
Time Share Comp
sharing tech
tions could be
puter or inform
e mid-1970s
ies of the time
ind of service
hnology.
ELD
nown as tim
rs simultaneo
one processo
own termina
puting
nology might
e sold throug
mation utility (
as it becam
e were simply
e as it transla
9
me sharing w
ously. That is
or or in para
al for input an
t lead to a fu
h the utility b
(Utility Compu
me clear that
y not ready.
ates the use
| P a g e
where a set o
, several use
allel on man
nd output. Th
uture in whic
business mod
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the hardware
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rs
ny
he
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es

10. CLOU
Althou
the gr
comp
gradu
comp
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Today
specia
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keep
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The e
stand
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Amaz
serve
D COMPUTING
ugh it is safe
rowth of inter
uters are con
ually evolved
uting technolo
Present
y, massive c
alizes on this
latform requir
information. N
e to properly
emergent dem
ardized com
ed scale, co
zon.com relea
rs per headco
AND GOOGLE
to say that th
rnet. One of t
nnected, the
from grid
ogy.
computing ca
s industry. It u
red to execut
Now, cloud co
queue and de
mands with in
modity hardw
st-efficiency,
ases new co
ount.
E’S ADVANCEM
he concept of
the first comp
next step for
computing a
Figure 4 :
n be done w
usually involv
te it, and the
omputing is a
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ware, a focu
and agility
ode thousand
ENT IN THE FIE
f cloud compu
puter concep
r them is to
and virtualiza
Evolution of Ho
with utility of
ves the infras
storage med
able to manag
rs who share t
er base resul
us on homog
to be compe
s of times p
ELD
uting is not ne
pts was interc
share resour
ation to toda
osting
the service
structure whe
dia such as a
ge all of these
the cloud.
lted in high le
geneity, etc.
etitive. Goo
per day. Mic
10
ew, it was no
connection. N
rces. Furtherm
ay’s highly c
offered by a
re computing
a database in
e resources e
evels of auto
Large Inte
ogle has 1 M
crosoft runs 2
0 | P a g e
ot possible un
Naturally, if tw
more, the ide
complex clou
a provider tha
g is performed
nfrastructure t
efficiently and
mation, use o
ernet busines
Million server
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ea
ud
at
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it
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11. CLOU
Arc
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to do
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end a
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acces
interfa
Explo
clients
On th
create
practi
Usual
D COMPUTING
hitecture
cloud computi
all the heavy
up the cloud
ease. The on
m's interface
care of the re
n talking abou
and the back
end is the sid
m.
ront end inclu
ss the cloud
ace. Services
orer or Firefo
s.
e back end o
e the "cloud"
cally any co
lly, each appl
AND GOOGLE
e of Cloud
ng system, th
y lifting when
d handles the
ly thing the u
software, wh
est.
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ut a cloud com
end. They co
de the comput
udes the clie
computing s
s like Web-ba
ox. Other sys
of the system
" of computin
omputer prog
ication will ha
E’S ADVANCEM
d Comput
here's a signif
it comes to
em instead. H
user's compu
hich can be a
Figure 5 : Archite
mputing syste
onnect to eac
ter user, or cl
nt's device (o
system. Not
sed e-mail pr
stems have u
are the vario
ng services.
gram you can
ave its own de
ENT IN THE FIE
ting
ficant workloa
running appl
Hardware an
uter needs to
s simple as a
ecture of Cloud
em, it's helpfu
ch other throu
lient, sees. Th
or computer n
all cloud co
rograms lever
unique applic
us computers
In theory, a
n imagine, f
edicated serv
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ad shift. Loca
ications. The
d software d
o be able to r
a Web brows
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ul to divide it
ugh a networ
he back end
network) and
mputing syst
rage existing
cations that p
s, servers and
cloud compu
from data pr
ver.
11
al computers n
e network of c
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run is the clo
ser, and the c
into two sec
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is the "cloud"
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provide netw
d data storag
uting system
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1 | P a g e
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oud computin
cloud's netwo
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e Internet. Th
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ion required t
he same use
ers like Interne
work access t
e systems tha
could includ
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at
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he
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12. CLOU
A ce
every
softwa
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The
archit
with t
which
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ything runs sm
are called mi
.
success of
tecture. In clo
the intended
h is very esse
AND GOOGLE
administers
moothly. It fo
ddleware. Mi
cloud compu
oud computin
users. Cloud
ntial to ensure
E’S ADVANCEM
the system,
ollows a set o
ddleware allo
Figure 6 :
uting is larg
g, architectur
d computing
e uptime of th
ENT IN THE FIE
monitoring
of rules calle
ows networke
: Cloud Architec
ely based o
re is not just
requires an
he application
ELD
traffic and c
ed protocols a
ed computers
cture
on the effec
based on ho
intricate inte
n.
12
client deman
and uses a s
s to communic
ctive impleme
ow the applic
eraction with
2 | P a g e
nds to ensur
special kind o
cate with eac
entation of i
cation will wo
the hardwar
re
of
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rk
re

13. CLOU
Typ
Cloud
1
2
Clas
Cloud
Publi
vendo
infras
Priva
share
comp
Hybri
relativ
togeth
use th
requir
grace
Comm
same
D COMPUTING
es of Clo
d computing is
. Location o
. Type of se
ssification
d computing is
c cloud: In P
or’s premises
tructure is ho
te cloud: Th
ed with other
ared to public
id cloud Orga
vely less secu
her is called
heir own com
rements. Thi
efully.
munity cloud
community.
AND GOOGLE
oud Comp
s typically cla
of the cloud co
ervices offered
based on l
s typically cla
Public cloud t
s. The custo
osted. The com
he computing
r organization
c clouds.
anizations ma
urity concerns
hybrid cloud.
mputing infrast
s ensures t
d involves sh
E’S ADVANCEM
puting:
ssified in two
omputing
d
location of
ssified in the
the computin
omer has no
mputing infras
g infrastructur
ns. Private c
ay host critica
s on the publi
A related te
tructure for no
hat a sudde
haring of com
Figure 7 : Typ
ENT IN THE FIE
ways:
f the cloud
following thre
g infrastructu
o visibility an
structure is sh
re is dedicate
louds are mo
al applications
ic cloud. The
rm is Cloud
ormal usage,
en increase
puting infrast
pes of Cloud Com
ELD
d
ee ways:
ure is hosted
nd control o
hared betwee
ed to a parti
ore expensiv
s on private c
usage of bot
Bursting. In C
but access t
in computin
tructure in be
mputing
13
by the cloud
over where t
en any organi
icular organiz
ve and more
clouds and ap
th private and
Cloud burstin
the cloud for
g requireme
etween organ
3 | P a g e
d vendor at th
the computin
zations.
zation and no
e secure whe
pplications wit
d public cloud
ng organizatio
high/peak loa
ent is handle
nizations of th
he
ng
ot
en
th
ds
on
ad
ed
he

14. CLOU
Clas
Based
Infras
princi
disk s
Amaz
Platfo
provid
Applic
Softw
acces
estab
hotma
The a
on the
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
D COMPUTING
ssification
d upon the se
structure as
ples of cloud
storage) or v
zon EC2, Ama
orm as a Ser
ded by differe
cation Engine
ware as a se
ss a software
lished sector
ail, and Goog
above classific
e basis of ser
Storage-as
Database-
Information
Process-as
Application
Platform-a
Integration
Security-as
Manageme
Testing-as
Infrastructu
AND GOOGLE
based upo
ervices offered
s a service
computing.
virtual servers
azon S3, Rac
rvice (PaaS)
ent vendors a
e, Microsofts A
ervice (SaaS)
e application h
r. The examp
le docs.
cation is well
rvice are listed
s-a-service
-as-a-service
n-as-a-service
s-a-service
n-as-a-service
as-a-service
n-as-a-service
s-a-service
ent/Governan
s-a-service
ure-as-a-serv
E’S ADVANCEM
on service
d, clouds are
(IaaS) invol
These could
s. Leading v
ckspace Cloud
involves offe
are typically n
Azure, Salesf
) includes a
hosted by the
ples are onlin
accepted in t
d below:
e
e
e
nce-as-a-serv
vice
ENT IN THE FIE
provided
classified in t
lves offering
include som
endors that
d Servers and
ering a develo
not compatible
force.com’s fo
complete sof
e cloud vend
e email provi
he industry. H
vice
ELD
the following
hardware r
e kind of sto
provide Infra
d Flexiscale.
opment platfo
e. Typical pla
orce.com .
ftware offerin
or on pay-pe
iders like Go
However, a m
14
ways:
related servic
rage services
astructure as
orm on the cl
ayers in PaaS
ng on the clo
er-use basis.
ogles gmail a
more granular
4 | P a g e
ces using th
s (database o
a service ar
oud. Platform
S are Google
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22. CLOU
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