Clinical cases april 14, 13
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A 70 year old man presents with weakness, low grade fever, and tightening and redness of the skin on his arms and legs. Laboratory tests show normal CK, ANA, RF but elevated CRP and ESR. A CBC shows hemoglobin of 11.2 g/dl and increased monocytes and eosinophils. The most likely diagnosis is eosinophilic fascitis. A 32 year old pregnant woman with lupus presents with headache and high blood pressure. Tests show low hemoglobin, platelets, and elevated LDH, AST, ALT. The best test to determine the cause would be anti-Smith antibody. A 44 year old woman presents with arthritis, lung disease
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This document discusses various enzymatic analytical methods used for food analysis, including substrate determination, enzyme activity determination, enzyme immunoassay, and polymerase chain reaction. Specifically, it covers:
1) Substrate determination methods like end-point assays that use coupled enzyme reactions to measure food constituents.
2) Determining enzyme activity in food to evaluate quality and optimize processes by measuring reaction rates under controlled conditions.
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4) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which amplifies DNA for sensitive species identification and detecting genetically modified foods. PCR allows analysis of heat-treated foods where proteins
Enzyme Immobilization and Applications
This document discusses enzyme immobilization and its applications. It describes various methods for immobilizing enzymes, including irreversible methods like covalent bonding and entrapment, and reversible methods like adsorption, chelation, and disulfide bond formation. Immobilized enzymes have many industrial uses, such as in producing high fructose corn syrup, amino acids, and antibiotics. Food applications include yeasts for baking/brewing and pectinases for clarifying juices and wines. Immobilized proteases are used in detergents, leather/textile processing, and cheese production using chymosin.
Role of enzymes in dairy industries
This document discusses enzymes, their structures, properties, sources, and uses. It provides details on several specific enzymes including papain, pepsin, rennin, lactase, catalase, and lipases. It describes how these enzymes are used in various food applications and industries like dairy, meat processing, baking, and more. The key roles of enzymes in food include tenderizing meat, curdling milk to make cheese, aiding in digestion, and preventing spoilage through microbial control.
Enzymes and its applications
This document discusses microbial enzymes and their applications. It describes the different types of enzymes produced by microbes, including hydrolases, oxidoreductases, lyases and isomerases. Specific microbial enzymes are discussed in detail, including amylases, proteases, pectinases, and glucose isomerase. The document outlines the industrial applications of these enzymes and describes the microbial production processes through fermentation. Key aspects like strain selection, nutrient media optimization, and downstream processing methods are summarized.
biosensor
This document discusses the role of enzymes in biosensors. It begins by defining a biosensor as a device that incorporates a bioactive material with a transducing element to detect the concentration or activity of an analyte. Enzymes are well-suited for use in biosensors due to their high selectivity and catalytic activity. An enzyme-based biosensor works by immobilizing an enzyme on an electrode surface - the analyte interacts with and is converted by the enzyme, and this reaction can then be detected electrochemically. Common examples are glucose oxidase in glucose biosensors and urease in urea biosensors. The high specificity, activity, and suitability for electrochemical transduction make enzymes an important biological recognition
enzyme immobilization
An immobilized enzyme is an enzyme that has had its movement restricted by attaching it to a solid support. There are several reasons to immobilize enzymes, including protection from degradation, ability to reuse the enzyme for multiple reactions at a lower cost, and easy separation of products from enzymes. Common methods for immobilization include adsorption, entrapment, covalent binding, and cross-linking. Each method has advantages and disadvantages related to stability, activity loss, and reusability of the immobilized enzyme.
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Biosensor is the Talk of The Day. It made possible, the conversion of yesteryear's cumbersome experiments to an easier, faster all the while improving its sensitivity and specificity. This article will help you to gain an acquaintance about it, its properties, etc.
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Clinical cases april 14, 13
- 1. CLINICAL CASES CASOS CLÍNICOS DR. JCDT Dr. Juan Carlos Díaz Torre Pediatra Neonatólogo dr_diaz_torre@hotmail.com (779) 100 - 40 - 26 1
- 2. Page 221 A 70 year old man presents with weakness and low grade temperature for a few months. He has no Rynaud´s. He DR. JCDT has tightening and erythema of the skin of his upper arms and legs with prominence along the course of the superficial veins. 2
- 3. There is considerable muscle weakness. Laboratory testing reveals a normal CK (Creatinine Kinase), ANA (Antinuclear Antibodies), RF (Reuhmatoid Factor) and a significantly elevated CRP (C DR. JCDT Reactive Protein) and ESR (Erythrocite Sedimentation Rate). A CBC (Complete Blood Count) reveals a hemoglobin of 11.2 g/dl with a moderate increase in monocytes and eosinophils. 3
- 4. Question: Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? DR. JCDT Answers: a) Parasitic involvment. b) Occult neoplasm. c) Alergic reaction. 4 d) Eosinophilic fascitis.
- 5. Page 217 A 32 year old female with systemic lupus erythematosus is 32 weeks preganant and presents with a headache. Physical DR. JCDT examination is remarkable for a blood pressure of 200/110 mmHg. 5
- 6. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin of 8.0 g/dl, platelet count of 38,000, a low haptoglobin level, and an elevated LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase), AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) DR. JCDT and ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase). 6
- 7. Question: What test would be best to determine the cause of her problem? Answers: DR. JCDT a) Complement levels. b) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. c) Anti-Smith antibody. d) C- Reactive protein. 7
- 8. Page 219 A 44 year old Hispanic female presents with inflammatory arthritis of one of her wrists and MCP´s interstitial lung DR. JCDT disease, a non specific rash, and Raynaud´s phenomenon. Laboratory tests reveal an elevated ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) 1:640, RF (Rheumatoid Factor) of 50 (normal <14), and a normal anti-U1 RNP 8 (Ribonucleoprotein).
- 9. Question: Which of the following is the diagnosis? Answers: DR. JCDT a) Undifferentiated connective tissue disease. b) Mixed connective tissue disease. c) Systemic lupus erythematosus. d) Rheumatoid arthritis. 9
- 10. Gracias por su atención DR. JCDT Dr. Juan Carlos Díaz Torre Pediatra Neonatólogo dr_diaz_torre@hotmail.com (779) 100 - 40 - 26 10