The document outlines the classical music period (1750-1830), highlighting key composers like Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven, and their significant contributions to various musical forms such as symphony, concerto, and opera. It details characteristics of key instruments and types of compositions, as well as notable works from each composer, emphasizing their unique styles and the evolution of classical music. The document further categorizes opera into serious (opera seria) and comic (opera buffa) types, illustrating the dramatic and dynamic elements that define this musical era.

1. THE CLASSICAL
PERIOD

2. CLASSICAL MUSIC
The Classical era, also called “Age of Reasons”
The term "classical period" is generally used to
refer to the post-baroque & pre-romantic era
of music composed between 1750 and 1830,
which covers the development of the classical
symphony and concerto

3. CLASSICAL MUSIC
Elements of drama and surprise are
emphasized
Dynamic changes
Gradual changing of mood

4. VOCAL
FORMS
OPERA
A stage presentation that combines
music, costume and scenery
Union of music, drama and
spectacle

5. TYPES OF
OPERA
OPERA SERIA
 serious opera inspired and
adapted from Baroque period.
Gives emphasis on solo voice

6. TYPES OF
OPERA
OPERA BUFFA
Comic opera created to depict
common people with common
problems and concerns
Light and amusing

7. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
SONATA
“sonare” (Latin)
An extended instrumental work for a
solo instrument with piano
accompaniment usually written in 3
to 4 movements

8. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
SONATA-ALLEGRO
3 main sections:
Exposition
Development
Recapitulation

9. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
SYMPHONY
“sinfonia”
A composition for orchestra with
4 movements.
Usually lasts for 20-45 minutes

10. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
SYMPHONY
Four movements:
Fast and lively
Slow
Fast
Brilliant or heroic fast

11. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
CONCERTO
Is an instrumental for a solo
instrument like the piano, violin,
trumpet or any other instrument,
with the orchestra for the
accompaniment

12. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
CONCERTO
Three movements:
 Sonata form
 Slow and lyrical
 Fast
Cadenza – exhibits a showy
passage played only by a soloist

13. INSTRUMENTAL
FORMS
SUITE
Performed in concert setting and
not for accompaniment.
Composed of instrumental and
orchestral pieces and maybe taken
out from a musical play, opera or
film.

14. CHAMBER MUSIC
A classical composition for small
ensembles or small group of
instruments that could fit in a
palace chamber

15. CHAMBER MUSIC
The small ensemble playing
chamber music may consists of the
following instruments:
String quartet
Trio, quintet, sextets, and octets
Mixed ensemble like trio for
viola, clarinet and piano.

16. Classical Music
Composers

17. Franz Joseph Haydn 1732-1809
•One of the most prominent composers
of the classical period.
•He came from poor family and his
music led his rise in social status.
•He became a musical director for the
Esterhazy family for 30 years.
•His music reflects his character and
personality :mainly calm , balanced ,
serious but touches of humor
•He composed 100 symphonies and
developed them into long forms for a
large orchestra.
•He was named “ Father of Symphony”

18. Franz Joseph Haydn Compositions
•Most of his symphonies have
nicknames such as the “ Surprise
Symphony” , “ The clock “ , “The
Military “.
•Symphony No. 94 in G major
“Surprise “ 2ndmovement
•Symphony No. 101 in D major ,
“The Clock “
•Symphony No. 100 in G major,
“Military”

19. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1756 -1791
•He is a child prodigy and the most
amazing genius in musical history.
•At age thirteen, he had written
sonatas, concertos, symphonies ,
religious works , and operas and
operettas.
•He experimented in all kinds of
music and composed over 700 works.
•Unfortunately , due to mismanaged
finances he lived his life in poverty ,
died young and was buried in an
unknown grave.

20. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Compositions
•He composed wonderful concertos ,
symphonies and operas such as “ The Marriage
of Figaro “ (1786), “Don Giovanni “ (1789), and
“The Magic Flute” which became popular.
•Other known works: EineKleineNachtmusik,
Symphony No.40 in G major, and Sonata No. 11
in A major K311.
•Piano Sonata No. 16 in C major, K.545 (so
called facile or semplicesonata)
•Piano Sonata No.11, K331 in A major , 1stmov.
(Andante Grazioso)
•Symphony No. 40 in G minor, 1stmov. (Molto
Allegro)
•Serenade in G minor (EineKleineNachtmusik)

21. Ludwig Van Beethoven
1770-1827
•He was born in Bonn , Germany to a
family of musicians and studied music
at an early age.
•He was the composer who bridged
the late Classical era and the early
Romantic era.
•His famous compositions include 32
piano sonatas, 21 set of variation, 9
symphonies , 5 concertos for piano, 16
string quarters and choral music
•His works include the
“MissaSolemnis“ (1818-1823) and
opera “ Fidelio “ (1805)

22. Ludwig Van Beethoven
1770-1827
•His known symphonies are :
Symphony no. 3 (Eroica), No. 5
(Pastoral), No.9 (Choral ) , which adds
voices to the orchestra.
•He began to be deaf in 1796 but this
did not became a hindrance, He
continued composing through the
help of an assistant and hearing
gadget. Some of his famous
compositions were made when he
was deaf.

23. Ludwig Van Beethoven
Characteristic of Music
•His music veered toward larger
orchestra
•Sound was centered on the violas and
lower registers of the violins and cellos
to give his music a darker mood.
•All themes in a piece are tied together
by one motif.
•He developed musical themes and
motifs extensively by means of
modulation.
•He uses more brass instruments and
dynamics

24. Ludwig Van Beethoven
Compositions
•Piano Sonata no. 14 in C sharp
minor ( Moonlight) 1stmov. Op.
27 no. 2
•Piano Concerto no. 1 in C major
Op. 15
•Piano Concerto no. 5 “
Emperor” in E flat major op. 73
•Symphony no. 5 Op.67. C minor
•Symphony No.9, Op. 125, d
minor “Choral”