2. Teasing apart the terms...
✦ CAREER
• The integration of one’s personality with work
activities; a cumulative reference to one’s work
experiences over time
✦ OCCUPATION
• One’s business, profession or trade
✦ JOB
• Series of tasks or activities that are performed
within an occupation
3. CAREER DECISION-MAKING
PROCESS
✦ Become aware and committed
✦ Study your environment
✦ Study yourself
✦ Generate alternatives
✦ Gather information
✦ Make the decision
✦ Implement the decision
✦ Get feedback
5. GENERATIONAL
DIFFERENCES
• GEN Y (Millenials)
• GEN X
• BABY BOOMERS
• MATURES/TRADITIONALS
6. HOLLAND’s THEORY
• Each person has a HOLLAND CODE
• Each work environment has a HOLLAND
CODE
• Holland’s theory matches you to
compatible work environments based on
which professions correspond with
your HOLLAND CODE
7. Holland Personality
Types
✦ Realistic
✦ Investigative
✦ Artistic
✦ Social
✦ Enterprising
✦ Conventional
10. DEFINITION
✦VALUES
• Anything to which a person ascribes worth,
merit, or usefulness
• Deeply held convictions that influence your
thinking when you are faced with choices
11. Teasing apart the terms...
✦VALUES vs. NEEDS
• Values
Important or significant
• Needs
Necessary or required
12. VALUES
✦ Why are they important?
• Studying our values can give direction to
life
• Satisfying our values leads to personal
fulfillment and happiness
✦ Where do we get them?
• People + environment
• Usually not taught consciously
13. Culture vs.
Subculture
✦ Culture
• Ways of thinking and living that are built up
by a group of human beings and transmitted from
generation to generation
✦ Subculture
• A group with social/economic/ethnic and other
characteristics distinctive enough to set it
apart from other groups within the same culture
14. Cultural Values
✦ Cultural Values
• What is considered to be right or
wrong, important or unimportant in a
culture
15. Work-Life Balance
✦ The ability to include all top priorities and
values in your career and life plan
✦ Balanced individuals work harder
✦ Work-Life Balance = Career
Satisfaction
16. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Where you direct your attention
Extroversion----------------------------Introversion
How you gather information
Sensing---------------------------------------Intuition
How you make decisions
Thinking----------------------------------------Feeling
How you relate to the external environment
Judging--------------------------------------Perceiving
17. Definitions
✦ Ability:
✦ The capacity to act with competence in
an activity or occupation
✦ Aptitude:
✦ The ability to learn; potential
✦ Skill:
✦ A competency developed from learning
and practice
18. Abilities
✦ Where do they come from?
➡ Partly heredity
➡ Partly environment
✦ Types of abilities
➡ physical
➡ intellectual
➡ artistic
➡ organizational
➡ relational
➡ special knowledge abilities...
19. Aptitudes
✦ The ability or capacity to
learn
➡ “I don’t have the skill yet, but I
have the potential to acquire it”
20. SCANS Report
✦ Secretary’s Commission on Achieving
Necessary Skills by the U.S. Dept. of Labor
➡ Outlines essential skills of solid job performance
in the 21st century job market
21. SCANS: Foundations
✦ FOUNDATIONS
➡ Basic Skills: Reading, writing, arithmetic,
speaking, listening
➡ Thinking Skills: Creative thinking,
decision making, problem solving, reasoning,
knowing how to learn
➡ Personal Qualities: Individual
responsibility, self-esteem, sociability,self-
management, integrity
✦ The absence of any one of the foundations
can disqualify any job seeker at any
level!
22. SCANS: Foundations
and Competencies
✦ COMPETENCIES
➡ Resources: The ability to identify, organize,
plan, and allocate resources
➡ Interpersonal: The ability to work well with
others
➡ Information: The ability to acquire and use
information
➡ Systems: The ability to understand complex
interrelationships
➡ Technology: The ability to work with a variety of
technologies
24. Functional Skills
✦ Skills you carry from one job to
another
✦ TRANSFERABLE
✦ Can be used in many occupations
✦ Convey action
➡ Expressed as verbs
✦ Naturally developed from all aspects of
life
25. Content Skills
✦ Skills involving learned subject
matter
➡ Expressed as nouns
✦ Require:
➡ conscious, deliberate training
➡ the use of memory to master a
particular vocabulary, procedure
or subject matter
26. Adaptable Skills
✦ AKA Self-management skills
✦ Describe or characterize people
➡ Expressed as adjectives and adverbs
✦ Not really recognized as skills at all...
typically thought of as ‘personal traits’
27. Gathering Information
✦ Important things to know when
considering a particular career:
➡ 1. Nature of the work?
➡ 2. Education, training or
experience?
➡ 3. Personal qualifications/skills/
abilities?
28. Gathering Information
✦ Important things to know (cont.):
➡ 4. Earnings, salary range,
benefits?
➡ 5. Working conditions?
➡ 6. Location of employment?
29. Gathering Information
✦ Important things to know (cont.):
➡ 7. Personality characteristics of
typical people in this profession?
➡ 8. Employment and advancement
outlook?
➡ 9. Personal satisfaction?
30. Gathering Information
✦ Important things to know (cont.):
➡ 10. Advantages and disadvantages
➡ 11. Related occupations
31. Online Resources
✦ Occupational Information Network (O*Net)
➡ online.onetcenter.org
✦ Career Info Net (fast-growing jobs):
➡ www.Careerinfonet.org
✦ Occupational Outlook Handbook (includes salary
ranges):
➡ www.bls.gov/oco
33. Factors adversely affecting
decisions
✦ External, e.g.:
➡ family expectations
➡ family responsibilities
➡ cultural stereotypes
➡ gender stereotypes
➡ survival needs
✦ Internal, e.g.:
➡ lack of self-confidence
➡ fear of change
➡ fear of making the wrong decision
➡ fear of failure
➡ fear of ridicule
34. 3 Conditions Needed for
Change
✦ Dissatisfaction with current condition
✦ Concept of something better waiting in
future
✦ Belief that there is a way to get there
Premise: The benefits of a change
outweigh the costs of making that
change.
35. Strategies and Risks in
Decision Making
✦ Gelatt, Varenhorst,Carey, & Miller (1973)
➡ OPTION A: Wish strategy
➡ OPTION B: Safe strategy
➡ OPTION C: Escape strategy
➡ OPTION D: Combination strategy
37. GOALS VS OBJECTIVES
✦ GOALS
➡ Broad statements of purpose
➡ General and long-range
➡ Ongoing process
✦ OBJECTIVES
➡ Specific and practical steps toward
goals
➡ Short-term
38. DEFINE ASSESS GATHER
GOAL ALTERNATIVES INFORMATION
ASSESS
REFINE TAKE OUTCOME
GOAL ACTION PROBABILITY/
DESIRABILITY
39. Informational Interview
✦ Definition?
➡ A brief meeting between a person who wants to
investigate an occupation and a person
working in that occupation
✦ Main goal?
➡ To obtain advice and information about what
people do in their occupations and what the
industry is like as a whole
40. “Trying on Jobs”
➡ Can get direct information about the
job and its work environment
➡ Can check on the accuracy of
information gathered from other sources
➡ Can ask questions you won’t find the
answers to elsewhere
➡ Can afford networking opportunities
41. Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation (related
to Maslow’s Needs)
Learn on the job,
use skills in
challenging + interesting
Text
work
Autonomy + recognition
Relationships with colleagues, supervisors
Company policies, work environment
Job security, salary, benefits
When you take an inventory using Holland’s types, you get a score for each of the types The higher your score for a certain type, the more characteristics you share with that type The question is: which types are you MOST like? Order your score from highest to lowest. The first three form your Holland code. So you have a code, now what do you do with it? Remember that work environments also have their own Holland code. It’s almost like the work environment has a personality. Ideally, you want to get the best possible match between your code and your work environment. We’re going to talk about this in much more depth once you have the results from your SII.
