This document discusses the history of higher education in California and the United States from 1960 to present day. It covers major events and legislation that impacted access and diversity, the development of different systems and sectors of higher education, and the rise of student affairs as a field. Key topics covered include the civil rights movement, creation of California's master plan for higher education, increasing diversity of the student population, and growth of student services and affairs.

1. Chimzi, Christin, Katherine & Ricky
EDAD 521

2.  Description of Society
 Higher education institutions
 Factors affecting Higher Education
 Significant changes
 Look at Student Affairs
 Populations effected

3.  Methods of activism
 Organizations
 Events
 Leaders
 Legislation
 Quotes

4.  Purpose
 Organizations
 Events
 Leaders
 Legislation
 Results

5.  Issues
 Methods of activism
 Organizations
 Events
 Leaders/Activists
 Quotes

6.  Stonewall Riots
 Organizations
 Results

7.  Women’s Colleges
 1972 Coeducation becomes nearly Universal
 In 1960 there were over 200 Women’s Colleges
 Coeducational model was motivated by politics
and finances, not by what is educationally and
developmentally optimal for women

8.  Master Plan became  Cal State System: 1960- The
international model for 23 California state-funded
Higher Education schools became California
 Increase in Cal Grants State Colleges through the
 Opened new Colleges and this act
Universities Across the State  In 1972 the word “colleges”
 Power moved from State was dropped from the name
Board of Ed to a newly of this system
created California State  Defined this system
College Board of Trustees  Aimed at recruiting top 1/3rd of
 Set admissions guidelines for Calif. High School students
Ucs and CSC (CSU’s), and CC  Bachelor’s and Master’s
degrees
 Minor research
 Primary responsibility for
teaching credentials

9. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA COMMUNITY
COLLEGE SYSTEM:
 World Model of a  Created 1967 also a result
Multiversity of the Donahoe Higher
 Recruited top 12.5 % of Education Act
California High School  Catered to all HS grads
Students  50,000 attended in
 Campuses opened in San California between 1960-
Diego (1960), Irvine (1965) 1975
and Santa Cruz (1965)

10. DOROTHY DONAHOE CLARK KERRY

11.  Civil Rights Movement
 CORE, SNCC, SCLC
 Greensboro 4
 1963-16th street
bombing
 1965 March from
Selma to Montgomery

12.  1964 Civil Rights Act
 1965 Voting Rights Act
 1965 Higher Education
Act
 Vietnam War

13.  Shift in relationships
 Student – Institution
 Faculty – Student
 Age of student
activism
 Faculty Activism
 Teach-Ins
 Professional
Associations
 COSPA, 1963

14.  Challenge: University
feel
 Problems: Discontent
w/large lecture
classes, crowded
housing, distance
between faculty &
student

15.  African Americans
 1964: estimated 15000
blacks in predominately
white colleges in South
 1967-1968: Black
enrollment tripled
 HBCU: dropped from
82% to 60%
 Baby boom
 Enrollment bursts

16.  Events
 Legislation
 Results

17.  Events
 Legislation
 Results

18.  Vietnam War
 Disproval
 Kent State Massacre
 Disability movement
 Legislation
 Affirmative Action
 Legislation

19.  First known resource center on a
college campus -University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor 1971 despite
initial opposition from University
President
 A year after Gay Liberation Front
(GLF) and Radical Lesbian Clubs
were chartered
 University of Michigan provided
a small one room office and 2
quarter-time staff (Human
Sexuality Advocates)
 Created to battle the stereotype
of Gay and Lesbian people
 Initially called the Human
Sexuality Office

20.  Federal influence
 Segregation persists in
schools
 Changes in college
curriculum
 Falling enrollment
 Tough Times

21.  Consumer model
 Increase in Higher Ed  Increase SAP
 Student Affairs/Student Development
 CAS is developed

22.  Women:
 Working women
increased 42%
 Lawyers increased by
9%
 Professors by 6%
 Doctors 3.6%
 Degrees from
professional schools-
1425 students

23.  Mid 70s
 Increase in women and
black students seeking
college
 Rise in part time
students
 Change in age
composition
 Increasing # of non–
traditional students

24.  Women’s Issues
 Legislation
 LGBT Issues
 Legislation
 Disability Issues
 Legislation
 Affirmative Action
 Legislation
 Electronic Boom

25.  105 existence as of 1999
 27 offer doctoral programs
and 52 provide graduate
degree programs at the
Master's level. At the
undergraduate level, 83 of
the HBCUs offer a
Bachelor's degree program
and 38 of these schools
offer associate degrees
 In 1999 25% of Degrees
earned by Blacks were
from HBCUs

26.  Shift from equity to
excellence
 Students switch focus
 Contradicting politics

27.  Increasing student
diversity
 Growing concern for
student conduct
 Overcoming Economic
Barriers
 Introduction of “virtual
universities”
 Prop 187 & Prop 227

28.  Diversity of students
 1986: CAS Standards
and Guidelines published
 NASPA/ACPA/AAHE
studies:
 Student Learning
Imperative
 Reasonable Expectations
 Increasing Appreciation
 Joint Services

29.  Decline of # of
traditional college age
students
 1981-1999: minority
enrollment grows more
than 100% at both 2 and
4 year institutions
 Increase in Black
enrollment by
60%, Native Americans
80% Hispanic & Asian
Americans tripled

30.  Among freshman: 40%
had learning
disabilities
 1992: 14.2 million
students in college
 African Americans
 Less than 1 in 5 Blacks in
HBCU
 Early 90s: HBCU enroll
close to 20& of all blacks
in Higher education