HTML is the standard markup language used to create web pages and defines tags that describe text, headings, paragraphs, lists and other document elements. CSS is used to style and lay out HTML elements and can be embedded directly in HTML or linked via a separate file. JavaScript and other scripting languages can be used to add interactive elements to HTML pages. PHP and other server-side scripting languages allow for dynamic content generation and user interaction functionality.
Advanced PHP Web Development Tools in 2015iScripts
Professional web developers make php web development absolutely stunning with the aid of different kinds of tools. A designer prefers tools after checking number of features, and the choice of the right tool for php web development is vital for creating user-friendliness and better interaction
Advanced PHP Web Development Tools in 2015iScripts
Professional web developers make php web development absolutely stunning with the aid of different kinds of tools. A designer prefers tools after checking number of features, and the choice of the right tool for php web development is vital for creating user-friendliness and better interaction
PHP is a server-side web programming language that is broadly used for website/web development. Hence, PHP is productive with good security, reliable and fast to customise for developing web applications. We have shared some of the good points bases on that. We hope it will be helpful to you work with it.
Multilingual Drupal presentation from "Do it With Drupal"Gábor Hojtsy
Introduction to the Drupal 6 multilanguage features starting off from core features to contributed modules.
Presented at Do It With Drupal http://doitwithdrupal.com/
PHP is a server-side web programming language that is broadly used for website/web development. Hence, PHP is productive with good security, reliable and fast to customise for developing web applications. We have shared some of the good points bases on that. We hope it will be helpful to you work with it.
Multilingual Drupal presentation from "Do it With Drupal"Gábor Hojtsy
Introduction to the Drupal 6 multilanguage features starting off from core features to contributed modules.
Presented at Do It With Drupal http://doitwithdrupal.com/
I felt necessity of creating this brief slideshow, so as to help PHP Developer interns and communicating the intricacies of development with my clients easier. I thought the more deeply clients understood what really went into translating their ideas to web applications under the hood, the better it could translate to
exchange of design issues,
appreciation of development process intricacies, resulting delivery time & cost issues.
So I quickly put together information that I found on internet & have tried to make an attempt. Hope this helps other developers too... Your comments & critique are welcome in terms of improving & simplifying this slide show.
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government LiaisonMattGardner52
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
Defending Weapons Offence Charges: Role of Mississauga Criminal Defence LawyersHarpreetSaini48
Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
To know more visit: https://www.saini-law.com/
A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
Visit Now: https://www.tumblr.com/trademark-quick/751620857551634432/ensure-legal-protection-file-your-trademark-with?source=share
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...Massimo Talia
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
1. 1
HTML (Hypertext MarkUP
Language)
HTML is the lingua franca for publishing hypertext on
the World Wide Web
Define tags <html><body> <head>….etc
Allow to embed other scripting languages to manipulate
design layout, text and graphics
Platform independent
Current version is 4.x and in February W3C released the
first draft of a test suite 4.01
For more info: http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/
2. 2
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
Example HTML code:
<HTML>
<head>
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor = “#000000”>
<font color = “#ffffff”>
<H1>Hello World</H1>
</font>
</body>
</HTML>
4. 4
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
Common features
– Tables
– Frame
– Form
– Image map
– Character Set
– Meta tags
– Images, Hyperlink, etc…
5. 5
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
File Extensions:
HTML, HTM
Recent recommendation of W3C is XHTML 1.0
combines the strength of HTML 4 with the
power of XML.
XHTML 1.0 is the first major change to HTML
since HTML 4.0 was released in 1997
More info: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/
6. 6
CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)
Simple mechanism for adding style to web page
Code be embedded into the HTML file
HTML tag:
<style type=“text/css”>CODE</style>
Also be in a separate file FILENAME.css
HTML tag:
<link rel=“stylesheet” href=“scs.css” type=“text/css”>
Style types mainly include:
• Font
• Color
• Spacing
7. 7
CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)
Controls format:
– Font, color, spacing
– Alignment
– User override of styles
– Aural CSS (non sighted user and voice-browser)
– Layers
Layout
User Interface
12. 12
JavaScript
Compact object-based scripting language
Code be embedded into HTML file
HTML tag
<script language=“javascript”>CODE</script>
Also be in a separate file FILENAME.js
HTML tag
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"
SRC=“FILENAME.js"></SCRIPT>
13. 13
JavaScript
Main objectives:
User interface, CGI capabilities without involving server
Client side compilation
Server provides no support
Security hazard for client’s computer
SCS websites JavaScript's Examples
http://www.cs.cmu.edu
14. 14
VBScripts
Microsoft’s share of scripting language
Similar objectives as JavaScript and any other
scripting language
Similar to Visual Basic
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="VBScript">CODE</script>
VBScript is integrated with WWW and web
browsers
Other Microsoft developer tools
15. 15
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
PHP- HTML-embedded scripting language
Syntax looks like C, JAVA, and PERL
File extension: FILENAME.php
Main Objective:
• Generate Dynamic content
• User Interface
Server side loadable module
Server side execution
Current version and release: 4.3.x
More info: http://www.php.net
16. 16
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
Sample Code
<HTML>
<head><title>
PHP Sample Code</title></head>
<body bgcolor = "#000000">
<font color = "#ffffff"><h1>
This is a PHP TEST</h1>
<p>
<?php
$cnt=0;
while($cnt <= 4)
{ $cnt++;
echo "Hello World<P>"; }
?>
</body></HTML>
18. 18
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
PHP is getting really popular in the web developers
community
ODBC support
PHP developer community think this is the web future
SCS Undergraduate sites; done in PHP:
http://www.ugrad.cs.cmu.edu/
Drawback:
• Security
• Easy manipulation of code for hackers
19. 19
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
Standard for external gateway programs to
interface with information servers such as HTTP
servers
Real-time execution
Main Objective:
• Dynamic Content
• User Interface
Current version 1.1
20. 20
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
Various choice in Programming language
selections
C, C++, PERL, Python
PERL; most popular and widely used
Server side execution
Script runs as a stand alone process unlike PHP
Basic difference with PHP is the execution
approach
21. 21
PERL (Practical Extraction and Report
Language)
Commonly used PERL Libraries (Modules):
• CGI.pm
• DB.pm
• DBI.pm
• CPAN.pm
• Mysql.pm
More on PERL Libraries:
• http://www.perl.com/CPAN-local/README.html
• http://www.perl.com
• http://www.perl.org
22. 22
PERL (Practical Extraction and Report
Language)
Sample PERL code:
#!/usr/local/bin/perl5.6.1
## printenv -- demo CGI program which just prints its environment
##
print "Content-type: text/plainnn";
foreach $var (sort(keys(%ENV))) {
$val = $ENV{$var};
$val =~ s|n|n|g;
$val =~ s|"|"|g;
print "${var}="${val}"n";
}
https://superman.web.cs.cmu.edu/cgi-bin/printenv
23. 23
PERL (Practical Extraction and Report
Language)
More Example of PERL CGI Scripts:
• http://calendar.cs.cmu.edu/scsEvents/submit.html
• http://calendar.cs.cmu.edu/scs/additionalSearch
Drawback:
• Security
• Easy manipulation of code for hackers
24. 24
Mod_PERL (PERL Module for
Apache)
Module that brings together the power of PERL and
Apache HTTP server
PERL interpreter embedded in Web Server
Can provide 100x speedups for CGI scripts execution due
to Apache::Registry module
Reduce load on server
Less coordination of server process
More info:
• http://perl.apache.org/
• http://www.modssl.org/docs/2.8/ssl_intro.html
25. 25
Secured Web Server (HTTPS,
MOD_SSL)
Provide strong cryptography for web server
Mod_ssl is the module for Apache to enable
encrypted web connection
Use Secured Socket Layer (SSL v2/v3) and
Transport Layer Security
Two categories of cryptographic algorithms
• Conventional (Symmetric)
• Public Key (Asymmetric)
26. 26
Secured Web Server (HTTPS,
MOD_SSL)
Conventional or Symmetric
• Sender and Receiver share a key
Public key or Asymmetric
• Solve the key exchange issue
Certificate
• A certificate associates a public key with the real identity of
an individual, server
• Includes the identification and signature of the Certificate
Authority that issued the certificate
28. 28
WebISO (Initial Sign-on and
Pubcookie)
One time authentication process
Typically username/password-based central
authentication
Use standard web browser
Eventually the session time-out
Commonly uses double encryption
29. 29
WebISO (Initial Sign-on and
Pubcookie)
Pubcookie
Main Model:
User-Agent: Web browsers
Authentication Service:
Kerberos, LDAP, NIS
Example:
https://wonderwoman.web.cs.cmu.edu/Reports
31. 31
Cookies
Web cookies are simply bits of software placed on
your computer when you browse websites
WebISO (Pubcookie) use cookie implementation
to keep track of a user
Drawback:
Security
32. 32
Kerberos
Network authentication protocal
Developed in MIT
Strong cryptography
Private (shared) key
Use ticket to authenticate
Never sends password over the network
Single sign-on approach for network
authentication
33. 33
Database Technology (MYSQL)
Database driven backend infrastructure
Content is independent from design
CGI and PHP are widely used
Provide the flexibility of data storage
Popular database for web systems:
MYSQL, MSQL, Cold Fusion, MS-ACCESS, ORACLE
SCS database driven sites USE MYSQL
Example of SCS database driven sites
34. 34
Database Technology (MYSQL)
Great database package for handling text
Drawback
– View
– Multi-master replication
– Locking
– Support for sub quires
– Character set handling
More info: http://www.mysql.com
35. 35
XML XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet
Language Transformations)
XSLT is designed for use as part of XSL
Stylesheet language for XML
XSLT is also designed to be used independently
of XSL
Work under the umbrella of XML
Example:
http://wonderwoman.web.cs.cmu.edu:8888/xml/
36. 36
JAVA Applets
Precompiled code
Included in HTML page
HTML tag:
<applet code=FILENAME.class>LIST OF
PARAMETER</applet>
The class is executed by clients browser’s JVM (Java
Virtual Machine)
JAR (Java Archive) Bundle multiple files into a single
archive file
More info: http://java.sun.com/applets/
37. 37
Flash
Multimedia web development
Audio, video, animation really flashy web content
3D graphics
More info:
http://www.macromedia.com/devnet/mx/flash/
SCS Web site (Flash):
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/fla/
Performance on low bandwidth is an issue
38. 38
Server, Web Server, Load balancing
Servers
SUN, High-end INTEL
Operating Systems:
Solrais, Linux, Windows
Web Server
Apache, IIS, Enterprise, SUN ONE
Load Balancing
Commercial vs Non-commercial product
39. 39
VoiceXML (Voice Extensible Markup
Language)
Designed for creating
• Audio Dialog that feature synthesized speech
• Digitized audio
• Recognition of spoken and DTMF(Dual-tone-multi-
frequency) key input
• Recording of spoken input
• Telephony
• Mixed initiative conversation
http://www.w3.org/TR/voicexml20/
http://www.voicexml.org/