Cyber language is a new form of communication developed for use on the internet. It includes abbreviations, emoticons, and slang terms to facilitate faster communication online. Cyber language continues evolving as new terms are created to describe emerging internet technologies and concepts. However, some argue that the predominately male creation of cyber language could promote sexism.
As technologists, we live partially in the future. We are always making implicit bets based on our predictions of what the future will bring. To better understand our powers of prediction, it can be helpful to look back into the past, to review our biases and best guesses in retrospect. As we seek to understand this next tech cycle, Bryan Cantrill takes us through a series of predictions made over the past two decades to see what actually came to pass, what was stunningly wrong, and what may still be emerging in the industry in 2022 and beyond.
To watch all of the recordings hosted during Scylla Summit 2022 visit our website here: https://www.scylladb.com/summit.
As technologists, we live partially in the future. We are always making implicit bets based on our predictions of what the future will bring. To better understand our powers of prediction, it can be helpful to look back into the past, to review our biases and best guesses in retrospect. As we seek to understand this next tech cycle, Bryan Cantrill takes us through a series of predictions made over the past two decades to see what actually came to pass, what was stunningly wrong, and what may still be emerging in the industry in 2022 and beyond.
To watch all of the recordings hosted during Scylla Summit 2022 visit our website here: https://www.scylladb.com/summit.
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
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1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
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2. TOPIC OBJECTIVES
•Able to:
- Define cyber language
- Explain the creation of cyber
language
- Describe the cyber play including
variations on abbreviations,
emoticons, and smiley
2
3. WHAT IS CYBER LANGUAGE?
•Cyber language is a language of the net.
•Cyber language, a term not yet recorded in traditional dictionaries, is
encountered by a majority of people daily in media and regularly in the
workplace.
3
4. CYBER PLAY: VARIATIONS ON ABBREVIATIONS,
EMOTICONS, AND SMILEY
4
General Smiley
or
Other examples
or
http://www.anapsid.or
g/internet/smileys.ht
ml
5. CREATING CYBER LANGUAGE
•The netizen commonly used devices to describe a new concept.
•They also borrow words from other familiar contexts to describe a new
concept.
•Common examples: bookmark, address, mouse, crash, homepage and icon.
•Other example: download, mud, web, bluetooth.
5
6. CREATING CYBER LANGUAGE
•Before the convergence of IT, those terms, for example, mouse, is used to
describe an animal and address is to describe where people live.
•But now, those terms have different meanings, and the new meanings are
world widely acceptable by people.
•The creation of cyber language is a never ending process and
unpredictable one.
•New terms will be introduced as technology evolved.
6
7. LINGUISTIC CONVENTIONS
•In our globalized world today the internet gives us the greater
opportunity to communicate to each other through e-mail and chat
room.
•The groups of internet users and people who love to chat in online chat
room have their own cyberspace language, which is now entering the
linguistic mainstream.
•Then we have got 2 neologisms: “emoticons” and “netcronyms”.
7
8. LINGUISTIC CONVENTIONS (CONTINUE)
•Emoticon is a combination of “emotion” and “icon”.
•Netcronym is a combination of “net” and “acronym”. Netcronyms are
similar to emoticons. They are created for the sake of speedy online
written communication.
•This makes me realize that in modern world today people seem to be in
haste and don’t want to waste time on unnecessary things , then internet
users create the linguistic signs and use them as language which help
them to save their time and can express their feeling and thought to the
receivers in short time.
8
9. IMPLICATIONS: LANGUAGE POLICY, STATUS,
SURVIVAL
•America has loomed large in the generation and control of IT and
consequently has had an enormous influence on the cyber language.
•The cyber-language, which is larger-than-live and promises the world,
represents the culture of American.
•For example:
- find it here!
- Real-time news
- Buddylist instant messaging
- Must-see movie
9
10. IMPLICATIONS: LANGUAGE POLICY, STATUS,
SURVIVAL (CONTINUE)
•The influence of ‘sales talk’, which is so prominent in America, strongly
present in the cyber world.
•Example:
•A website with actual advertisement, powered by bottom dollar, where
words flicking across the screen with various colors, often imitate the
real world, as in lit-up cityscapes where billboards or neon lights
promote products.
•Cyber language also uses names often hold out promise of success and
perfection. For example: wordperfect, successmaker.
10
11. THE ‘MALENESS’ OF CYBER LANGUAGE
•Most of the cyber language is created by male.
•In the world dominated by males, there could be a chance that they would
create violence or sexism terms.
•Terms created:
kill abort execute web master
Hotmetal burn CD building firewall
11
12. THE ‘MALENESS’ OF CYBER LANGUAGE (CONTINUE)
•Anne a’herran suggests that the language of the new technology,’ invented
by technical males for technical males’, in the past at least, has created an
unfriendly, alienating environment.
•However, a survey in 1998 conducted at Macquarie university, of whom
94% were female, did not perceive the technical language of the computer
to be alienating.
12
13.
14. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES
•Trolls
•(V.) (1) to deliberately post derogatory or inflammatory
comments to a community forum, chat room, newsgroup
and/or a blog in order to bait other user..
•Flame
•A searing e-mail or newsgroup message in which the writer
attacks another participant in overly harsh, and often
personal, terms. Flames are an unfortunate, but inevitable,
element of unmodulated conferences.
15. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• Mirror
•The act of copying data from one location to a storage device
in real time. Because the data is copied in real time, the
information stored from the original location is always an
exact copy of the data from the production device.
•Data mirroring is useful in the speedy recovery of critical data
after a disaster. Data mirroring can be implemented locally or
offsite at a completely different location
16. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• Webmaster
•An individual who manages a web site. Depending on the size of the
site, the webmaster might be responsible for any of the following:
•Making sure that the web server hardware and software is running
properly
•Designing the web site
•Creating and updating web pages
•Replying to user feedback
•Creating CGI scripts
•Monitoring traffic through the site
17. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• Zip
• (1) A popular data compression format. Files that have been
compressed with the ZIP format are called ZIP files and usually end with
a.ZIP extension
• Cookie
•A message given to a web browser by a web server. The browser stores
the message in a text file. The message is then sent back to the
server each time the browser requests a page from the server.
18. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• Encryption
• The translation of data into a secret code. Encryption is the most
effective way to achieve data security .
• Decryption
• The process of decoding data that has been encrypted into a secret
format.
•Html
• Short for hypertext markup language, the authoring language used
to create documents on the world wide web.
19. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• OFFLINE
• (1) NOT CONNECTED. FOR EXAMPLE, ALL PRINTERS HAVE A SWITCH THAT
ALLOWS YOU TO TURN THEM OFFLINE.
JAVA
• A HIGH-LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE DEVELOPED BY SUN
MICROSYSTEMS. JAVA WAS ORIGINALLY CALLED OAK
20. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• FIREWALL
•(F+R´WÂL) (N.) A SYSTEM DESIGNED TO PREVENT UNAUTHORIZED
ACCESS TO OR FROM A PRIVATE NETWORK.
•BOOT TO GECKO,
•OR B2G, IS AN AMBITIOUS MOZILLA PROJECT INITIATED TO BUILD A
COMPLETE, STANDALONE OPERATING SYSTEM FOR THE OPEN WEB.
21. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES (CONTINUE)
• White screen of death
•Abbreviated WSOD, the white screen of death or simply white death
refers to an error or issue with an operating system or device that
causes the computer or device to stop working and display only a
white screen.
22. • Spinning pinwheel of death (spod)
•The spinning pinwheel of death (spod) is mac OS x’s version of windows’
blue screen of death (bsod). Officially referred to as the "spinning wait
cursor" by apple, the pinwheel of death occurs when the multicolored
pinwheel mouse pointer that signifies an application has stopped
responding to the system continues to spin without end.
•Wiki
•A collaborative web site comprises the perpetual collective work of many
authorswiki means "quick" in hawaiian
Cyber language examples (continue)
23. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES
• Zeus
•The most widespread botnet in history, zeus is a trojan horse that infiltrates
computers in order to steal data by logging keystrokes and spread copies of
itself to other devices via instant messaging and e-mail messages. Computers
infected by a zeus variant can be controlled by the attacker and monitored for
keystrokes in order to gain access to online accounts and other sensitive data.
• Certificate bandit
A hacker that breaks into a certificate authority (CA) company in order to issue fake
certificates that help bogus websites masquerade as authentic sites such as google,
skype and microsoft.
24. CYBER LANGUAGE EXAMPLES
• Wardriving
•The act of driving around in a vehicle with a laptop computer, an
antenna, and an 802.11 wireless LAN adapter to exploit existing
wireless networks.
25. SUMMARY
•Since the introduction of the cyber language, literacy itself is changing
because of the impact of technology on writing and reading practices.
•In some ways, cyber language can be perceived as providing a serious
threat to educational standards.
25