This document provides definitions for key terms and people related to the Persian Wars between the Persian Empire and Greek city-states between 499 and 479 BCE. It defines terms like cavalry, ally, Persian Empire, and battles like Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis. It identifies important figures like King Darius, King Xerxes, Themistocles, Miltiades, and King Leonidas and their roles in the conflicts.

1. 200
300
400
500
100
200
300
400
500
100
200
300
400
500
100
200
300
400
500
100
200
300
400
500
100
Terms/
Vocabulary
People Places
Name
That
Battle
Details
From the
Battles

2. Soldiers who ride on horses

3. What is a “cavalry”?

4. A country or a group that joins
with another for a common
purpose, such as to fight against a
common enemy

5. What is an “ally”?

6. At its height in the 400s B.C.E.,
it was the largest empire the
world had ever known, ruling
over land in Africa, the Middle
East, and Asia.

7. What is the “Persian Empire”?

8. This was the name of the conflict
between Persia and the Greek
city-states between 499 and 479
B.C.E.

9. What were the “Persian Wars”?

10. Wealth sent from one country or
ruler to another as a sign that the
other is superior.

11. What is a “tribute”?

12. This king of the Spartans commanded
6000-7000 soldiers to stop the
Persians at Thermopylae; he fought
the final fight with 300 soldiers.

13. Who was “King Leonidas”?

14. He was the son of Darius and
took over as the Persian king
when his father died.

15. Who was “King Xerxes”?

16. A great Persian king who was the king
during the beginning of the Greek-
Persian wars around 499 B.C.E.

17. Who was “King Darius”?

18. An Athenian navy leader who
defeated the Persians at the Battle
of Salamis around 480 B.C.E.

19. Who was “Themistocles”?

20. A Greek general and commander
at the Battle of Marathon around
490 B.C.E. who defeated the
Persians at Marathon.

21. Who was “Miltiades”?

22. Area of Greek settlements in Asia
Minor; Miletus was there and it
was destroyed by the Persians

23. What is “Ionia”?

24. The site where the Athenian navy
fought the Persian navy and had a
decisive win over the Persians.

25. What is “Salamis”?

26. The long, narrow body of water
between Europe and Asia in
present-day Turkey; the Persians
crossed that strait to get to
mainland Greece.

27. What is the “Hellespont”?

28. Greek city-state where the Greek
general, Miltiades, defeated the
Persians around 490 B.C.E.

29. What is “Marathon”?

30. The place, and narrow pass,
where the outnumbered Greeks
held off the Persians for three
days around 480 B.C.E. In the
end King Leonidas and 300 of his
men died holding them off.

31. What is “Thermopylae”?

32. The site of a battle where a
Spartan-lead army of 80,000
soldiers defeated the Persians
ending the Persian wars around
479 B.C.E.

33. What is “Plataea”?

34. This revolt began because the
Greeks didn’t like how the
Persians took their farmland and
harbors, or how they were forced
to serve in the Persian army.

35. What is the “Ionian Revolt”?

36. In this battle the strategy was to
fight the Persians in a narrow
pass which would limit the
number of soldiers the Greeks
would have to fight at one time.

37. What is the “Battle of
Thermopylae”?

38. King Darius and the Persians
fought the Athenians on the
mainland of Greece. The
Spartans did not help in this
battle, yet the Athenians won.

39. What is the “Battle of Marathon”?

40. In this battle, the Persian navy
was tricked into fighting the
Athenian navy in the narrow
channels between the islands and
the mainland.

41. What is the “Battle of Salamis”?

42. King Leonidas fought the
Persians at Thermopylae with
just 6,000 to 7,000 soldiers. The
Persians had this many soldiers.

43. What is “180,000” soldiers?

44. After the defeat at Salamis,
___________ fled with some of
his soldiers, leaving the rest in
Greece with orders to attack the
Greeks again in the spring.

45. Who is “Xerxes”?

46. 300 Persian ships were lost and
only ____ Greek ships.

47. What is “40”?

48. The Persians had to cross this sea
in order to attack Greece.

49. What is the “Aegean Sea”?

50. The Persians started out as a small
tribe in this present-day country.

51. What is “Iran”?