The document discusses aspect-oriented software development. It covers the separation of concerns principle and how concerns can cross-cut a system. An aspect encapsulates cross-cutting functionality and defines where it should be included in a program through pointcuts and advice. Aspect-oriented development supports modeling core functionality and secondary concerns through extensions. It also discusses modeling stakeholder concerns through viewpoints in requirements engineering to identify cross-cutting concerns.
Biomedical engineering work is subjected to stringent regulatory constraints that mandate a robust engineering process that conforms to all pertinent regulatory guidelines and imperatives.
Software development is an important component of any engineering project and as such, it should be equally addressed and properly integrated with the overall engineering process. To that effect, the following software development process is proposed. This process attempts to be well grounded in the nature of innovative Biomedical engineering work. There are inherent significant technology risks related to the development of innovative biomedical devices. These risks must be correctly identified, and mitigated throughout the entire engineering process. The main benefit of the software development process presented here is its explicit management of software risk factors as recommended by modern successful software development practices.
this pdf file includes software development life cycle, requirement analysis and specification, project management, design, coding, testing, maintenance and quality reuse and case tools.
Biomedical engineering work is subjected to stringent regulatory constraints that mandate a robust engineering process that conforms to all pertinent regulatory guidelines and imperatives.
Software development is an important component of any engineering project and as such, it should be equally addressed and properly integrated with the overall engineering process. To that effect, the following software development process is proposed. This process attempts to be well grounded in the nature of innovative Biomedical engineering work. There are inherent significant technology risks related to the development of innovative biomedical devices. These risks must be correctly identified, and mitigated throughout the entire engineering process. The main benefit of the software development process presented here is its explicit management of software risk factors as recommended by modern successful software development practices.
this pdf file includes software development life cycle, requirement analysis and specification, project management, design, coding, testing, maintenance and quality reuse and case tools.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
2. Topics covered
The separation of concerns
Aspects, join points and pointcuts
Software engineering with aspects
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
3. Aspect-oriented software development
An approach to software development based around a
relatively new type of abstraction - an aspect.
Used in conjunction with other approaches - normally object-
oriented software engineering.
Aspects encapsulate functionality that cross-cuts and co-
exists with other functionality.
Aspects include a definition of where they should be included
in a program as well as code implementing the cross-cutting
concern.
3
Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
4. The separation of concerns
The principle of separation of concerns states that software
should be organised so that each program element does one
thing and one thing only.
Each program element should therefore be understandable
without reference to other elements.
Program abstractions (subroutines, procedures, objects, etc.)
support the separation of concerns.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
5. Concerns
Concerns are not program issues but reflect the system
requirements and the priorities of the system stakeholders.
Examples of concerns are performance, security, specific functionality,
etc.
By reflecting the separation of concerns in a program, there is
clear traceability from requirements to implementation.
Core concerns are the functional concerns that relate to the
primary purpose of a system; secondary concerns are
functional concerns that reflect non-functional and QoS
requirements.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
6. Stakeholder concerns
Functional concerns which are related to specific functionality to be
included in a system.
Quality of service concerns which are related to the non-functional
behaviour of a system.
Policy concerns which are related to the overall policies that govern
the use of the system.
System concerns which are related to attributes of the system as a
whole such as its maintainability or its configurability.
Organisational concerns which are related to organisational goals and
priorities such as producing a system within budget, making use of
existing software assets or maintaining the reputation of an
organisation.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
7. Cross-cutting concerns
Cross-cutting concerns are concerns whose implementation
cuts across a number of program components.
This results in problems when changes to the concern have to
be made - the code to be changed is not localised but is in
different places across the system.
Cross cutting concerns lead to tangling and scattering.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
9. Tangling of buffer management and synchronization
code
synchronized void put (SensorRecord rec )
{
// Check that there is space in the buffer; wait if not
if ( numberOfEntries == bufsize)
wait () ;
// Add record at end of buffer
store [back] = new SensorRecord (rec.sensorId,
rec.sensorVal) ;
back = back + 1 ;
// If at end of buffer, next entry is at the beginning
if (back == bufsize)
back = 0 ;
numberOfEntries = numberOfEntries + 1 ;
// indicate that buffer is available
notify () ;
} // put
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
11. Aspects, join points and pointcuts
An aspect is an abstraction which implements a concern. It
includes information where it should be included in a program.
A join point is a place in a program where an aspect may be
included (woven).
A pointcut defines where (at which join points) the aspect will
be included in the program.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
12. Terminology used in aspect-oriented software
engineering
Term Definition
advice The code implementing a concern.
aspect A program abstraction that defines a cross-cutting
concern. It includes the definition of a pointcut and the
advice associated with that concern.
join point An event in an executing program where the advice
associated with an aspect may be executed.
join point model The set of events that may be referenced in a pointcut.
pointcut A statement, included in an aspect, that defines the join
points where the associated aspect advice should be
executed.
weaving The incorporation of advice code at the specified join
points by an aspect weaver.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
13. An authentication aspect
aspect authentication
{
before: call (public void update* (..)) // this is a pointcut
{
// this is the advice that should be executed when woven into
// the executing system
int tries = 0 ;
string userPassword = Password.Get ( tries ) ;
while (tries < 3 && userPassword != thisUser.password ( ) )
{
// allow 3 tries to get the password right
tries = tries + 1 ;
userPassword = Password.Get ( tries ) ;
}
if (userPassword != thisUser.password ( )) then
//if password wrong, assume user has forgotten to logout
System.Logout (thisUser.uid) ;
}
} // authentication
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
14. AspectJ - join point model
Call events
Calls to a method or constructor
Execution events
Execution of a method or constructor
Initialisation events
Class or object initialisation
Data events
Accessing or updating a field
Exception events
The handling of an exception
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
15. Pointcuts
Identifies the specific events with which advice should be
associated.
Examples of contexts where advice can be woven into a
program
Before the execution of a specific method
After the normal or exceptional return from a method
When a field in an object is modified
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
16. Aspect weaving
Aspect weavers process source code and weave the aspects
into the program at the specified pointcuts.
Three approaches to aspect weaving
Source code pre-processing
Link-time weaving
Dynamic, execution-time weaving
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
18. Software engineering with aspects
Aspects were introduced as a programming concept but, as
the notion of concerns comes from requirements, an aspect
oriented approach can be adopted at all stages in the system
development process.
The architecture of an aspect-oriented system is based
around a core system plus extensions.
The core system implements the primary concerns.
Extensions implement secondary and cross-cutting concerns.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
19. Core system with extensions
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
20. Types of extension
Secondary functional extensions
Add extra functional capabilities to the core system
Policy extensions
Add functional capabilities to support an organisational policy such as
security
QoS extensions
Add functional capabilities to help attain quality of service requirements
Infrastructure extensions
Add functional capabilities to support the implementation of the system
on some platform
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
21. Key points
Aspect-oriented approach to software development supports the
separation of concerns. By representing cross-cutting concerns as
aspects, individual concerns can be understood, reused and modified
without changing other parts of the program.
Tangling occurs when a module in a system includes code that
implements different system requirements. Scattering occurs when the
implementation of a concern is scattered across several components.
Aspects include a pointcut that defines where the aspect will be woven
into the program, and advice – the code to implement the cross-cutting
concern. Join points are events that can be referenced in a pointcut.
To ensure the separation of concerns, systems can be designed as a core
system that implements the primary concerns of stakeholders, and a set of
extensions that implement secondary concerns.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
23. Concern-oriented requirements engineering
An approach to requirements engineering that focuses on
customer concerns is consistent with aspect-oriented
software development.
Viewpoints are a way to separate the concerns of different
stakeholders.
Viewpoints represent the requirements of related groups of
stakeholders.
Cross-cutting concerns are concerns that are identified by all
viewpoints.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
25. Viewpoints on an equipment inventory system
1. Emergency service users
1.1 Find a specified type of equipment (e.g., heavy lifting gear)
1.2 View equipment available in a specified store
1.3 Check-out equipment
1.4 Check-in equipment
1.5 Arrange equipment to be transported to emergency
1.6 Submit damage report
1.7 Find store close to emergency
2. Emergency planners
2.1 Find a specified type of equipment
2.2 View equipment available in a specified location
2.3 Check-in/cCheck out equipment from a store
2.4 Move equipment from one store to another
2.6 Order new equipment
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
26. Viewpoints on an equipment inventory system
3. Maintenance staff
3.1 Check -in/cCheck -out equipment for maintenance
3.2 View equipment available at each store
3.3 Find a specified type of equipment
3.4 View maintenance schedule for an equipment item
3.5 Complete maintenance record for an equipment item
3.6 Show all items in a store requiring maintenance
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
27. Availability-related requirements for the equipment
inventory system
AV.1 There shall be a ‘hot standby’ system available in a location that is
geographically well-separated from the principal system.
Rationale: The emergency may affect the principal location of the system.
AV.1.1 All transactions shall be logged at the site of the principal system and
at the remote standby site.
Rationale: This allows these transactions to be replayed and the system
databases made consistent.
AV.1.2 The system shall send status information to the emergency control
room system every five minutes.
Rationale: The operators of the control room system can switch to the hot
standby if the principal system is unavailable.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
28. Inventory system - core requirements
C.1 The system shall allow authorised users to view the
description of any item of equipment in the emergency
services inventory.
C.2 The system shall include a search facility to allow
authorised users to search either individual inventories or the
complete inventory for a specific item or type of equipment.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
29. Inventory system - extension requirements
E1.1 It shall be possible for authorised users to place orders
with accredited suppliers for replacement items of equipment.
E1.1.1 When an item of equipment is ordered, it should be
allocated to a specific inventory and flagged in that inventory
as ‘on order’.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
30. Aspect-oriented design/programming
Aspect-oriented design
The process of designing a system that makes use of aspects to
implement the cross-cutting concerns and extensions that are
identified during the requirements engineering process.
Aspect-oriented programming
The implementation of an aspect-oriented design using an aspect-
oriented programming language such as AspectJ.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
31. Use-cases
A use-case approach can serve as a basis for aspect-oriented
software engineering.
Each use case represents an aspect.
Extension use cases naturally fit the core + extensions architectural
model of a system
Jacobsen and Ng develop these ideas of using use-cases by
introducing new concepts such as use-case slices and use
case modules.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
32. Use cases from the inventory management system
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
35. Design activities
Core system design where you design the system
architecture to support the core functionality of the system.
Aspect identification and design Starting with the extensions
identified in the system requirements, you should analyze
these to see if they are aspects in themselves or if they
should be broken down into several aspects.
Composition design At this stage, you analyze the core
system and aspect designs to discover where the aspects
should be composed with the core system. Essentially, you
are identifying the join points in a program at which aspects
will be woven.
Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering 35
36. Design activities
Conflict analysis and resolution Conflicts occur when there is
a pointcut clash with different aspects specifying that they
should be composed at the same point in the program.
Name design is essential to avoid the problem of accidental
pointcuts. These occur when, at some program join point, the
name accidentally matches that in a pointcut pattern. The
advice is therefore unintentionally applied at that point.
Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering 36
37. UML extensions
Expressing an aspect oriented design in the UML requires:
A means of modelling aspects using UML stereotypes.
A means of specifying the join points where the aspect advice is to be
composed with the core system.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
39. Part of a model of an aspect
39
Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
40. Extension statement
In the method viewItem, after the call to the method
getItemInfo, a call to the method displayHistory should be
included to display the maintenance record
Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering 40
41. Verification and validation
The process of demonstrating that a program meets it
specification (verification) and meets the real needs of its
stakeholders (validation)
Like any other systems,aspect-oriented systems can be
tested as black-boxes using the specification to derive the
tests
However, program inspections and ‘white-box’ testing that
relies on the program source code is problematic.
Aspects also introduce additional testing problems
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
42. Program inspection problems
To inspect a program (in a conventional language) effectively,
you should be able to read it from right to left and top to
bottom.
Aspects make this impossible as the program is a web rather
than a sequential document. You can’t tell from the source
code where an aspect will be woven and executed.
Flattening an aspect-oriented program for reading is
practically impossible.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
43. White box testing
The aim of white box testing is to use source code knowledge
to design tests that provide some level of program coverage
e.g. each logical branch in a program should be executed at
least once.
Aspect problems
How can source code knowledge be used to derive tests?
What exactly does test coverage mean?
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
44. Aspect problems
Deriving a program flow graph of a program with aspects is
impossible. It is therefore difficult to design tests
systematically that ensure that all combinations of base code
and aspects are executed.
What does test coverage mean?
Code of each aspect executed once?
Code of each aspect exeucted once at each join point where aspect
woven?
???
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
45. Testing problems with aspects
How should aspects be specified so that tests can be
derived?
How can aspects be tested independently of the base
system?
How can aspect interference be tested?
How can tests be designed so that all join points are executed
and appropriate aspect tests applied?
45
Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering
46. Key points
To identify concerns, you may use a viewpoint-oriented
approach to requirements engineering to elicit stakeholder
requirements and to identify cross-cutting quality of service
and policy concerns.
The transition from requirements to design can be made by
identifying use cases, where each use case represents a
stakeholder concern.
The problems of inspecting and deriving tests for aspect-
oriented programs are a significant barrier to the adoption of
aspect-oriented software development in large software
projects.
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Chapter 21 Aspect-oriented software engineering