2. 10-1: Certainty, Present Timemodal+ simple verb Where is Sarah today? She is at home. She mustbe at home. She maybe at home. She mightbe at home. She couldbe at home. 100% sure probably, most likely I don’t know, I’m guessing
3. 10-1: 100%, probably, guess Chad mightbe home by now. guess Phil mustbe home now. probably, most likely Mr. Brown is at home now. 100% sure Lily mustknow the answer to this question. probably, most likely You mayremember me from high school. guess We couldbe related! guess
4. 10-2: Certainty, Present Negative modal + not+ simple verb Where is Sarah? She isn’t at home. She couldn’tbe at home. She can’tbe at home. She must notbe at home. She may notbe at home. She might notbe at home. 100% sure That’s impossible! Best guess Possibility
5. 10-3: Certainty, Past Time modal + have + past participle+ noun/adj. Where was Sarah? She wasat home. She must have beenat home. She may have beenat home. She might have beenat home. She could have beenat home. 100% sure probably, most likely I don’t know, I’m guessing
6. 10-3: Certainty, Past Negativemodal + not + have + past participle + noun/adj. Where was Sarah? She wasn’tat home. She couldn’thave beenat home. She can’t have beenat home. She must nothave beenat home. She may nothave beenat home. She might nothave beenat home. 100% sure That’s impossible! Best guess Possibility
7. 10-3: Practice Write a sentence that describes the given sentences: The little boy is crying. His knees are scraped and bleeding. Someone called, but I don’t know who it was. Maybe it was Alice, but I’m not sure. I’ve lost track of my old friend from high school. Maybe she moved away. Maybe she got married and has a different last name.
8. 10-3: Practice Write a sentence that describes the given sentences: The little boy is crying. His knees are scraped and bleeding. He must have fallen down. Someone called, but I don’t know who it was. Maybe it was Alice, but I’m not sure. It may have been Alice. I’ve lost track of my old friend from high school. Maybe she moved away. Maybe she got married and has a different last name. She could have moved away.
9. 10-4: Certainty, Future Time 100% SURE 90% SURE 50% SURE or less Is John going to be at the party tomorrow? He willbe at the party. He shouldbe at the party. He maybe at the party. He mightbe at the party. He couldbe at the party.
10. 10-4 Practice Situation: The students are taking a two-page quiz. There are five minutes left for the quiz. Who will finish the quiz? Information: The last two questions on Ron’s paper are still blank. Sarah is working on the last question. Wendy is still working on the first page of the quiz. _______won’t finish the quiz. _______ might finish the quiz. _______ should finish the quiz. Wendy ron Sarah
11. 10-4 Practice Situation: We are at the airport in Chicago. Whose flight will arrive on time? Information: Alice’s plane left on time and has had no problems in the air. Kay’s plane had a mechanical problem and left an hour late. Jack’s plane left fifteen minutes late, but a strong tail wind helped the plane go faster. _______should arrive on time. _______ won’t arrive on time. _______ might arrive on time Alice Kay jack
12. 10-5: Progressive form, PRESENT modal + BE + VERB-ing A: Call Phil. He’s at work right now. B: Let’s email him instead. He could beworking on something important at the moment. Or maybe he’s with a client. A: Listen, I just heard that Mr. M isn’t going to be our teacher anymore. He has joined the military. B: You must bekidding! That can’t be true.
13. 10-5: Progressive form, PAST modal + have been + VERB-ing A: Sara told me that she had won the lottery, and so she invited us all to dinner at Henri’s French restaurant. B: Oh, she must have beenkidding when she said that. She never plays the lottery! Joe looked really sleepy when he came to the door. I’m not sure, but he could have beentaking a nap when I arrived.
14. 10-6: Ability, Can & Could She can draw. When I was a child, I could draw. What modal is used in #1? What verb follows it? What modal is used in #2? What verb follows it? Which sentence describes a current ability? Which sentence describes a past ability?
15. 10-6: Practice Ask your neighbor these questions: What can you do that not many people can do? What is something you could do as a child that you can’t do now? Now let’s review…
16. 1) could – past ability2) could – to ask permission Could you sing when you were a kid? 1) could – past Could I borrow your pen? 2) could – to ask permission Could you take a picture for us? 2) could – to ask permission Could your father run 20 miles? 1) could – past Could you open the door? 2) could – to ask permission
17. 10-7: WouldHabitual Past Actions When I was a child, my parents would take me to the beach every weekend. Pablo would play basketball everyday afterschool when he was a teenager. My friend used to live in Uzbekistan when she was in college. Her father used to have a successful business. Which sentences express a habitual action in the past? Which sentences express a situation that existed in the past?
18. 10-8: Would ratherTo Express Preference A: Let’s go to Mike’s party! B: I would ratherstay at home. B: I would rathernotgo to his party. (negative) B: I would ratherhavegone to Mike’s party. (past) B: I would ratherbepartying at Mike’s house than staying at home. (progressive) How many choices are there? What does B prefer to do? Practice: Would you rather be beautiful and not smart or ugly and very smart? Why?
19. 10-9 Modals + Phrasal Modals Khaled: Are you still sick? Saud: Yes, but I will be able to go to school tomorrow. Saud: No, I still feel really sick. I am not going to be able to go to work tomorrow. What modals do you see in Saud’s first response? modal + phrasal modal + base verb What modals do you see in Saud’s second response? phrasal modal + phrasal modal + base verb modal + modal+ base verb
