This document provides information about file management and file operations in C programming. It defines what a file is as a collection of stored data or information. It describes two main types of files - text files and binary files. It outlines the need for files to preserve data even after a program terminates. It then explains various file operations in C like opening, reading, writing, and closing files using functions like fopen(), fclose(), fprintf(), fscanf(), etc. It also discusses sequential and random access files and functions used for random access like fseek(), ftell(), and rewind().

1. FILE MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMMING IN C
SUBMITTED BY,
MS. K. BANUPRIYA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
BON SECOURS COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, THANJAVUR.

2. WHAT IS FILE?
A collection of data (or) Information stores in a system memory is
called file.
Eg: system memory (hard disk)

3. TYPES OF FILE
TEXT FILE
• .txt file
• Contents will be like
alphabets,digits & special
character
• Easily understand by human
being
• It provides less security
BINARY FILE
• .bin file
• Contents will be like(0’s&1’s)
• Easily understandable by
computer
• Its provide better security with
compared to text file

4. o When a program is terminated ; entrie data will be
lost; so, storing in a file will perserve your data even if
the program terminates
o You can easily move your data from one computer to
another computer without make.
Why file is required?

5.  Creating a new file
 Opening an existing file
 Reading from the file
 Writing to the file
 Deleting to the file
 Closing the file
File Operation in C

6. fopen() Open a newfile (or) existing file
fclose() Close the file
fprintf() Write the data into the file
fscanf() Read data from the file
fgetc() Reads a character from the file
fputs() Write a character into the file

7. Declaring & opening file
FILE * fptr; declaration of file
fptr= fopen (“Filename”,”Mode”);
r - open the file reading only
w - open the file for writing only
Type of mode of file in c:

8. Declaring of file
FILE * P1,*P2;
P1=fopen(“data”,”r”);
P2=fopen(“result”,”w”);

9. Fprintf() & fscanf() function
#include <stdio.h>
Void main()
{
FILE*f;
f= fopen(“f1.txt”,”w”);
Fprintf(f,”Welcome”);
Fclose(f);
}

10. Reading file fscanf() function
#include <stdio.h>
Void main()
{
FILE*f;
Char buff [255];
f=fopen(“f1.txt”,”r”);
While (fscanf (f,”%s”,buff)1=EOF)
{
Printf(“%s”,buff);
}
fclose(f);
}
Output:
Welcome

11. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
Void main()
int age;
char name[20];
clrscr();
printf(“enter the name & age:”);
Scanf(“%sn”,&name);
Scanf(“%dn”,&age);
fp = fopen(“Demo.txt”,”w”);
fprintf(fp,”name:%sn age:%d”,name ,age);
fclose(fp);
getch();
}
Output:
Enter the name & age : Abi
23

12. TYPE OF FILE PROCESSING:
Data can be accessed in file there are 2 ways to access the
data in file.
Sequential Access file
Random Access file
SEQUENTIAL ACCESS FILE RANDOM ACCESS FILE
Data stored and retrieved in a
sequential manner
Data stored and retrieved in a random
manner
eg:
sample.txt
Apple
eg:
sample.bin
101101DAF11C
1111110000B

13. The functions are used for random access file processing:
fseek() – file seeking
ftell() – file position
rewind() – go to f
fseek() It is used for seeking the pointer
position the file at the sequential type
ftell()
 This function return the value of
the current pointer position
 The value is count from the
beginning of the file.
rewind()
This function is used to move the
file pointer to the beginning of the
given file

14. Thank You