CBA Project Proposal Topic1. The project is a cost-benefit anal

CBA Project Proposal/ Topic
1. The project is a cost-benefit analysis of a project that is of
interest to you. See paper submission guide. Sample CBA
Projects are posted under “Files.” You may propose three
possible topics with the first topic on the list as your preferred
topic. Add two sentences which briefly explains what you
intend to do for your project.
Remember that the topic should impact a group of individuals
(social impacts), not a personal/family or company/industry
project. I strongly suggest that you
do a preliminary search on information regarding your
topic to make sure that information/ data is available and start
working on your paper as soon as possible. You want
quantitative data.
Previous Student Topics. See posted examples in CANVAS
under Files – “SAMPLE CBA PROJECTS” folder.
· A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Smoking Cessation: Madison
County Perspective
· Gambling: A Cost-Benefit Analysis
· CBA of Constructing a Library
· CBA of Recycling in Huntsville
· CBA of Artificial Reef Project
· A Cost Benefit Analysis of a Permanent Lighting System for a
Small Community Recreational Center in Harford County
Maryland
· Cost Benefit Analysis U.S. Household Residential Lighting:
Incandescent versus LED
· Energy Efficiency in the Home with ENERGY STAR
Products:
A Cost Benefit Analysis for Alabama
· A CBA Analysis of Implementing a Hydrogen Infrastructure

for Vehicle Transport
· A CBA of a New Commuter Rail System for the Atlanta
Georgia Suburbs
· Willingness to Pay for a Park
· Airline Cell Phone Costs: CBA
· Construction of a Community Swimming Pool: A Cost-Benefit
Analysis
· The Choice of Immunization: A Cost-Benefit Analysis
· Cost Benefit Analysis of Florida’s Proposed High Speed Rail
System
· CBA of Alabama State Funded Lottery
· CBA of Legalizing Medical Marijuana
· CBA of Upgrading to LED Street Lights
· Construction Project of an Aerial Gondola between Rosslyn
And Georgetown: a CBA
· Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Proposed Additional Nature Trail
Connecting Chancellor’s Run
· Cost Benefit Analysis: Barnes Boulevard Widening Project
· A CBA of the Hyperloop as a New Mode of Transportation in
California
· A Cost Benefit Analysis of Bringing Uber to Huntsville
· Solar Street Light Conversion: A Cost Benefit Analysis
· CBA of a Shortened Full-time Work Week
· CBA for a Dog Park
· A Cost Benefit Analysis of Constructing a Community Garden
· Cost Benefit Analysis of the Construction of a Parking Garage
in The Vicinity of Major Naval Shipyard
· Cost Benefit Analysis: Oklahoma City Northwest Multimodal
Transportation Corridor
· Cost Benefit Analysis of a Telework Program for Federal
Employees within Huntsville, AL
· Cost-Benefit Analysis of $15 Minimum Wage in Florida
· Cost-Benefit Analysis of a Human Mission to Mars
· A Cost Benefit Analysis of the Construction Project of a
Playground for Local Community

Structure - please ensure it is in APA format and times new
roman font.
https://citetotal.com/writing-guides/how-to-write-a-capstone-
project/#:~:text=They%20are%20designed%20around%20a,elem
ents%20of%20every%20capstone%20project.
Capstone projects usually follow a specific structure:
· Abstract. Although it is located at the beginning of the written
project, the abstract should be written last. It is a summary of
the entire study; you can approach it as soon as you are sure
that every other part is complete. Do not confuse the abstract
with the introduction of the paper—abstracts contain enough
information to interest the reader in the entire project. Thus,
they must capture the essence and relay main concepts,
hypotheses, research methods, and findings.
· Introduction. In this section, you will acquaint your readers
with the topic you have selected. Sometimes, an introduction is
split into multiple smaller categories such as “Purpose of the
Paper” or “Research Questions,” but they can be located in this
part since they present the topic. Here, you should introduce the
issue and connect it to your sphere of academic knowledge or
course. In addition, you may discuss why this research problem
is significant. Next, list the formulated research questions or
hypotheses that will guide the investigation. State the objectives
that you wish to achieve with the help of this project. Finally, if
it is required, include a thesis that succinctly describes the aims
and beliefs of the capstone project.
·
· Literature Review. A review of the existing literature is a vital
component of any research endeavor. Here, you will search for
academic and other reliable sources that are connected to your
topic. These articles, books, trials, and studies will be used as a
foundation for the research. Sources can contain pertinent
findings, discuss well-examined methodologies, present new

ideas, and confirm or refute earlier findings. Docume nt the
results of your search and analyze them; look for gaps in
knowledge. What themes are not explored well or missing
altogether? What should or can be researched in more detail?
You can attempt to fill in these gaps with your findings.
· Methodology. In this section of the project, you will talk
about how your research is to be conducted.
·
· First, describe your research design; it can be qualitative,
quantitative, or mixed (a combination of the two). Each type
also has many subcategories. Choose one, and explain why it
works the best for your topic.
· Next, state your independent and dependent variables if
needed for your selected design. Independent variables are what
you choose to investigate (for example, different training
programs for employees). Dependent variables are affected by
independent ones (for example, employee performance after
training).
· Describe the sample for your project. Who are the
participants, and how many of them are involved? What are the
inclusion and exclusion criteria for research?
· List the materials and tools you used in conducting research.
Here, you can introduce questionnaires, online tests, and other
media created for this project.
· Write about the process of conducting research, discussing all
the major elements of the procedure. What were the participants
asked to perform? How were the results collected?
· Discuss how you analyzed the results, listing measurements,
tests, and calculations. Explain why you chose each method, and
support your selections with previous research
Healthcare Regulations, Readmission, and the Budgets
Paper topic/Hypothesis : how lack of medication regulation and
readmission drive up hospital cost and cause drifts in planned

budgets for hospitals.
Introduction
What we mean when we talk about healthcare policies is a set of
preemptive regulations established to enhance healthcare
delivery. The program addresses many concerns, including but
not limited to; healthcare financing, protracted care, mental
health, and preventative medicine. One of the most pressing
problems in the United States we must solve now is how to
improve healthcare delivery. People have been able to live
healthier and longer lives thanks to increased Medicare
expansion in recent decades. This study intends to investigate
healthcare reform and the policies from different areas of
healthcare inside the United States. This review takes a look at
different diseases, measures of analysis, and studies done in
relation to planning and policies in reflection of mortality rates
and readmission of patients in different hospitals.
Starting review
It has been suggested by Buerhaus et al. (2017) that the quality
of service delivered in private practice differs significantly
from the quality of healthcare provided in hospitals and other
medical institutions. According to the Institute of Medicine,
“almost 100,000 people in the United States die every year due
to preventable medical mistakes made by medical staff, lending
credence to the claims made in this research.” The paper notes
that many mistakes occur due to inappropriate medicine
administration, inaccurate patient identification, or erroneous
surgical location
(Frisina and Neri 2018). Even the smallest medical
blunders would be eliminated if strict protocols were str ictly
adhered to.
A medication policy that promotes interdisciplinary teamwork
was found to be effective in reducing drug-related difficulties.
Pellegrin et al. (2016) found that geriatric patients were less
likely to require hospitalization due to medication-related
complications when hospital pharmacists and community

pharmacists worked together to manage their medications.
Integrating pharmacists into primary care and other community-
based healthcare teams have been proposed by Smith et al.
(2016) to boost practice efficiency, care coordination, patient
outcomes, and the prevention of avoidable adverse medication
events. , being admitted to the hospital when they did not need
to be, etc.
Bucknall et al. (2019) find that patients' preferences on their
medication management should be assessed at the time of
hospital admission, even though patients' perspectives on their
involvement in medication management differ. According to
research, comprehensive medication management (CMM) has
been shown to help clinical pharmacists become more self-
aware of how they might influence drug outcomes
(Walker, 2015). Despite the fact that numerous studies
have demonstrated the critical nature of drug management,
medication mistakes continue to be a major issue in the United
States.
(Jones and Treiber, 2018).
Medication safety can be enhanced in several ways; one such
way is through increased collaboration between healthcare
providers, patients, and community and hospital physicians.
Medication management is only one of many processes that can
benefit from applying the Lean Six Sigma methodology
(Nayar et al., 2016). It can be used to implement
solutions such as identifying and implementing the Nurses'
Rights of medicines (at the right dose, Right medicine, Right
patient, via the right route, and during the right time) to
formalize as well as legitimize caregiver control over through
the administration process and to establish a fair culture
concerning medication surroundings
(Jones & Treiber, 2018).
Measures of analysis
In measuring the hospital administration's success and failures
of policies and procedures, this research is based on the
mortality and readmission rates. According to

Waydhas (2020), mortality rates are the rate of death in
a particular population. Readmission rates are the rate of people
being readmitted to a facility with the same illness, lack of
comprehensive care, and not fully recovering based on services
offered. These two measures of analysis can help determine the
effectiveness of administration planning and policies in offering
health services to such a population.
According to Upadhyay (2019), study follows 98 hospitals in
Washington State from 2012 to 2014 to see if the publicly
available readmission statistics on Hospital Compare affect the
hospitals' bottom lines. The AMI, PN, and HF readmission rates
were compared to revenue per patient, costs per patient, and
operating margin. An examination of 276 hospital-year
observations using hospital-level fixed effects regression
showed a positive correlation between reduced AMI readmission
rates and operational revenues. The cost of running a hospital
also rises when readmission rates are lowered. There may be a
little rise in operating margin due to greater operational
revenues attributable to higher PN readmission rates.
Nonetheless, as readmissions persist, with greater resource use
comes the potential for rising costs, which might eventually eat
into profits (Allen, 2015).
Reducing avoidable hospital readmissions is promoted as a
quality indicator and a cost-cutting strategy (O'Connor, 2021).
The Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) was
launched in 2012 as part of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
Hospitals with 30-day readmission rates for heart attack, heart
failure, or pneumonia greater than planned are subject to
financial penalties under this program (Upadhyay, 2019).
Although some trauma patients survive hospitalization, most of
those who die do so while receiving emergency or intensive care
(ICU). Yet many people do not make it past the initial hospital
stay, even after being released from the intensive care unit.
Initial impressions can label these incidents as "failure to
rescue" victims who could have been saved. There is some

speculation that a low incidence of this phenomenon in
intensive care units and surgical wards indicates high-quality
trauma care.
Therefore, the first step in recognizing inefficiencies of this
kind and developing corrective policies is the identification and
measurement of inappropriate treatment (Park et al., 2017).
Consider the importance of assigning a monetary value to the
health benefits of a treatment to ascertain whether or not the
action in question is suitable and cost-effective.
Conclusions
Upadhyay's (2019) results showed that a medical condition's
mortality and readmission rates varied, indicating that the
quality of care also varied. Admin policy and practices play a
crucial role in ensuring that the utmost is gained from the
decisions made, not resulting in increased mortality and
readmission rates. Improving care safety and health outcomes
for patients requires looking at how we treat them while they
are in the hospital, preparing them for life after discharge, and
supporting them in the community once they return home.

Reference
Alper, E., O'Malley, T. A., Greenwald, J., Aronson, M. D., &
Park, L. (2017). Hospital discharge and readmission. UpToDate.
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American College of Clinical Pharmacy, McBane, S. E., Dopp,
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Dunn, M., Johnson, M. D., Nigro, S. J., Rothrock-Christian, T.,
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https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.1563
Bucknall, T., Digby, R., Fossum, M., Hutchinson, A. M.,
Considine, J., Dunning, T., Hughes, L., Weir-Phyland, J., &
Manias, E. (2019). Exploring patient preferences for
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Advanced Nursing, 75(10), 21892199.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14087
Buerhaus, P. I., Skinner, L. E., Auerbach, D. I., & Staiger, D.
O. (2017). Four challenges facing the nursing workforce in the
United States. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 8(2), 40-46.
Frisina Doetter, L., & Neri, S. (2018). Redefining the state in
health care policy in Italy and the United States. European
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Cylus, J., Papanicolas, I., Smith, P. C., & World Health
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