the case study on water leakage and restoration has been discussed here

1. 2. RECOMMONDATIONS

2. Treatment to avoid seepage in the basement
by providing seepage water sump.

5.  Treatment to avoid seepage in the basement by providing seepage water sump.
The seepage water sump generally provided to decrease the seepage pressure. Seepage pressure
is the main cause of bouncy effect or uplift of subbase/grade slab. Following are the procedure
to provide the seepage water sump. Seepage water sump may of rectangular or circular in shape.
Procedure for round type of sump.
• Excavate the square trench of size 2.5×2.5×2.5m in identified location (specifically the location
at higher pore pressure).
• Spread the 25mm aggregate at the bottom with a depth of 300mm and pour the sand over it and
level the surface.

6. • Pour the lean mix of 1:4:8 concrete with a thick ness of 100mm over the levelled surface.
• Place the precast ring of size 2m diameter and height of 150mm and thickness of 75mm to
100mm with weep holes.
• Place the ring one above the other as shown in fig.
• Fill the coarse sands and 20 mm aggregate with 1:2 ratio around the ring
• Provide proper chamber cover (precast slab) over the sump
• Provide sensor controlled submersible pump in the sump to pump-out the seepage water after
stored to specified depth.

7. 2.1Treatment for cracked and uplifted floor in
the location.

8. View of cracked and uplifted floor in the location.

10. 2.2 Treatment for Leakage/dampness/damp
patches/peeling of paint in RC members.

11. View of Leakage/dampness/damp patches/peeling of paint in RC members

13.  Treatment for Leakage/dampness/damp patches/peeling of paint in RC members.
• Existing concrete surface to be cleaned thoroughly to remove dust particles by air & water jet.
• 12 mm dia 75mm deep holes shall be drilled at 1000mm c/c spacing as in the damped areas to
fix grouting nozzles.
• 10 mm dia PVC/TEFLON nozzles/packers shall be fixed into the drilled holes using anchor
grout as per specification.
• Pressure grouting with low viscosity, elastic, solvent free, polyurethane resin grouting shall be
carried out until refusal is reached under a pressure not less than 3- 4kg/cm2.
• The grouting shall be carried out from bottom to top and alternate holes shall be grouted at a
time.
• Projected nozzles shall be cut in flush with the adjacent concrete surface.

14. 2.3 Treatment for Crack in RC Member

15. View of crack in RC members

16.  Treatment for crack in RC members. (RC Slab and Retaining wall)
• Existing concrete surface to be cleaned thoroughly to remove dust particles by air & water jet.
• ‘U’ Grove shall be made along the crack and cleaned with air and water jet.
• 12 mm dia 50mm deep holes shall be drilled at 250mm c/c spacing as indicated in sketch to
fix grouting nozzles.
• 10 mm dia PVC/TEFLON nozzles/packers shall be fixed into the drilled holes using anchor
grout as per specification.
• Cleaned ‘U’ grooves along cracks shall be sealed with epoxy putty/mortar.
• Pressure grouting with low viscosity epoxy/monomer shall be carried out until refusal is
reached under a pressure not less than 3- 4kg/cm2.

18. 2.4 View of separation cracks between
masonry walls and RC members

19. View of separation cracks between masonry walls and RC members

20.  Treatment for separation cracks between masonry walls and RC members.
• Plaster in this region about 20mm on either side of the crack to be removed and
loose particles shall be cleaned using wire brush.
• ‘U’ groove of 12 mm wide 6 mm deep shall be made all along the crack at the
interface of masonry wall and RC member junction and cleaned.
• The Groove shall be filled with flexible sealant like Tacksel / Polysulphate sealant
/ silicon sealant or any other equivalent.

22. 2.5 Treatment for Cracks in Masonry walls.

23. View of cracks in Masonry walls.

24.  Treatment for cracks in Masonry walls.
• Existing plaster along the crack shall be removed on either side of the crack for a
width of about 300 mm (on either side of the wall) and cleaned.
• Mortar joints along the crack shall be deep raked and filled with cement mortar.
• Weld mesh of size 50 x 50 x 3 mm shall be fabricated and fixed across the crack
using ‘U’ nails.
• Re-plastering the region with CM 1:4 as per standard practice.

26. 2.6 Treatment for Dampness/deteriorated
plaster in masonry walls.

27. View of dampness/deteriorated plaster in masonry walls

28.  Treatment for dampness/deteriorated plaster in masonry walls
• The deteriorated /debonded plaster on masonry walls & RC Members shall be
totally removed by gentle chipping.
• The mortar joints in walls shall be deep raked and repointed with C M 1:3 as per
standard practice followed by replastering in CM 1:4 mixed with water proofing
plasticizer.

30. 2.7 Treatment for WPC by Polyurethane
coating

31. View of damaged WPC by Polyurethane coating

32. Treatment for WPC by Polyurethane coating.
• The existing roof slab shall be cleaned using wire brush followed by air and water jet.
• Existing cracks in WPC shall be filled with crack sealant after making “U” groove all around
the crack.
• Existing cavity/voids in WPC should be filled with polymer modified mortar and finished in
flush with the adjacent surface.
• Polyurethane based liquid waterproofing coating shall be provided over the cleaned surface as
per manufacturer’s specifications enduring adequate slope for effective disposal of rainwater
and cured.

34. Provision of Saucer drain along the length of
retaining wall

36. Provision of Saucer drain along the length of retaining wall
• This drain system is effective in drain the seep water from retaining wall. This type of drains
are preferred where the seepage is uncontrolled by the grouting treatment. The pressure has to
be released by allowing the seepage flow.
• The saucer drain is provided in some location in the lower basement but provision is not made
to connect to drainage chamber. Refer the drawing and detail of saucer drain and connect it to
nearby chamber.

37. Treatment for expansion joint in the (fresh
and hardened concrete) flooring.

38.  Treatment for expansion joint in the (fresh and hardened concrete) flooring.
The cracks will be developed due to thermal stresses induced in the flooring due to the non-
provision of expansion joint. The floor concrete to be done panel by panel with distinct
separation generally called as expansion joint by using elastic material. Following are the
procedure to be followed.
 Case. I. Providing of Expansion joint prior to the concrete pour.
• Mark the rectangular panel size of 2mX3m.
• Prepare the shuttering arrangement by using ISMC or runners.
• Place the rubber/neoprene /bitumen/mastic pad of 5to10 mm thickness and depth equal to depth
of concrete to be poured over the panel marking.
• Pour the concrete in the panel and compact it by using vibrators.

39. • Provide the proper slope on surface using float.
• Cut excess projection of pad above the surface.
 Case.II. Providing expansion joint in hardened concrete.
• Mark the panel over the hardened floor and Cut the groove of 5 to 10 mm width and depth of
half to one inch (25mm) by groove cut machine.
• Remove the particle and dust in the groove by scoops and blowers.
• Insert the baker /neoprene rod of 5 to 10 mm in the groove and press it till 05mm gap available
above it.
• Provide Polysulphate /polyurethane sealant (Nitoseal PU 40 /sika 106711 self levelling sealant
or equivalent) in the gap over the baker/neoprene rod and wipe it by straight edge.
• Allow some time for sealant to set after it laid (refer manufacturer’s instructions).

40. Case. I. Providing of Expansion joint prior to the concrete pour.

41. Case. I. Providing of Expansion joint in the hardened concrete.