- Carnegie secured his first investment opportunity when his boss, Mr. Scott, told him about the chance to buy 10 shares of Adams Express stock for $500. With his mother's help in securing a loan using their house as collateral, Carnegie was able to make the purchase.
- Carnegie received his first dividend check for $10, which gave him revenue from capital he had not earned through labor. He was excited by this, realizing it was his "goose that lays the golden eggs."
- This first small success inspired Carnegie and his friends to continue looking for investment opportunities where they could all participate. It marked the beginning of Carnegie's career pursuing investments.
The document provides context about Victorian England, including details on social classes, currency, and locations mentioned in Great Expectations such as cathedrals and prisons. It examines the lives of the upper, middle, and working classes. The working class often lived in poor conditions and had little access to education. The document also references Pip's opportunity to go to London to study with Mrs. Havisham's help, contrasting it with the lack of opportunities for many working class children of the time.
This document provides biographical details about Abdul Karim, who served as Queen Victoria's Indian attendant and secretary. Some key points:
- Karim was born in India and selected in 1887 to serve Victoria during her Golden Jubilee, gaining her affection.
- Over time, he was promoted to "Munshi" or secretary and taught Victoria Hindi, causing friction with the royal household who were uncomfortable with his rising influence and status.
- Victoria insisted on Karim's presence and honored him with a land grant in India, worrying about his future after her death due to hostility from relatives and staff.
- The close relationship between Victoria and Karim exacerbated tensions, though she dismissed complaints about
This document is the first chapter of the novel "Ragged Dick" by Horatio Alger Jr., which was first published serially in 1867. The chapter introduces the main character, Ragged Dick, a 14-year-old bootblack living on the streets of New York City. It describes his morning routine of waking up in a box on the street and starting his day shining shoes to earn money. It provides details about Dick's ragged clothing and lack of money while highlighting his good humor and work ethic. It also mentions some of Dick's faults like spending money on theaters and gambling. The chapter establishes Dick as a hardworking but flawed protagonist living in poverty in post-Civil War New York City.
Benjamin Franklin Autobiography by Benjamin Franklin. Part of our Liberty Education Series. Free downloads are available. Visit us. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News. GVLN.
The relationship between Queen Victoria and her Indian attendant Abdul Karim was deemed so controversial by Victoria's family that after her death in 1901 they tried to erase all evidence of Karim from royal history. Victoria had become very close with Karim, promoting him to a high position and trusting him as a close confidant. However, Victoria's family and staff disapproved due to racial prejudice and jealousy. After Victoria's death, her son Edward had all letters between Victoria and Karim burned and deported Karim back to India. It was not until a journalist discovered portraits of Karim in 2003 that the full story of Victoria's close relationship with Karim was uncovered through Victoria's Hindustani journals and information from Karim's
This document discusses various events related to oil pipelines and insurance companies. It mentions:
1) A Russian man insuring oil pipelines at a church in Poland on behalf of an unnamed person.
2) A storm in Georgia that broke an oil pipeline, disrupting fuel deliveries.
3) Mario, the main character, advised a woman banker to buy shares in Shell Oil, predicting they would fall in price, allowing another company to acquire them.
This document provides an introduction to Charles Dickens' novel Great Expectations. It summarizes the basic plot of the story, in which the orphan Pip dreams of a better future beyond his upbringing as a blacksmith's apprentice. Pip encounters both Miss Havisham, a jilted bride living in decay, and her adopted daughter Estella. He is also unexpectedly given money by an anonymous benefactor to be educated in London. The document also provides historical context on Dickens' life and the time period, including child labor, debtors' prisons, and the use of penal colonies in Australia. It concludes with potential discussion questions about themes of opportunity, loyalty, and gratitude in the novel.
This document summarizes interviews with three former railroad workers who discuss their careers working for the Union Railroad in western Pennsylvania between the 1940s-1970s. Don Waite worked as a fireman on steam engines from 1950-1958, shoveling coal to power the trains. Jess Powers also worked as a fireman in the 1940s-1950s and later held management roles. Eddie Waruszewski held various roles in Pittsburgh train yards and stations from 1937-1974, including sorting mail and working in reservations. The interviews describe the physical demands of working with steam engines and how jobs changed with the transition to diesel engines in the 1950s. All three took pride in their railroad careers and enjoyed sharing stories about their experiences.
The document provides context about Victorian England, including details on social classes, currency, and locations mentioned in Great Expectations such as cathedrals and prisons. It examines the lives of the upper, middle, and working classes. The working class often lived in poor conditions and had little access to education. The document also references Pip's opportunity to go to London to study with Mrs. Havisham's help, contrasting it with the lack of opportunities for many working class children of the time.
This document provides biographical details about Abdul Karim, who served as Queen Victoria's Indian attendant and secretary. Some key points:
- Karim was born in India and selected in 1887 to serve Victoria during her Golden Jubilee, gaining her affection.
- Over time, he was promoted to "Munshi" or secretary and taught Victoria Hindi, causing friction with the royal household who were uncomfortable with his rising influence and status.
- Victoria insisted on Karim's presence and honored him with a land grant in India, worrying about his future after her death due to hostility from relatives and staff.
- The close relationship between Victoria and Karim exacerbated tensions, though she dismissed complaints about
This document is the first chapter of the novel "Ragged Dick" by Horatio Alger Jr., which was first published serially in 1867. The chapter introduces the main character, Ragged Dick, a 14-year-old bootblack living on the streets of New York City. It describes his morning routine of waking up in a box on the street and starting his day shining shoes to earn money. It provides details about Dick's ragged clothing and lack of money while highlighting his good humor and work ethic. It also mentions some of Dick's faults like spending money on theaters and gambling. The chapter establishes Dick as a hardworking but flawed protagonist living in poverty in post-Civil War New York City.
Benjamin Franklin Autobiography by Benjamin Franklin. Part of our Liberty Education Series. Free downloads are available. Visit us. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News. GVLN.
The relationship between Queen Victoria and her Indian attendant Abdul Karim was deemed so controversial by Victoria's family that after her death in 1901 they tried to erase all evidence of Karim from royal history. Victoria had become very close with Karim, promoting him to a high position and trusting him as a close confidant. However, Victoria's family and staff disapproved due to racial prejudice and jealousy. After Victoria's death, her son Edward had all letters between Victoria and Karim burned and deported Karim back to India. It was not until a journalist discovered portraits of Karim in 2003 that the full story of Victoria's close relationship with Karim was uncovered through Victoria's Hindustani journals and information from Karim's
This document discusses various events related to oil pipelines and insurance companies. It mentions:
1) A Russian man insuring oil pipelines at a church in Poland on behalf of an unnamed person.
2) A storm in Georgia that broke an oil pipeline, disrupting fuel deliveries.
3) Mario, the main character, advised a woman banker to buy shares in Shell Oil, predicting they would fall in price, allowing another company to acquire them.
This document provides an introduction to Charles Dickens' novel Great Expectations. It summarizes the basic plot of the story, in which the orphan Pip dreams of a better future beyond his upbringing as a blacksmith's apprentice. Pip encounters both Miss Havisham, a jilted bride living in decay, and her adopted daughter Estella. He is also unexpectedly given money by an anonymous benefactor to be educated in London. The document also provides historical context on Dickens' life and the time period, including child labor, debtors' prisons, and the use of penal colonies in Australia. It concludes with potential discussion questions about themes of opportunity, loyalty, and gratitude in the novel.
This document summarizes interviews with three former railroad workers who discuss their careers working for the Union Railroad in western Pennsylvania between the 1940s-1970s. Don Waite worked as a fireman on steam engines from 1950-1958, shoveling coal to power the trains. Jess Powers also worked as a fireman in the 1940s-1950s and later held management roles. Eddie Waruszewski held various roles in Pittsburgh train yards and stations from 1937-1974, including sorting mail and working in reservations. The interviews describe the physical demands of working with steam engines and how jobs changed with the transition to diesel engines in the 1950s. All three took pride in their railroad careers and enjoyed sharing stories about their experiences.
After spending three weeks here, our team can happily back both of them up: we’ve met many wonderful people and visited incredible places that are all reachable by foot. In this guide, we’ve tried to present you a selection of the best ones.
Loom and Spindle, a fiction written by Harriet Robinson, offers a first person account of her life as a factory girl in Lowell, Massachusetts in this 1898 work.
The youngest son of a miller inherits only a cat after his father's death. The cat, named Puss in Boots, devises a plan to improve his master's fortunes. Puss tricks the king into believing that rabbits and partridges he catches are gifts from the Marquis of Carabas, who does not exist. Through further trickery, Puss secures lands and a castle for his master, who is then revealed to be the long lost son of a king and marries the princess. Puss is rewarded for his cleverness and loyalty.
Sabrina Ho, radiant in a floor-length white gown offset by a sparkling, custom-designed Chopard tiara and earrings, apparently complied, playing the role of beautiful young debutante with aplomb.
Puss In Boots by Angela Carter tells the story of a ginger tomcat named Puss-in-Boots who becomes the servant of a young cavalry officer. Puss helps his master gain the attention of Signor Panteleone's young wife by staging a rat infestation to divert her chaperone. Posing as rat catchers, Puss and his master gain entry to the house and the lovers are able to spend time together. Later, Puss and another cat plot to murder the husband by sending him tumbling down the stairs, breaking his neck. With the husband dead and chaperone controlled, the young widow takes charge and everyone is satisfied with the new arrangements. The story concludes with P
The story "The Duchess and the Jeweler" by Virginia Woolf reflects the moral decadence of the English aristocracy in the late Victorian era. It describes the interactions between Oliver Bacon, a former street boy who became the richest jeweler in England, and the Duchess of Lambourne, a member of the aristocracy. Both characters represent different social classes but also moral failings. The Duchess cleverly tricks Oliver into buying fake pearls by inviting him to her party, preying on his desire to join the aristocracy despite knowing she cheated him. The story highlights the corruption and lack of ethics among both the aristocracy and the nouveau riche at this time in English history.
The story follows a poor miller's son who inherits only a cat from his deceased father. Through his cleverness and plans, the cat helps his new master secure a marriage to the King's daughter by tricking a dangerous ogre out of his castle and wealth. The cat introduces his master, now known as the Marquis of Carabas, to the King and through continued deception and problem-solving, rises with his master to noble status through marriage into the royal family.
After saving the city, James and his friends were celebrated as heroes with a parade. They were escorted to city hall where the mayor announced a parade in their honor. During the parade, James shared his peach with the children watching, who ate it all. Afterwards, each character became successful in their own way, such as Centipede becoming a vice president and Glow-worm lighting the Statue of Liberty.
This summary provides context and key details from the document in 3 sentences:
The document introduces characters including Rosemary Marlowe, the daughter of the Chief Justice of Bengal, and her friends Emily Linlithgow and Pinkie Bharadwaj. It describes their chance meeting with two tribal men from Purulia named Rakhohori and Sanjana on the banks of the Hooghly River. The girls learn that the men have arranged for a boat to transport Pandit Kalicharan, Pinkie's father, down the Hooghly River and overland to Purulia as part of his research for the new Society of Eastern Letters founded by Rosemary's father to study Indian culture.
Bryson City was originally inhabited by the Cherokee Native Americans from the 17th to 18th centuries. In the 20th century, Bryson City had several passenger train lines running through it that transported both people and goods. One of the main attractions drawing visitors to Bryson City today is riding the historic trains through the Smokey Mountains. A family's 4-day trip from Belmont, NC to Bryson City cost around $332 total, including train tickets, lodging, food, and gas.
The document provides an overview of various aspects of Victorian English society between 1837 and 1901. It describes the complex social hierarchy and class system, with different rules of etiquette for men and women of the upper classes. Entertainment for the upper classes included dances held outdoors, with specific dance protocols. Running households required many servants divided into indoor and outdoor roles. Clothing styles were elaborate and constricting for women. There were many poor occupations like chimney sweeps, rat catchers, and factory workers, who often lived in overcrowded conditions. Transportation was primarily by horse-drawn carriages of varying types.
The document discusses David Cameron and his background. It notes that Cameron came from a wealthy family and attended Eton before going to Oxford University, where he was a member of the elite Bullingdon Club. The document questions how Cameron presents himself as a "man of the people" given his privileged upbringing. It suggests his hiring of former tabloid editor Andy Coulson was aimed at helping Cameron appear more populist.
Deepjyot Singh Baweja's CV provides information about his education and qualifications, projects, work experience, skills, and hobbies. He completed his B.Tech in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from COER Roorkee in 2014 and has work experience as a business analyst at NavsamOnlineRetailIndiaPvt.Ltd since October 2014. His technical skills include basics of MS Office and he enjoys listening to music, playing computer games, and outdoor activities like riding bikes.
Does biomass partitioning differ between plant functional types? Analysis of ...remkoduursma
Presentation for ESA (Baltimore), 2015, "Does biomass partitioning differ between plant functional types? Analysis of a global biomass and allometry database (BAAD)" by Remko Duursma and Daniel Falster
Biomass partitioning, leaf area index, and canopy greenness: the Good, the BA...remkoduursma
Seminar presented to the Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment's weekly seminar series on 28 October 2015. Topics include a global database of plant biomass and allometry, leaf area index at the EucFACE, and canopy greenness as measured with phenocams.
This curriculum vitae summarizes Tejas J. Pandya's work experience and qualifications. Pandya has a Bachelor of Engineering in Instrumentation and Control and over 3 years of experience working as a Deputy Manager for Essar Oil Limited, where he was responsible for Distributed Control Systems (DCS) and Emergency Shutdown Systems (ESD). Currently, Pandya is pursuing higher studies to prepare for the Indian Administrative Services.
Dokumen tersebut membahas penelitian tentang karakteristik kulit ceker ayam yang disamak menggunakan bahan penyamak krom, mimosa, dan ekstrak daun jambu biji. Penelitian ini menganalisis kekuatan tarik, kemuluran, dan kekuatan sobek kulit hasil penyamakan dengan berbagai perlakuan."
RICO is an engineering group that supplies precision machined aluminum and ferrous components to automotive OEMs globally. It has several joint venture companies producing items like clutch assemblies, brake products, and pumps. RICO has multiple facilities across India that do casting, machining, assembly, and R&D. The Dharuhera facility produces over 16 million die cast components annually for customers like Hero Moto and Maruti Suzuki. It uses electric arc furnaces, high pressure die casting machines, and machining centers to produce parts. Quality is ensured through various checks and the production process follows 5S methodology.
El documento proporciona 10 pasos clave para crear una empresa por internet, incluyendo definir objetivos y el cliente tipo, seleccionar productos y analizar costos, contratar una tienda web, decidir entre almacén o tienda física, optimizar plazos de entrega, analizar empresas de paquetería y ofrecer varias formas de pago.
This document provides a history of Sparrows Point in Baltimore County, Maryland from the 1600s to the 1950s. It describes how the land was originally granted and settled by Native Americans and European colonists for farming and hunting. In the late 1800s, the land was purchased to establish the Maryland Steel Company (later Bethlehem Steel) due to its proximity to shipping routes for importing raw materials. The steel mill and company town grew dramatically through the early 20th century, employing thousands, with schools, housing, and other infrastructure for workers and their families. The document highlights some of the economic, social, and labor issues faced by the mill and workers over time, such as accidents, unions, strikes, and later challenges leading to
After spending three weeks here, our team can happily back both of them up: we’ve met many wonderful people and visited incredible places that are all reachable by foot. In this guide, we’ve tried to present you a selection of the best ones.
Loom and Spindle, a fiction written by Harriet Robinson, offers a first person account of her life as a factory girl in Lowell, Massachusetts in this 1898 work.
The youngest son of a miller inherits only a cat after his father's death. The cat, named Puss in Boots, devises a plan to improve his master's fortunes. Puss tricks the king into believing that rabbits and partridges he catches are gifts from the Marquis of Carabas, who does not exist. Through further trickery, Puss secures lands and a castle for his master, who is then revealed to be the long lost son of a king and marries the princess. Puss is rewarded for his cleverness and loyalty.
Sabrina Ho, radiant in a floor-length white gown offset by a sparkling, custom-designed Chopard tiara and earrings, apparently complied, playing the role of beautiful young debutante with aplomb.
Puss In Boots by Angela Carter tells the story of a ginger tomcat named Puss-in-Boots who becomes the servant of a young cavalry officer. Puss helps his master gain the attention of Signor Panteleone's young wife by staging a rat infestation to divert her chaperone. Posing as rat catchers, Puss and his master gain entry to the house and the lovers are able to spend time together. Later, Puss and another cat plot to murder the husband by sending him tumbling down the stairs, breaking his neck. With the husband dead and chaperone controlled, the young widow takes charge and everyone is satisfied with the new arrangements. The story concludes with P
The story "The Duchess and the Jeweler" by Virginia Woolf reflects the moral decadence of the English aristocracy in the late Victorian era. It describes the interactions between Oliver Bacon, a former street boy who became the richest jeweler in England, and the Duchess of Lambourne, a member of the aristocracy. Both characters represent different social classes but also moral failings. The Duchess cleverly tricks Oliver into buying fake pearls by inviting him to her party, preying on his desire to join the aristocracy despite knowing she cheated him. The story highlights the corruption and lack of ethics among both the aristocracy and the nouveau riche at this time in English history.
The story follows a poor miller's son who inherits only a cat from his deceased father. Through his cleverness and plans, the cat helps his new master secure a marriage to the King's daughter by tricking a dangerous ogre out of his castle and wealth. The cat introduces his master, now known as the Marquis of Carabas, to the King and through continued deception and problem-solving, rises with his master to noble status through marriage into the royal family.
After saving the city, James and his friends were celebrated as heroes with a parade. They were escorted to city hall where the mayor announced a parade in their honor. During the parade, James shared his peach with the children watching, who ate it all. Afterwards, each character became successful in their own way, such as Centipede becoming a vice president and Glow-worm lighting the Statue of Liberty.
This summary provides context and key details from the document in 3 sentences:
The document introduces characters including Rosemary Marlowe, the daughter of the Chief Justice of Bengal, and her friends Emily Linlithgow and Pinkie Bharadwaj. It describes their chance meeting with two tribal men from Purulia named Rakhohori and Sanjana on the banks of the Hooghly River. The girls learn that the men have arranged for a boat to transport Pandit Kalicharan, Pinkie's father, down the Hooghly River and overland to Purulia as part of his research for the new Society of Eastern Letters founded by Rosemary's father to study Indian culture.
Bryson City was originally inhabited by the Cherokee Native Americans from the 17th to 18th centuries. In the 20th century, Bryson City had several passenger train lines running through it that transported both people and goods. One of the main attractions drawing visitors to Bryson City today is riding the historic trains through the Smokey Mountains. A family's 4-day trip from Belmont, NC to Bryson City cost around $332 total, including train tickets, lodging, food, and gas.
The document provides an overview of various aspects of Victorian English society between 1837 and 1901. It describes the complex social hierarchy and class system, with different rules of etiquette for men and women of the upper classes. Entertainment for the upper classes included dances held outdoors, with specific dance protocols. Running households required many servants divided into indoor and outdoor roles. Clothing styles were elaborate and constricting for women. There were many poor occupations like chimney sweeps, rat catchers, and factory workers, who often lived in overcrowded conditions. Transportation was primarily by horse-drawn carriages of varying types.
The document discusses David Cameron and his background. It notes that Cameron came from a wealthy family and attended Eton before going to Oxford University, where he was a member of the elite Bullingdon Club. The document questions how Cameron presents himself as a "man of the people" given his privileged upbringing. It suggests his hiring of former tabloid editor Andy Coulson was aimed at helping Cameron appear more populist.
Deepjyot Singh Baweja's CV provides information about his education and qualifications, projects, work experience, skills, and hobbies. He completed his B.Tech in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from COER Roorkee in 2014 and has work experience as a business analyst at NavsamOnlineRetailIndiaPvt.Ltd since October 2014. His technical skills include basics of MS Office and he enjoys listening to music, playing computer games, and outdoor activities like riding bikes.
Does biomass partitioning differ between plant functional types? Analysis of ...remkoduursma
Presentation for ESA (Baltimore), 2015, "Does biomass partitioning differ between plant functional types? Analysis of a global biomass and allometry database (BAAD)" by Remko Duursma and Daniel Falster
Biomass partitioning, leaf area index, and canopy greenness: the Good, the BA...remkoduursma
Seminar presented to the Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment's weekly seminar series on 28 October 2015. Topics include a global database of plant biomass and allometry, leaf area index at the EucFACE, and canopy greenness as measured with phenocams.
This curriculum vitae summarizes Tejas J. Pandya's work experience and qualifications. Pandya has a Bachelor of Engineering in Instrumentation and Control and over 3 years of experience working as a Deputy Manager for Essar Oil Limited, where he was responsible for Distributed Control Systems (DCS) and Emergency Shutdown Systems (ESD). Currently, Pandya is pursuing higher studies to prepare for the Indian Administrative Services.
Dokumen tersebut membahas penelitian tentang karakteristik kulit ceker ayam yang disamak menggunakan bahan penyamak krom, mimosa, dan ekstrak daun jambu biji. Penelitian ini menganalisis kekuatan tarik, kemuluran, dan kekuatan sobek kulit hasil penyamakan dengan berbagai perlakuan."
RICO is an engineering group that supplies precision machined aluminum and ferrous components to automotive OEMs globally. It has several joint venture companies producing items like clutch assemblies, brake products, and pumps. RICO has multiple facilities across India that do casting, machining, assembly, and R&D. The Dharuhera facility produces over 16 million die cast components annually for customers like Hero Moto and Maruti Suzuki. It uses electric arc furnaces, high pressure die casting machines, and machining centers to produce parts. Quality is ensured through various checks and the production process follows 5S methodology.
El documento proporciona 10 pasos clave para crear una empresa por internet, incluyendo definir objetivos y el cliente tipo, seleccionar productos y analizar costos, contratar una tienda web, decidir entre almacén o tienda física, optimizar plazos de entrega, analizar empresas de paquetería y ofrecer varias formas de pago.
This document provides a history of Sparrows Point in Baltimore County, Maryland from the 1600s to the 1950s. It describes how the land was originally granted and settled by Native Americans and European colonists for farming and hunting. In the late 1800s, the land was purchased to establish the Maryland Steel Company (later Bethlehem Steel) due to its proximity to shipping routes for importing raw materials. The steel mill and company town grew dramatically through the early 20th century, employing thousands, with schools, housing, and other infrastructure for workers and their families. The document highlights some of the economic, social, and labor issues faced by the mill and workers over time, such as accidents, unions, strikes, and later challenges leading to
Exploring the History of Edson and AreaKierra McKay
- Tete Jaune was an Iroquois man who worked for the North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, exploring unknown areas of the West.
- The town of Tete Jaune Cache is now abandoned but was located at a major natural crossroads in British Columbia.
- In 1907, Constable Hubert Shand took four and half days to travel 10 miles from a Grand Trunk Pacific survey camp to the McLeod River due to deep snow and muskeg terrain.
Dusty Averages and Honorable Founders2015LGJohn F. Crotty
The document provides context about the founding of an association of average adjusters in New York City in 1879. It summarizes the maritime industry and insurance practices of the late 19th century that led to the formation of the association. It then introduces some of the founding members, including Henry Wade Johnson, Walter Restored Jones, A. Foster Higgins, and Thomas Caldecot Chubb, through biographical details and anecdotes. The document aims to transport the reader back in time to visit the association's original offices and gain perspective on the challenges they faced establishing standards and practices for the emerging profession.
Andrew Carnegie was born in Scotland but immigrated to the United States as a young boy. He worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad and learned about the Bessemer Process for mass producing steel. With this knowledge, Carnegie started his own steel company and became the richest man in the world after selling it in 1901. He donated much of his wealth to charitable causes like building over 1,600 public libraries across America and establishing the Carnegie Endowment to promote world peace.
Writing Historical Fiction: Ability to Weave Recommendeddebbieheal
I explain the research behind my historical young adult trilogy, Time and Again, Unclaimed Legacy, and Every Hill and Mountain. Only after doing the research homework are writers able to smoothly weave facts into fiction ("faction?") so that readers can suspend disbelief and enjoy the story.
The 19th century timeline document summarizes important events and developments between 1850-1910. Some key points include:
- The Bessemer Process was developed in 1850 to remove impurities from molten iron and produce steel more efficiently.
- Andrew Carnegie became a successful industrialist after starting as a telegraph operator for the Pennsylvania Railroad in the 1850s.
- The Homestead Act of 1862 offered free land to citizens, attracting over 600,000 families between 1862-1900.
- The Transcontinental Railroad, completed in 1869, connected the western and eastern halves of the United States with a 1,776 mile railroad line.
- Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, revolutionizing
The document discusses the history and impacts of the transcontinental railroad in the United States. It describes how the railroad connected the eastern and western parts of the country, facilitating travel, trade, and settlement of the West. The railroad was built between 1863-1869 by the Central Pacific and Union Pacific companies, with much of the Central Pacific portion constructed by Chinese immigrant workers. The completion of the transcontinental railroad transformed the US economy and way of life.
Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861 and signed the Pacific Railroad Act in 1862, which directed the construction of the first transcontinental railroad across the United States. The railroad was built between 1863 to 1869 by thousands of Irish, Chinese, and black workers and connected the Union Pacific Railroad in Omaha, Nebraska to the Central Pacific Railroad in Sacramento, California. The completion of the railroad in 1869 transformed the United States by enabling mass migration westward and the growth of towns and cities along the rail line, including Cheyenne, Wyoming and San Francisco, California.
This document summarizes the transformation of the United States from a rural, agricultural nation after the Civil War into a industrialized, urbanized country by the early 20th century. The industrial revolution, powered by new technologies like railroads, steamboats, and factories, dramatically changed the US economy and society. Massive industrial and population growth centered in cities, which became the hubs of manufacturing. By 1900, the US had become the world's leading industrial power and first modern society, though it still retained aspects of its original character.
This document provides an autobiographical account from Mike Olszanski about growing up in the Calumet Region and his early experiences. It describes his father immigrating to the US from Poland and working various jobs to support his family. It details Mike's childhood living in a basement home and going to a Catholic school. It discusses his experiences in high school, including playing football and hanging out with friends cruising and going to dances. It concludes by stating that after high school graduation in 1963, most of Mike's friends went to work at the steel mill, as he had planned to do for a couple years before starting college.
Essay On The Battle Of Vimy Ridge The Birth Of TheDeana Villanueva
The document discusses Pablo Picasso and his role in developing Cubism. It notes that Picasso was born in Spain and was a prodigious artist from a young age. Picasso went on to meet Georges Braque and the two are considered the forefathers of Cubism. The document discusses Picasso's portrait of Manuel Pallares, created during his Cubist period, and how he used oil paint and cross-hatching techniques that were novel at the time.
Oliver Cromwell Hero Or Villain Essay.pdfAmber Lina
Oliver Cromwell: Hero or Villain Free Essay Example. Was Oliver Cromwell a hero or a villain? - A-Level History - Marked by .... Was Oliver Cromwell A Hero Or A Villain? - GCSE English - Marked by .... Oliver Cromwell - Hero or Villain | Teaching Resources. Was Oliver Cromwell a hero or a villain? - GCSE History - Marked by ....
5.2 the development of the american railroadsJonathan Dycus
The development of the transcontinental railroad in the United States was driven by the concept of Manifest Destiny and the desire to connect the eastern and western parts of the country. The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 granted funding and land subsidies to the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads to build the line. These companies engaged in a race to complete as much track as possible, employing various workers including ex-soldiers, immigrants, and using new technologies like dynamite. The Last Spike was driven in 1869 in Promontory, Utah connecting the continental United States by rail for the first time. The railroad transformed the country by facilitating transportation and settlement of the West.
The document summarizes the events of the California Gold Rush that began in 1848. It describes how gold was discovered by James Marshall in California's American River which sparked a major migration to the region by 'forty-niners' seeking to strike it rich. By 1852, over 100,000 prospectors had arrived in California to search for gold along riverbeds and in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains, fueling the rapid growth of San Francisco and other towns.
george eliot and middlemarch
Where shall I be without my Father? It will seem as if a part of my moral nature were gone. I had a horrid vision of myself last night becoming earthly sensual and devilish for want of that purifying restraining influence."Where shall I be without my Father? It will seem as if a part of my moral nature were gone. I had a horrid vision of myself last night becoming earthly sensual and devilish for want of that purifying restraining influence
Some notes on the telegraph companies of the united states their stamps and...scribonia
The document provides a historical overview of the development of the telegraph network in the United States from 1844 to 1896. It discusses Samuel Morse's invention of the telegraph, the founding of early telegraph companies like the Magnetic Telegraph Company, the expansion of telegraph lines between major cities, and the high rates charged in the early days of the telegraph. The summary highlights the key events and challenges in establishing the first telegraph networks in America.
This document provides background information on George Eliot and contextualizes her novel Silas Marner, which was published in 1861. It summarizes that Eliot was born Mary Ann Evans in 1819 in Warwickshire, England. As a young woman, she lost her Christian faith and became a freethinker. In the 1850s, she translated Ludwig Feuerbach's Essence of Christianity and began living and writing under the pen name George Eliot. Silas Marner is set in a rural English community around 1800 during the Industrial Revolution and explores themes of religion, community, and economic change. It also draws from Eliot's humanist philosophy which rejected religious dogma in favor of a natural view of religion as part of
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DECODING THE RISKS - ALCOHOL, TOBACCO & DRUGS.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
Introduction: Substance use education is crucial due to its prevalence and societal impact.
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Prevention Strategies: Education, healthy coping mechanisms, community support, and policies are vital in preventing substance use.
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Seeking Help for Addiction: Recognizing signs, available treatments, support systems, and resources are essential for recovery.
Personal Stories: Real stories of recovery emphasize hope and resilience.
Interactive Q&A: Engage the audience and encourage discussion.
Conclusion: Recap key points and emphasize the importance of awareness, prevention, and seeking help.
Resources: Provide contact information and links for further support.
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This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
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Encourages consistency, variety in exercises, setting realistic goals, and finding enjoyable activities to maintain motivation.
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Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.Vishal kr Thakur
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
Carnegie
1. [From Ch. 6: “Railroad Service.” 1855. Carnegie is twenty years old,
working in Pittsburgh as a clerk and telegraph operator for a
superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad, Thomas Scott.]*
Father’s death threw upon me the management of affairs
to a greater extent than ever. Mother kept on the binding of
shoes; Tom went steadily to the public school; and I continued with Mr. Scott in the service of the
railroad company. Just at this time Fortunatus knocked at our door. Mr. Scott asked me if I had five
hundred dollars. If so, he said he wished to make an investment for me. Five hundred cents was much
nearer my capital. I certainly had not fifty dollars saved for investment, but I was not going to miss the
chance of becoming financially connected with my leader and great man. So I said boldly I thought I
could manage that sum. He then told me that there were ten shares of Adams Express stock that he
could buy, which had belonged to a station agent, Mr. Reynolds, of Wilkinsburg. Of course this was
reported to the head of the family that evening, and she was not long in suggesting what might be
done. When did she ever fail? We had then paid five hundred dollars upon the house, and in some way
she thought this might be pledged as security for a loan.
Marceau/Library of Congress
Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919), in 1913
ANDREW CARNEGIE
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF
ANDREW CARNEGIE
written 1920, published 1933
My mother took the steamer the next morning for East Liverpool, arriving at night, and through
her brother there the money was secured. He was a justice of the peace, a well-known resident of that
then small town, and had numerous sums in hand from farmers for investment. Our house was
mortgaged and mother brought back the five hundred dollars which I handed over to Mr. Scott, who
soon obtained for me the coveted ten shares in return. There was, unexpectedly, an additional hundred
dollars to pay as a premium, but Mr. Scott kindly said I could pay that when convenient, and this of
course was an easy matter to do.
This was my first investment. In those good old days monthly dividends were more plentiful than
now and Adams Express paid a monthly dividend. One morning a white envelope was lying upon my
*
Excerpted, and images added, by the National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park, NC. 2005. Permission pending from Houghton-
Mifflin.
2. desk, addressed in a big John Hancock hand, to “Andrew
Carnegie, Esquire.” “Esquire” tickled the boys and me
inordinately. At one corner was seen the round stamp of
Adams Express Company. I opened the envelope. All it
contained was a check for ten dollars upon the Gold
Exchange Bank of New York. I shall remember that check as
long as I live, and that John Hancock signature of “J. C.
Babcock, Cashier.” It gave me the first penny of revenue
from capital—something that I had not worked for with the
sweat of my brow. “Eureka!” I cried. “Here’s the goose that
lays the golden eggs.”
It was the custom of our party to spend Sunday
afternoons in the woods. I kept the first check and showed it
as we sat under the trees in a favorite grove we had found
near Wood’s Run. The effect produced upon my companions
was overwhelming. None of them had imagined such an
investment possible. We resolved to save and to watch for the next opportunity for investment in
which all of us should share, and for years afterward we divided our trifling investments and worked
together almost as partners.
Carnegie at age 16 with his brother
Thomas, 1851
“Here’s the goose that lays
the golden eggs.”
[From Ch. 9: “Bridge-Building.” 1862. In his thirties, Carnegie forms his first corporations.]
During the Civil War the price of iron went up to something like $130 per ton. Even at that figure it
was not so much a question of money as of delivery. The railway lines of America were fast becoming
dangerous for want of new rails, and this state of affairs led me to organize in 1864 a rail-making
concern at Pittsburgh. There was no difficulty in obtaining partners and capital, and the Superior Rail
Mill and Blast Furnaces were built.
In like manner the demand for locomotives was very great, and with Mr. Thomas N. Miller1
I
organized in 1866 the Pittsburgh Locomotive Works, which has been a prosperous and creditable
concern—locomotives made there having obtained an enviable reputation throughout the United
States. It sounds like a fairy tale to-day to record that in 1906 the one-hundred-dollar shares of this
2
1
Mr. Carnegie had previous to this as early as 1861 been associated with Mr. Miller in the Sun City Forge Company,
doing a small iron business. [Editor’s note in original edition]
3. company sold for three thousand dollars—that is, thirty dollars for one. Large annual dividends had
been paid regularly and the company had been very successful—sufficient proof of the policy: “Make
nothing but the very best.” We never did.
When at Altoona I had seen in the Pennsylvania Railroad Company’s works the first small bridge
built of iron. It proved a success. I saw that it would never do to depend further upon wooden bridges
for permanent railway structures. An important
bridge on the Pennsylvania Railroad had recently
burned and the traffic had been obstructed for eight
days. Iron was the thing. I proposed to H. J.
Linville, who had designed the iron bridge, and to
John L. Piper and his partner, Mr. Schiffler, who
had charge of bridges on the Pennsylvania line, that
they should come to Pittsburgh and I would
organize a company to build iron bridges. It was
the first company of its kind. I asked my friend, Mr.
Scott, of the Pennsylvania Railroad, to go with us
in the venture, which he did. Each of us paid for a
one fifth interest, or $1250. My share I borrowed from the bank. Looking back at it now the sum
seemed very small, but “tall oaks from little acorns grow.”
Library of Congress
Iron railroad bridge constructed in 1870 by the
Keystone Bridge Co., Pennsylvania, ca. 1990
“Iron was the thing.”
[From Ch. 10: “The Iron Works.” 1862.]
It was in 1862 that the great oil wells of Pennsylvania attracted attention. My friend Mr. William
Coleman, whose daughter became, at a later date, my sister-in-law, was deeply interested in the
discovery, and nothing would do but that I should take a trip with him to the oil regions. It was a most
interesting excursion. There had been a rush to the oil fields and the influx was so great that it was
impossible for all to obtain shelter. This, however, to the class of men who flocked thither, was but a
slight drawback. A few hours sufficed to knock up a shanty, and it was surprising in how short a time
they were able to surround themselves with many of the comforts of life. They were men above the
average, men who had saved considerable sums and were able to venture something in the search for
fortune.
What surprised me was the good humor which prevailed everywhere. It was a vast picnic, full of
amusing incidents. Everybody was in high glee; fortunes were supposedly within reach; everything
3
4. was booming. On the tops of the derricks floated flags on which strange mottoes were displayed. I
remember looking down toward the river and seeing two men working their treadles boring for oil
upon the banks of the stream, and inscribed upon their flag was “Hell or China.” They were going
down, no matter how far.
The adaptability of the American was never better displayed than in this region. Order was soon
evolved out of chaos. When we visited the place
not long after we were serenaded by a brass band
the players of which were made up of the new
inhabitants along the creek. It would be safe to
wager that a thousand Americans in a new land
would organize themselves, establish schools,
churches, newspapers, and brass bands—in
short, provide themselves with all the appliances
of civilization—and go ahead developing their
country before an equal number of British would
have discovered who among them was the
highest in hereditary rank and had the best
claims to leadership owing to his grandfather.
There is but one rule among Americans—the tools of those who can use them.
Pa. Hist. & Museum Comm.
Oil Creek Valley, Pennsylvania, 1861
“Everybody was in high glee;
fortunes were supposedly within reach”
To-day Oil Creek is a town of many thousand inhabitants, as is also Titusville at the other end of
the creek. The district which began by furnishing a few barrels of oil every season, gathered with
blankets from the surface of the creek by the Seneca Indians, has now several towns and refineries,
with millions of dollars of capital. . . .
My investments now began to require so much of my personal attention that I resolved to leave
the service of the railway company and devote myself exclusively to my own affairs. I had been
honored a short time before this decision by being called by President Thomson to Philadelphia. He
desired to promote me to the office of assistant general superintendent with headquarters at Altoona
under Mr. Lewis. I declined, telling him that I had decided to give up the railroad service altogether,
that I was determined to make a fortune and I saw no means of doing this honestly at any salary the
railroad company could afford to give, and I would not do it by indirection.
4
5. [From Ch. 11: “New York as Headquarters.” 1867.]
I had lived long enough in Pittsburgh to acquire the
manufacturing, as distinguished from the speculative,
spirit. My knowledge of affairs, derived from my position
as telegraph operator, had enabled me to know the few
Pittsburgh men or firms which then had dealings upon the
New York Stock Exchange, and I watched their careers
with deep interest. To me their operations seemed simply
a species of gambling. I did not then know that the credit
of all these men or firms was seriously impaired by the
knowledge (which it is almost impossible to conceal) that
they were given to speculation. But the firms were then so
few that I could have counted them on the fingers of one
hand. The Oil and Stock Exchanges in Pittsburgh had not
as yet been founded and brokers’ offices with wires in
connection with the stock exchanges of the East were
unnecessary. Pittsburgh was emphatically a
manufacturing town.
I was surprised to find how very different was the
state of affairs in New York. There were few even of the
business men who had not their ventures in Wall Street to a greater or less extent. I was besieged with
inquiries from all quarters in regard to the various railway enterprises with which I was connected.
Offers were made to me by persons who were willing to furnish capital for investment and allow me to
manage it—the supposition being that from the inside view which I was enabled to obtain I could
invest for them successfully. Invitations were extended to me to join parties who intended quietly to
buy up the control of certain properties. In fact the whole speculative field was laid out before me in its
most seductive guise.
Library of Congress
Carnegie residence in New York City, 1903
Carnegie with his wife, sister-in-law,
and daughter, 1911
“I was surprised to find how
very different was the state
of affairs in New York.”
All these allurements I declined. . . . I have never bought or sold a share of stock speculatively in
my life, except one small lot of Pennsylvania Railroad shares that I bought early in life for investment
and for which I did not pay at the time because bankers offered to carry it for me at a low rate. I have
adhered to the rule never to purchase what I did not pay for, and never to sell what I did not own. In
5
6. those early days, however, I had several interests that were taken over in the course of business. They
included some stocks and securities that were quoted on the New York Stock Exchange, and I found
that when I opened my paper in the morning I was tempted
to look first at the quotations of the stock market. As I had
determined to sell all my interests in every outside concern
and concentrate my attention upon our manufacturing
concerns in Pittsburgh, I further resolved not even to own
any stock that was bought and sold upon any stock
exchange. With the exception of trifling amounts which
came to me in various ways I have adhered strictly to this
rule.
Such a course should commend itself to every man in
the manufacturing business and to all professional men. For
the manufacturing man especially the rule would seem all-
important. His mind must be kept calm and free if he is to
decide wisely the problems which are continually coming
before him. Nothing tells in the long run like good judgment,
and no sound judgment can remain with the man whose
mind is disturbed by the mercurial changes of the Stock
Exchange. It places him under an influence akin to
intoxication. What is not, he sees, and what he sees, is not.
He cannot judge of relative values or get the true perspective of things. The molehill seems to him a
mountain and the mountain a molehill, and he jumps at conclusions which he should arrive at by
reason. His mind is upon the stock quotations and not upon the points that require calm thought.
Speculation is a parasite feeding upon values, creating none. . . .
Cornell/Making of America
“On New Street,” in R. Wheatley,
“The New York Stock Exchange,”
Harper’s New Monthly Magazine,
Nov. 1885
“Speculation is a parasite
feeding upon values,
creating none.”
Thirty-three and an income of $50,000 per annum! By this time two years [sic] I can so arrange all my business as to
secure at least $50,000 per annum. Beyond this never earn make no effort to increase fortune, but spend the surplus each
year for benevolent purposes.. . . . Man must have an idol! the amassing of wealth is one of the worst species of idolatry
no idol more debasing than the worship of money.2
2
This paragraph from an 1868 memo by Carnegie to himself appears as a footnote to later text in the original edition.
6