The Caribbean Integration document discusses several topics related to Caribbean integration, including CARIFTA, UWI, CXC, and CARIFESTA.
[1] CARIFTA was formed in 1968-1973 to promote free trade among Caribbean countries and transformed into CARICOM in 1973. It aimed to encourage trade, diversify markets, liberalize trade policies, and ensure fair competition.
[2] The University of the West Indies (UWI) was established in 1962 to provide higher education opportunities for Caribbean students within the region. It has three main campuses and helps develop Caribbean countries through technical training.
[3] The Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC) was formed in the 1970s as
The document discusses the history and goals of regional integration in the Caribbean through CARICOM. It outlines previous attempts at integration through the British West Indies Federation in 1958 and CARIFTA in 1965. CARICOM was established in 1973 to promote political, economic, and functional cooperation among Caribbean countries. Its main objectives are improving economic development through free trade and coordinating policies across member states.
The document discusses the history of integration efforts among Caribbean nations, including the formation and dissolution of the West Indies Federation between 1958-1962. It formed with ten territories as members but faced disputes over taxation, financing, and freedom of movement that weakened it. A referendum in Jamaica supported withdrawing, and the Federation dissolved four years after forming due to lack of economic and political unity among members. Subsequent independence movements emerged for individual territories.
This document provides an overview of Caribbean society and culture. It discusses the location and definitions of the Caribbean region, characteristics of Caribbean society including population, social behavior, institutions and culture. It describes the different types of islands and landscapes in the Caribbean based on their geology. It also covers the political systems and characteristics of Caribbean culture such as symbols, traits, patterns and subcultures.
The document discusses the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), established by the 1973 Treaty of Chaguaramas. CARICOM's objectives include improved living standards, employment, and coordinated economic development. It operates through meetings of Heads of Government and ministerial councils. The CARICOM Single Market and Economy aims to allow free movement of goods, services, people and capital within CARICOM countries to create a larger economic bloc. Implementation involves amending the Treaty of Chaguaramas and modifying national laws. Benefits include increased trade, production, employment and regional competitiveness.
The document summarizes the evolution and objectives of several regional integration movements in the Caribbean, including the West Indian Federation (1958-1962), CARIFTA (1968-1973), CARICOM (established in 1973), the OECS (established in 1981), and the ACS (established in 1995). It provides details on the founding countries, objectives, and achievements of each integration organization, as well as reasons for the failure of the West Indian Federation. The overall integration efforts aimed to strengthen self-government, promote economic development, and safeguard democratic systems in the Caribbean through increased trade, cooperation, and a united regional presence.
The document discusses several regional economic organizations in the Caribbean:
- CARICOM aims to encourage trade between member states and coordinate policies. It has branches for heads of government, implementing policies, and coordinating ministries.
- OECS seeks to form a common market and foreign policy among Eastern Caribbean members and defend their independence. It has committees for government, foreign policy, defense, economic affairs, and legal issues.
- ACS works to promote culture and increase trade/investment between Caribbean states through a secretariat and ministerial council.
- CSME allows free flow of goods/services between Caribbean islands as a single market.
- CCJ settles disputes related to CSME and CAR
The document discusses the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). It describes that CARICOM was established through the Treaty of Chaguaramas in 1973. CARICOM's objectives include improved living standards, employment, economic development, trade relations, and international competitiveness for its 15 member states. Key CARICOM bodies that work to achieve these objectives and make decisions include the Conference of Heads of Government, Community Council of Ministers, and specialized councils focused on areas like trade and economic development. The document also examines the CARICOM Single Market and Economy arrangement and its goals of facilitating the movement of goods, services, people and capital throughout the Caribbean without restrictions.
Caribbean Studies Caribbean society and culturecapesociology
This document discusses key concepts related to Caribbean society and culture. It defines society as a collection of people living in the same area over time and sharing a common purpose. Culture is described as the way of life of a people. The social world comprises groups where people hold multiple memberships and social locations. A brief history is provided of social changes from the Renaissance and Industrial Revolution to the modern Information Society defined by information and communication technologies. Sociology is introduced as the study of society and culture, and their relationship. Different views of social structure are outlined, from the Functionalist view of stability to the Marxist view of economic domination.
The document discusses the history and goals of regional integration in the Caribbean through CARICOM. It outlines previous attempts at integration through the British West Indies Federation in 1958 and CARIFTA in 1965. CARICOM was established in 1973 to promote political, economic, and functional cooperation among Caribbean countries. Its main objectives are improving economic development through free trade and coordinating policies across member states.
The document discusses the history of integration efforts among Caribbean nations, including the formation and dissolution of the West Indies Federation between 1958-1962. It formed with ten territories as members but faced disputes over taxation, financing, and freedom of movement that weakened it. A referendum in Jamaica supported withdrawing, and the Federation dissolved four years after forming due to lack of economic and political unity among members. Subsequent independence movements emerged for individual territories.
This document provides an overview of Caribbean society and culture. It discusses the location and definitions of the Caribbean region, characteristics of Caribbean society including population, social behavior, institutions and culture. It describes the different types of islands and landscapes in the Caribbean based on their geology. It also covers the political systems and characteristics of Caribbean culture such as symbols, traits, patterns and subcultures.
The document discusses the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), established by the 1973 Treaty of Chaguaramas. CARICOM's objectives include improved living standards, employment, and coordinated economic development. It operates through meetings of Heads of Government and ministerial councils. The CARICOM Single Market and Economy aims to allow free movement of goods, services, people and capital within CARICOM countries to create a larger economic bloc. Implementation involves amending the Treaty of Chaguaramas and modifying national laws. Benefits include increased trade, production, employment and regional competitiveness.
The document summarizes the evolution and objectives of several regional integration movements in the Caribbean, including the West Indian Federation (1958-1962), CARIFTA (1968-1973), CARICOM (established in 1973), the OECS (established in 1981), and the ACS (established in 1995). It provides details on the founding countries, objectives, and achievements of each integration organization, as well as reasons for the failure of the West Indian Federation. The overall integration efforts aimed to strengthen self-government, promote economic development, and safeguard democratic systems in the Caribbean through increased trade, cooperation, and a united regional presence.
The document discusses several regional economic organizations in the Caribbean:
- CARICOM aims to encourage trade between member states and coordinate policies. It has branches for heads of government, implementing policies, and coordinating ministries.
- OECS seeks to form a common market and foreign policy among Eastern Caribbean members and defend their independence. It has committees for government, foreign policy, defense, economic affairs, and legal issues.
- ACS works to promote culture and increase trade/investment between Caribbean states through a secretariat and ministerial council.
- CSME allows free flow of goods/services between Caribbean islands as a single market.
- CCJ settles disputes related to CSME and CAR
The document discusses the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). It describes that CARICOM was established through the Treaty of Chaguaramas in 1973. CARICOM's objectives include improved living standards, employment, economic development, trade relations, and international competitiveness for its 15 member states. Key CARICOM bodies that work to achieve these objectives and make decisions include the Conference of Heads of Government, Community Council of Ministers, and specialized councils focused on areas like trade and economic development. The document also examines the CARICOM Single Market and Economy arrangement and its goals of facilitating the movement of goods, services, people and capital throughout the Caribbean without restrictions.
Caribbean Studies Caribbean society and culturecapesociology
This document discusses key concepts related to Caribbean society and culture. It defines society as a collection of people living in the same area over time and sharing a common purpose. Culture is described as the way of life of a people. The social world comprises groups where people hold multiple memberships and social locations. A brief history is provided of social changes from the Renaissance and Industrial Revolution to the modern Information Society defined by information and communication technologies. Sociology is introduced as the study of society and culture, and their relationship. Different views of social structure are outlined, from the Functionalist view of stability to the Marxist view of economic domination.
The document contains past exam questions from the Caribbean Studies CAPE (Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination) relating to issues in Caribbean development. The questions assess understanding of indicators of development, the impact of unequal wealth distribution and lack of cricket competitiveness on development, factors that encourage Caribbean integration and their impact on social, political and economic development, and challenges faced by Caribbean governments in promoting tourism. Other questions address the impact of globalization, discrimination against women, freedom of the press, the tourism industry, productivity, integration challenges due to varying development levels, the role of popular culture and sports, and the impact of imported technology on Caribbean economies.
Social Studies M4 Objectives of CaricomeLearningJa
The document provides information about CARICOM (Caribbean Community) and the OECS (Organization of Eastern Caribbean States). It discusses the objectives of CARICOM, which include increasing market size, employment, and cooperation across member countries. The CSME (CARICOM Single Market and Economy) aims to allow free movement of goods, services, and people within the CARICOM region. The OECS consists of smaller Eastern Caribbean islands and seeks economic harmonization and free movement among its members.
This document provides notes on Caribbean society and culture. It discusses the location of the Caribbean region and defines it geographically, geologically, politically, and in terms of European colonialism. The notes cover population characteristics, social behavior, social institutions, cultural influences, and social change as the major factors that determine the general social conditions of Caribbean societies.
Peasantry in the Caribbean dates back to 1838 and refers to small-scale cultivation and animal raising for subsistence rather than for hired labor or large profits. Peasants historically existed in areas not controlled by European plantation economies and produced some goods for local markets while also competing with plantations. Types of peasant communities included maroon communities of escaped slaves as well as slave farms. Peasantry significantly contributed to Caribbean society by enhancing ex-slaves' skills, fostering self-reliance and political awareness, and establishing rural communities and diversified agriculture, though peasants also faced difficulties acquiring land, competing with other industries, poor living standards, and lack of resources.
This document provides notes on Caribbean Studies related to defining and understanding the Caribbean region. It includes:
- Locations of territories in the Caribbean including the Greater and Lesser Antilles and mainland territories.
- Different criteria for defining the Caribbean including geographical, historical, geological, and political definitions and how these help locate and understand the region.
- Discussions of society and culture in the Caribbean, including typical definitions, how concepts overlap, and portrayals of Caribbean society and culture. Elements that determine the social conditions of a society like population characteristics, social behavior, social institutions, and cultural influences are also examined.
The document discusses regional integration in the Caribbean islands. It outlines the factors promoting regional integration such as similar histories, cultures, and goals. Several organizations were formed to foster regional integration, including Caricom. Benefits of regional integration and free trade include a larger variety of goods, improved quality of life, and increased cooperation. However, factors like different economic policies and currencies can hinder integration. Problems facing the Caribbean include high unemployment and not producing enough goods for export.
The British West Indies Federation formed in 1958 and collapsed in 1962. It aimed to unite the English-speaking Caribbean islands economically and politically as Britain's interest waned after emancipation. However, tensions arose over funding disparities between islands. Jamaica's withdrawal after a 1961 referendum ended the Federation, as it was the main financial contributor. Key reasons for collapse included conflicts over capital site selection, differing political development levels between islands, and larger islands seeking to change the constitution in their favor. The Federation established critical services like the University of the West Indies, but internal disputes over representation and financial contributions ultimately led to its demise after just five years.
This document provides an overview of Caribbean society and culture. It discusses the geographic location and definitions of the Caribbean region, as well as characteristics of Caribbean society such as cultural diversity and the impact of historical processes like slavery and indentureship. The document also examines social stratification in the Caribbean and the hybridization of cultures. It analyzes the effects of geography, institutions, and global interactions on Caribbean society and culture, as well as Caribbean influences abroad through areas like migration, music, and festivals.
This document list and briefly describe SOME key terms and concept that are important for students sitting the CSEC Social Studies exam to know and understand. It is by no means exhausted and additional terms can be loaded to compliment this one.
Csec social studies multiple choice questionsInshan
Adolescence
Authority
Kin
Common-law union
Concubinage
Nuclear family
Courtship
Emigration
Divorce
Endogamy
Engagement
Betrothal
Exogamy
Matrifocal family
Extramarital affairs
Adultery
Visiting union
Household
Patrilocal extended family
Polygyny
The document discusses United States involvement in the Caribbean from 1776 to 1985. It identifies several key reasons for US interest in the region, including defense against foreign threats, expansionism, and promoting US ideology and trade/investments. It also examines specific factors that led to US involvement and rule over Caribbean territories, such as imperialism, securing trade routes, national security concerns, political instability, and ideological conflicts. Key events discussed include the Spanish-American War and the establishment of policies like Dollar Diplomacy and the Good Neighbor Policy.
The document discusses the stages of regional integration in the Caribbean prior to the formation of CARICOM. It covers the formation of the West Indies Federation in the 1940s and 1950s, its challenges that led to dissolution in the 1960s. It also discusses the establishment of CARIFTA and other regional organizations afterwards that helped continue the process of integration across the Caribbean.
Caribbean influences on extra regional countriesVeeshalla100
The document discusses the influence of Caribbean people and culture on extra-regional countries in several areas. It notes that the largest Caribbean diaspora populations are Cubans in the US and Haitians in the US, both of which have influenced politics through voting blocs. Caribbean migrants also impact policies around immigration and national security in host countries. Caribbean culture, especially music genres like reggae, have also spread globally and impacted industries like music and fashion. Caribbean food and steel pan music have maintained cultural relevance within Caribbean diaspora communities while also exposing new audiences.
Social Studies M4 Regional Integration-Major StageseLearningJa
This document provides an introduction to regional integration, focusing on integration in the Caribbean. It defines key terms like regional integration and regionalism. Countries integrate for political, social/cultural, economic and security reasons. Several past and present alliances in the Caribbean are examined, including CARICOM. Socioeconomic challenges like varying economic development levels pose difficulties for integration. A quiz assesses understanding of concepts like the reasons for integration and membership of the OECS.
This document outlines the stages of political development in the Caribbean, from proprietary government under British lords to independence and the establishment of republics and constitutional monarchies. It discusses 8 stages: 1) proprietary government, 2) old representative system, 3) crown colony, 4) modified crown colony, 5) ministerial government, 6) full internal self-government, 7) constitutional monarchy, and 8) republicanism. For each stage, it provides brief descriptions of the governing structures and transitions between stages towards increasing self-governance and independence from Britain. It also compares the differences between constitutional monarchies and republican systems of government.
caribbean studies material ... questions along with the answers
hope it comes in handle for persons who are doing the subject make good use of it
*i am not the owner of the material*
The document discusses the period of colonization in the Caribbean between the 17th-19th centuries. It describes how European powers like Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands colonized various Caribbean islands and established plantation economies dependent on African slave labor. Slavery resulted in the genocide and oppression of Africans, but slaves resisted through maroon communities, revolts, and maintaining aspects of their culture. The document also covers emancipation in the 1800s, the use of indentured servants from Asia, and how newly freed groups established independent communities and economic activities in the post-slavery period.
This document discusses several geographical phenomena and their impacts, including plate tectonics, soil erosion, droughts, hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanoes, and coral reefs. It defines plate tectonics and describes the three main types of plate boundaries. It also discusses the causes and processes of soil erosion, as well as methods of soil conservation like terracing and contour plowing. The document examines droughts' social and economic impacts in the Caribbean. Hurricanes are described with a focus on the damage from Hurricane Ivan in Grenada. Earthquakes and volcanoes have caused displacement in the Eastern Caribbean. Coral reefs provide coastal protection but are threatened.
The document discusses a study conducted on the factors contributing to female students outperforming male students academically at Jonathan Grant High School in Jamaica. It provides background information on the problem, reviews previous literature on the topic of male underperformance, describes the data collection methods used which included questionnaires distributed to students, and presents the results of the data collected. The results showed that social factors like musical distractions, lack of focus, and preference for work over school contributed to lower male academic performance according to the students.
The document contains multiple choice questions about the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). It tests knowledge about the origin and establishment of CARICOM, its key institutions like the Caribbean Development Bank and Caribbean Examination Council, functional areas of cooperation, and benefits of economic integration among member states. The questions cover topics like CARICOM's founding, structure, membership, objectives, and functions.
Monitoring and evaluation: The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency...ALNAP
The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) coordinates disaster response among Caribbean countries. It aims to strengthen capacity for mitigation, management, and coordinated response to hazards and climate change effects. CDEMA operates through a Regional Response Mechanism including a coordination center, response teams, and regional warehouses. It conducts exercises and evaluations to test disaster management systems and inform programming. CDEMA also works to enhance community resilience and mainstream disaster risk reduction.
CDEMA presentation at Peer to Peer exchange activity at OASMateo Garcia Prieto
The document discusses the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) system. CDEMA was established in 1991 and transitioned to its current form in 2009. It oversees disaster management among 18 Caribbean member states through its Coordinating Unit and governance structure which includes a Council, Technical Advisory Committee, and sub-regional organization. The Regional Response Mechanism (RRM) is CDEMA's three-tiered response system coordinated by the Coordinating Unit that provides support up to the level required depending on an event's impact and a state's response capacity. The RRM involves response teams, plans, and agreements to facilitate regional cooperation during disasters.
The document contains past exam questions from the Caribbean Studies CAPE (Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination) relating to issues in Caribbean development. The questions assess understanding of indicators of development, the impact of unequal wealth distribution and lack of cricket competitiveness on development, factors that encourage Caribbean integration and their impact on social, political and economic development, and challenges faced by Caribbean governments in promoting tourism. Other questions address the impact of globalization, discrimination against women, freedom of the press, the tourism industry, productivity, integration challenges due to varying development levels, the role of popular culture and sports, and the impact of imported technology on Caribbean economies.
Social Studies M4 Objectives of CaricomeLearningJa
The document provides information about CARICOM (Caribbean Community) and the OECS (Organization of Eastern Caribbean States). It discusses the objectives of CARICOM, which include increasing market size, employment, and cooperation across member countries. The CSME (CARICOM Single Market and Economy) aims to allow free movement of goods, services, and people within the CARICOM region. The OECS consists of smaller Eastern Caribbean islands and seeks economic harmonization and free movement among its members.
This document provides notes on Caribbean society and culture. It discusses the location of the Caribbean region and defines it geographically, geologically, politically, and in terms of European colonialism. The notes cover population characteristics, social behavior, social institutions, cultural influences, and social change as the major factors that determine the general social conditions of Caribbean societies.
Peasantry in the Caribbean dates back to 1838 and refers to small-scale cultivation and animal raising for subsistence rather than for hired labor or large profits. Peasants historically existed in areas not controlled by European plantation economies and produced some goods for local markets while also competing with plantations. Types of peasant communities included maroon communities of escaped slaves as well as slave farms. Peasantry significantly contributed to Caribbean society by enhancing ex-slaves' skills, fostering self-reliance and political awareness, and establishing rural communities and diversified agriculture, though peasants also faced difficulties acquiring land, competing with other industries, poor living standards, and lack of resources.
This document provides notes on Caribbean Studies related to defining and understanding the Caribbean region. It includes:
- Locations of territories in the Caribbean including the Greater and Lesser Antilles and mainland territories.
- Different criteria for defining the Caribbean including geographical, historical, geological, and political definitions and how these help locate and understand the region.
- Discussions of society and culture in the Caribbean, including typical definitions, how concepts overlap, and portrayals of Caribbean society and culture. Elements that determine the social conditions of a society like population characteristics, social behavior, social institutions, and cultural influences are also examined.
The document discusses regional integration in the Caribbean islands. It outlines the factors promoting regional integration such as similar histories, cultures, and goals. Several organizations were formed to foster regional integration, including Caricom. Benefits of regional integration and free trade include a larger variety of goods, improved quality of life, and increased cooperation. However, factors like different economic policies and currencies can hinder integration. Problems facing the Caribbean include high unemployment and not producing enough goods for export.
The British West Indies Federation formed in 1958 and collapsed in 1962. It aimed to unite the English-speaking Caribbean islands economically and politically as Britain's interest waned after emancipation. However, tensions arose over funding disparities between islands. Jamaica's withdrawal after a 1961 referendum ended the Federation, as it was the main financial contributor. Key reasons for collapse included conflicts over capital site selection, differing political development levels between islands, and larger islands seeking to change the constitution in their favor. The Federation established critical services like the University of the West Indies, but internal disputes over representation and financial contributions ultimately led to its demise after just five years.
This document provides an overview of Caribbean society and culture. It discusses the geographic location and definitions of the Caribbean region, as well as characteristics of Caribbean society such as cultural diversity and the impact of historical processes like slavery and indentureship. The document also examines social stratification in the Caribbean and the hybridization of cultures. It analyzes the effects of geography, institutions, and global interactions on Caribbean society and culture, as well as Caribbean influences abroad through areas like migration, music, and festivals.
This document list and briefly describe SOME key terms and concept that are important for students sitting the CSEC Social Studies exam to know and understand. It is by no means exhausted and additional terms can be loaded to compliment this one.
Csec social studies multiple choice questionsInshan
Adolescence
Authority
Kin
Common-law union
Concubinage
Nuclear family
Courtship
Emigration
Divorce
Endogamy
Engagement
Betrothal
Exogamy
Matrifocal family
Extramarital affairs
Adultery
Visiting union
Household
Patrilocal extended family
Polygyny
The document discusses United States involvement in the Caribbean from 1776 to 1985. It identifies several key reasons for US interest in the region, including defense against foreign threats, expansionism, and promoting US ideology and trade/investments. It also examines specific factors that led to US involvement and rule over Caribbean territories, such as imperialism, securing trade routes, national security concerns, political instability, and ideological conflicts. Key events discussed include the Spanish-American War and the establishment of policies like Dollar Diplomacy and the Good Neighbor Policy.
The document discusses the stages of regional integration in the Caribbean prior to the formation of CARICOM. It covers the formation of the West Indies Federation in the 1940s and 1950s, its challenges that led to dissolution in the 1960s. It also discusses the establishment of CARIFTA and other regional organizations afterwards that helped continue the process of integration across the Caribbean.
Caribbean influences on extra regional countriesVeeshalla100
The document discusses the influence of Caribbean people and culture on extra-regional countries in several areas. It notes that the largest Caribbean diaspora populations are Cubans in the US and Haitians in the US, both of which have influenced politics through voting blocs. Caribbean migrants also impact policies around immigration and national security in host countries. Caribbean culture, especially music genres like reggae, have also spread globally and impacted industries like music and fashion. Caribbean food and steel pan music have maintained cultural relevance within Caribbean diaspora communities while also exposing new audiences.
Social Studies M4 Regional Integration-Major StageseLearningJa
This document provides an introduction to regional integration, focusing on integration in the Caribbean. It defines key terms like regional integration and regionalism. Countries integrate for political, social/cultural, economic and security reasons. Several past and present alliances in the Caribbean are examined, including CARICOM. Socioeconomic challenges like varying economic development levels pose difficulties for integration. A quiz assesses understanding of concepts like the reasons for integration and membership of the OECS.
This document outlines the stages of political development in the Caribbean, from proprietary government under British lords to independence and the establishment of republics and constitutional monarchies. It discusses 8 stages: 1) proprietary government, 2) old representative system, 3) crown colony, 4) modified crown colony, 5) ministerial government, 6) full internal self-government, 7) constitutional monarchy, and 8) republicanism. For each stage, it provides brief descriptions of the governing structures and transitions between stages towards increasing self-governance and independence from Britain. It also compares the differences between constitutional monarchies and republican systems of government.
caribbean studies material ... questions along with the answers
hope it comes in handle for persons who are doing the subject make good use of it
*i am not the owner of the material*
The document discusses the period of colonization in the Caribbean between the 17th-19th centuries. It describes how European powers like Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands colonized various Caribbean islands and established plantation economies dependent on African slave labor. Slavery resulted in the genocide and oppression of Africans, but slaves resisted through maroon communities, revolts, and maintaining aspects of their culture. The document also covers emancipation in the 1800s, the use of indentured servants from Asia, and how newly freed groups established independent communities and economic activities in the post-slavery period.
This document discusses several geographical phenomena and their impacts, including plate tectonics, soil erosion, droughts, hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanoes, and coral reefs. It defines plate tectonics and describes the three main types of plate boundaries. It also discusses the causes and processes of soil erosion, as well as methods of soil conservation like terracing and contour plowing. The document examines droughts' social and economic impacts in the Caribbean. Hurricanes are described with a focus on the damage from Hurricane Ivan in Grenada. Earthquakes and volcanoes have caused displacement in the Eastern Caribbean. Coral reefs provide coastal protection but are threatened.
The document discusses a study conducted on the factors contributing to female students outperforming male students academically at Jonathan Grant High School in Jamaica. It provides background information on the problem, reviews previous literature on the topic of male underperformance, describes the data collection methods used which included questionnaires distributed to students, and presents the results of the data collected. The results showed that social factors like musical distractions, lack of focus, and preference for work over school contributed to lower male academic performance according to the students.
The document contains multiple choice questions about the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). It tests knowledge about the origin and establishment of CARICOM, its key institutions like the Caribbean Development Bank and Caribbean Examination Council, functional areas of cooperation, and benefits of economic integration among member states. The questions cover topics like CARICOM's founding, structure, membership, objectives, and functions.
Monitoring and evaluation: The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency...ALNAP
The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) coordinates disaster response among Caribbean countries. It aims to strengthen capacity for mitigation, management, and coordinated response to hazards and climate change effects. CDEMA operates through a Regional Response Mechanism including a coordination center, response teams, and regional warehouses. It conducts exercises and evaluations to test disaster management systems and inform programming. CDEMA also works to enhance community resilience and mainstream disaster risk reduction.
CDEMA presentation at Peer to Peer exchange activity at OASMateo Garcia Prieto
The document discusses the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) system. CDEMA was established in 1991 and transitioned to its current form in 2009. It oversees disaster management among 18 Caribbean member states through its Coordinating Unit and governance structure which includes a Council, Technical Advisory Committee, and sub-regional organization. The Regional Response Mechanism (RRM) is CDEMA's three-tiered response system coordinated by the Coordinating Unit that provides support up to the level required depending on an event's impact and a state's response capacity. The RRM involves response teams, plans, and agreements to facilitate regional cooperation during disasters.
This document is an internal assessment report on solid and sewage waste management in the community of Linstead, Jamaica. It includes an introduction outlining the purpose of studying how improper waste disposal impacts residents' health. The literature review discusses how waste pollution negatively affects health and the environment. It also examines Linstead's lack of proper sewage management and irregular solid waste collection. The report will use research findings to evaluate impacts of waste and provide recommendations to alleviate problems.
The British West Indian Federation was established in 1958 to unite ten Caribbean countries politically and economically. Leaders like Grantley Adams and Norman Manley proposed the federation to help the countries strengthen themselves and address common challenges by operating as a single unit rather than small entities. The federation sought to unite the Caribbean peoples based on their shared history and geography. It also aimed to create a political unit that could become independent from Britain as a single state.
This document provides an overview of the 20th anniversary of the Association of Caribbean States (ACS), which was established in 1994 to promote cooperation among countries in the Greater Caribbean region. It discusses the ACS's origins, achievements over its first two decades, and priority areas of focus going forward such as expanding trade and investment, reducing disaster risks, sustainable tourism, and regional transportation connectivity. The ACS Secretary-General highlights progress made in 2013, including ratification of agreements and approval of projects, and looks ahead to the upcoming 6th Summit in Mexico to further consolidate cooperation efforts across the region.
Enterprise Data Integration for Microsoft Dynamics CRMDaniel Cai
This is the deck that I used for my presentation for XrmVirtual on Apr 9, 2013, which discusses various options that you may have for Microsoft Dynamics CRM data migration and integration.
Cape Caribbean studies past paper questions 2006- 2010 Jaevanie Ferguson
This document contains past paper questions for a Caribbean Studies exam. It covers topics like defining the Caribbean region, features of plantation society, influences on Caribbean culture from indigenous, African and Indian groups, education, the environment, and issues in Caribbean development. There are 57 questions in total across three modules related to Caribbean society, culture, and development issues.
The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) was established in 1973 to foster economic cooperation and integration among 15 Caribbean nations and dependencies. It was formed from the transformation of the Caribbean Free Trade Association in response to the failure of the West Indies Federation to achieve political unity. CARICOM's objectives include improving living standards, promoting full employment, coordinating economic development policies, and strengthening cooperation in foreign policy and functional areas among member states. It comprises a common market and coordinates efforts in areas like education, health, trade and agriculture.
This presentation gives insight on the history of CARICOM and how Caribbean nations are able to compete on a global scale as well as how education impacts on the future of this organization.
CARICOM is the Caribbean Community and Common Market established in 1973 to promote economic cooperation among 15 Caribbean nations and dependencies. Its main functions are to coordinate foreign policy, promote economic development, and form a common market among members. The CSME aims to create a single economic space for the free movement of goods, services, capital and skilled labor within CARICOM. Studies show CARICOM has positively impacted regional employment and education through programs facilitating mobility of Caribbean professionals. The future of CARICOM depends on further strengthening regional integration.
Regional integration refers to nation states coming together to cooperate functionally, economically, and politically for mutual benefit. Examples include the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States and the African Economic Community. Regional integration aims to overcome challenges facing regions like unequal resource distribution and aid development. Challenges include geography, unequal resources, and different growth stages, but opportunities include common history, culture, and issues. Stages have included the West Indies Federation in the 1960s and the Caribbean Free Trade Association formed in 1965 to unite economies and represent the Caribbean internationally. The Caribbean Community formed in 1973 to further economic integration, coordinate foreign policy, and enable functional cooperation across areas like health, education, and the environment.
The document discusses the history and objectives of regional integration efforts in the Caribbean, including:
- The West Indies Federation in the 1960s which collapsed due to financial disagreements and preference for individual sovereignty among members.
- CARIFESTA, established to promote Caribbean arts and culture and foster unity among participating nations.
- CARICOM, founded in 1973 to promote economic cooperation and coordination among member states through a common market.
- The CSME, which aims to create a single economic space within CARICOM allowing for free movement of goods, services, capital and labor.
- The OECS, comprising lesser developed eastern Caribbean islands, with objectives of promoting unity, economic integration and common foreign policy
This document celebrates the 40th anniversary of CARICOM (Caribbean Community). It contains speeches and articles from political leaders and experts reflecting on the progress and achievements of CARICOM over the past 40 years as well as the continued importance of Caribbean integration and cooperation going forward. Key points made include that CARICOM has advanced economic integration, functional cooperation, and the vision of a unified Caribbean community despite ongoing challenges. The document encourages continuing efforts to deepen regional integration to address global issues and take advantage of opportunities through a shared Caribbean identity and destiny.
ASEAN, GATT, FTAA, Mercosur, NAFTA....powerpointNiloy Saha
The document summarizes information about several international trade agreements:
- ASEAN was established in 1967 between Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand to promote economic and cultural cooperation.
- The FTAA was an attempt to create a free trade agreement between all countries in North, Central and South America except Cuba, with negotiations beginning in 1994.
- GATT was formed in 1947 to extend international trade and was later replaced by the WTO in 1995 to further regulate global trade.
- MERCOSUR created a common market between Argentina, Brazil and other South American countries in 1991 to promote free movement of goods and currency.
- NAFTA created a trade bloc between Canada, Mexico and the US when it
Mercosur, Mercosul, or Ñemby Ñemuha, officially Southern Common Market, is a South American trade bloc established by the Treaty of Asunción in 1991 and Protocol of Ouro Preto in 1994. Its full members are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.
The presentation examines the role of Caribbean SIDS, particularly the CARICOM member States, in CELAC as the regional mechanism that includes all Latin American and Caribbean countries.
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4. CARIFTA
• CARIFTA means “ The Caribbean Free Trade Area or Association” was
formed in 1968-1973.
• In 1973, CARIFTA became the Caribbean Community (CARICOM).
• CARIFTA is an example of a multi lateral agreement in the Caribbean.
A multilateral
agreement is one which
involves 2 or more
countries or states.
5. HISTORY
• The origins of CARIFTA lay in a meeting on July 4, 1965 between the
Prime Ministers of Barbados and British Guiana (Errol Barrow and Forbes
Burnham respectively) to discuss the possibility of establishing a free
trade area between the two territories, which at the time were moving
towards independence from the United Kingdom. The discussions
revolved around establish a free trade area between only those two
countries initially and then extending it to the rest of the Caribbean when
the other countries in the Commonwealth Caribbean were ready to join.
CON’T OF HISTORY ON THE NEXT SLIDE
6. These bilateral discussions between Barrow and Burnham were later expanded to
include V. C. Bird of Antigua and the three leaders ultimately signed the initial CARIFTA
Agreement (the Agreement of Dickenson Bay in Antigua) on December 15, 1965.
The original date envisioned for the Caribbean Free Trade Area to come into existence,
according the Dickenson Bay Agreement, was May 15, 1967. However as a result of
shuttle diplomacy engaged by Dr. Eric Williams, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago,
(through one of his minister, Kamaluddin Mohammed) this was postponed as in order to
allow Trinidad and Tobago to be included in the agreement and to generally make the
agreement region-wide from the beginning.
Dr. Williams had for years been advocating the establishment of a Caribbean Economic
Community and was now fearful that Barbados, Antigua and Guyana were planning to
form a free trade area between themselves to the exclusion of Trinidad and Tobago.
As a result of this a supplementary agreement to the original Carifta Agreement was
signed in Georgetown, Guyana on March 15, 1968, and in St John’s, Antigua on March 18,
1968 with Carifta Day set for May 1, 1968.
HISTORY CON’T
CON’T OF HISTORY ON THE NEXT SLIDE
7. The new CARIFTA agreement came into effect on May 1, 1968, with the
participation of Antigua, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana. The
original idea to permit all territories in the region to participate in the
Association was achieved a few months later with the entry of Dominica,
Grenada, St. Kitts/Nevis/Anguilla, Saint Lucia and St. Vincent in July and of
Jamaica and Montserrat on August 1, 1968. British Honduras (Belize)
became a member in May 1971
11. AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF CARIFTA
• To foster economic and social development by encouraging free trade
among member states. This involved the removal of customs duties, taxes
and licensing arrangements which previously stifled a greater volume of
trade among the islands.
CON’T OF FUNCTIONS ON THE NEXT SLIDE
12. CARIFTA was intended to encourage balanced
development of the Region by:
• Increasing trade - buying and selling more goods among the Member
States
• Diversifying Trade - expanding the variety of goods and services available
for trade
• Liberalising Trade - removing tariffs and quotas on goods produced and
traded within the area
• Ensuring Fair Competition - setting up rules for all members to follow to
protect the smaller enterprises
CON’T OF FUNCTIONS / PURPOSE
13. IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING FOR FREE TRADE, THE
AGREEMENT SOUGHT TO:
• Ensure that the benefits of free trade were equitably distributed
• Promote industrial development in the LDCs
• Promote the development of the coconut industry (through an Oils and
Fats Agreement) which was significant in many of the LDCs
• Rationalize agricultural production but in the interim, facilitate the
marketing of selected agricultural products of particular interest to the
LDCs (through the Agricultural Marketing Protocol)
• Provide a longer period to phase out customs duty on certain products
which were more important for the revenue of the LDCs
A country that is
considered lacking in
terms of its economy,
infrastructure and
industrial base
14. TRANSFORMATION AND LEGACY
• In 1973, CARIFTA became superseded by the Caribbean Community CARICOM) following
a decision, at the Seventh Heads of Government Conference in October 1972, to
transform CARIFTA into a Common Market and establish the Caribbean Community of
which the Common Market would be an integral part. The Treaty of
Chaguaramas declared that CARIFTA would cease to exist on 1 May 1974 when the
remaining CARIFTA members all acceded to CARICOM.
• The regional co-operation under the CARIFTA agreement also led to the foundation of
several common institutions. The Commonwealth Caribbean Regional Secretariat was set
up in Georgetown (Guyana) and the Caribbean Development Bank was established in
Bridgetown, Barbados.
CON’T OF TRANFORMATION AND LEGACY ON THE NEXT SLIDE
15. • One of the legacies of CARIFTA is an international youth athletics event for
junior athletes from the member states started in 1972 by the association
and inaugurated (and thought up) by Austin Sealy (then president of the
Amateur Athletic Association of Barbados) to mark the transition from
CARIFTA to CARICOM called the CARIFTA Games . In 1985, a similar set of
games, The CARIFTA Aquatics Championships, started.
CON’T OF TRANFORMATION AND LEGACY
18. EDUCATION
• During colonial times, education in the British West Indies was highly
influenced by the mother country. All major examinations were set by
English Universities which determined the curricula and certification.
Nationals who intended to pursue higher education had to travel abroad,
mainly to universities in England. This was very costly. It also meant that
few locals were able to study abroad. All of this changed with the
formation of the University of the West Indies (UWI) & the Caribbean
Examinations Council (CXC).
20. HISTORY OF UWI
• UWI was established in 1962 with Her Royal Highness, Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone
as the first Chancellor and Sir Arthur Lewis the first Vice Chancellor.
• UWI comprises three main campuses (located at Mona, Jamaica, St. Augustine, Trinidad
and Tobago and Cave Hill, Barbados) as well as the Centre of Hotel and Tourism
Management in the Bahamas in addition to University Centers/Schools of Continuing
Studies in twelve other Caribbean countries.
• The University has six Faculties offering first degree programmes in agriculture, arts, the
humanities, education, engineering, law, medical sciences, natural and pure and applied
sciences and social sciences. Certificates, diplomas and postgraduate degree programmes
as well as a variety of specialist degrees are also offered.
• The University's central administration is located at the Mona Campus. The University is
Headed by Chancellor.
21. UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES
The University Of The West Indies (UWI), was established in 1948 with 3
campuses:
• St. Augustine in Trinidad
• Mona in Jamaica
• Cave Hill in Barbados
Previously students had to go abroad for higher education. The University
makes a positive impact on al most all facets of life.
Caribbean graduates help to develop their respective countries with their
technical and managerial skills.
22. FUNCTION/ PURPOSE OF UWI
• This institution provides education in many fields or subjects for all, but
particularly for Caribbean people.
• The knowledge, skills and training gained at UWI, contribute to the
attainment of a higher standard of living among the people of the
Caribbean.
• They offer areas in Law, History, Engineering, Medicine, Culture, Music, Art
and Literature.
23. MEMBERS
Main branches of UWI:
• St. Augustine in Trinidad
• Mona in Jamaica
• Cave Hill in Barbados
CON’T OF MEMBERS ON THE NEXT SLIDE
24. The open campuses:
• ANGUILLA
• ANTIGUA & BARBUDA
• BAHAMAS
• BARBADOS
• BELIZE
• BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
• CAYMAN ISLANDS
• DOMINICA
CON’T OF MEMBERS ON NEXT SLIDE
25. • GRENADA
• JAMAICA
• MONTSERRAT
• ST. KITTS AND NEVIS
• ST LUCIA
• ST. VINCENT & THE GRENADINES
• TURKS & CAICOS
• TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
CON’T OF MEMBERS
26. CHANCELLORS & VICE CHANCELLORS
Chancellors:
• HRH Princess Alice of Athlone (Great Britain), 1950 -1971
• Rt Hon Sir Hugh Wooding (Trinidad and Tobago), 1971 -1974
• Sir Allen Lewis (Saint Lucia), 1975 - 1989
• Hon. Sir Shridath Ramphal (Guyana), 1989 - present
CON’T OF CHANCELLORS ON NEXT SLIDE
27. Principals/Vice Chancellors:
• Sir Thomas Taylor (Great Britain), Principal, UCWI - 1947-1953
• Dr Walter Grave (Great Britain, Principal, UCWI, 1953-1958
• Sir Arthur Lewis (Saint Lucia), Vice Chancellor, UCWI, 1960-1963
• Sir Philip Sherlock (Jamaica), 1963-1969
• Sir Roy Marshall (Barbados), 1969 -1974
• Aston Preston (Jamaica), 1974 -1986
• Professor Leslie Robinson (Jamaica), Acting, 1986-1988
• Hon Sir Alister McIntyre (Grenada), 1988-1998
• Hon Rex Nettleford (Jamaica), 1998 - present
CON’T OF CHANCELLORS
29. CXC- CARIBBEAN EXAMINATION COUNCIL
• The Caribbean Examination Council (CXC) was established in the late
1970’s as a recognized examining body in the region. Previously,
examining bodies were located abroad, mainly in England, were subject
areas examined were more relevant to Europe than to the West Indies.
CXC is an institution of, by and for the Caribbean people.
• CXC is still in function.
• The Caribbean Examinations council (CXC) was established in 1972 by an
Agreement among 15 English speaking Commonwealth Caribbean
Countries and Territories. It has its headquarters in Barbados.
MORE ABOUT CXC IN THE NEXT SLIDE
30. • CXC, whose first examinations were held in 1979, tests students in both academic and
technical/vocational subjects. Some of the subject areas are Agricultural Science, Biology,
Chemistry, English Language and English Literature, Metal Work, Physics, Mathematics,
Principles of Accounts, Visual Arts, Caribbean History, Electronics, French and Spanish. In
the technical field the subjects include Building Technology, Electrical and
Mechanical Engineering Technology and Information Technology. The Council admits
external entries from St Maarten and Saba from the Netherlands Antilles.
• In 1998, CXC offered the first Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination (CAPE) in a
range of subjects. The CAPE scheme is intended to satisfy requirements for entry into
regional and extra regional universities as well as other professional courses.
31. • The operations of CXC are funded chiefly by contributions from participatory governments
and examinations fees while funds for special projects are obtained from donor agencies. CXC
is governed by a Council comprising representatives from each participating country. The day
to day operations of the Council are managed by a Registrar.
• The examinations provided by CXC replace the UK- based General Certificate of Education
(GCE) examinations previously taken by students at the secondary level. These examinations
based on common regional curricula, have been an important force for fostering awareness
and understanding among students, of the importance of the Caribbean in the increasing
global arena.
• The CXC method of assessment, which combines school based assessment by classroom
teachers with traditional examinations, has now been adopted as a model by other examining
bodies, notably in the UK.
• CXC has also contributed to the professional development of teachers in the region
through training workshops and marking exercises that permit teachers from various
countries to continuously network and contribute to improving the system.
32. FUNCTION OR PURPOSE OF CXC
• The main objective for its establishment was the development of curricula
in the various subject areas, with a Caribbean focus.
• CXC’s objectives are to: provide regionally and internationally recognized
secondary school leaving examinations relevant to the needs of the
Region; assist in Common Entrance and other types of examinations;
produce teaching materials and train teachers to use the CXC syllabi; and
advise regional governments on Education matters.
33. MEMBERS
The members of the CXC are:
• Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands,
Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, St Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and
Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands.
34. CHAIR PERSONS
Chairpersons of CXC:
Prof Roy Marshall (Barbados), 1973
Dr Dennis Ivrine (Jamaica), 1974-1979
Mr Aston Preston (Jamaica) 1980-1986
Sir Roy Augier (Saint Lucia), 1986-1996
Sir Keith Hunte (Barbados), 1996-2002
Dr Kenneth Hall (Jamaica), 2002 to present
CON’T OF CHAIR PERSONS ON THE NEXT SLIDE
The chairman , also known
as the chairperson or simply
the chair, is the highest
officer of an organized group
such as a board, a committee,
or a deliberative assembly.
35. Registrars of the CXC:
Major Herbert Daniel (Barbados), 1973 – 1977
Mr Wilfred Beckles (Barbados), 1978 – 1993
Ms Irene Walter (Jamaica), 1994 – 1995 (Acting Registrar)
Ms Irene Walter (Jamaica), 1996 – 1998
Dr Lucy Steward (Trinidad and Tobago), 1998 – 2008
Dr. Didacus Jules (Saint Lucia) - 2008 - Present
CON’T OF CHAIR PERSONS
37. CARIFESTA
• The acronym CARIFESTA means Caribbean Festival of Arts.
• The people of the Caribbean have forged a unique culture which was born
out of the experiences of colonialism, slavery & indentureship. Calypso,
Carnival, Reggae, Parang, Soca and Chutney have all gained international
recognition. Our writers, musicians, dancers, painters, sculptors,
photographers, entertainers and performers cross ethnic, religious and
social barriers. It was as a result of their cultural background that
CARIFESTA was born.
• It is a means of encouraging performances in the arts.
38. HISTORY
• The first Caribbean Festival of Arts took place in Guyana in 1972. This event
was organized by Guyana's then President Forbes Burnham, based on a
similar event that took place in Puerto Rico in 1952. He held a number of
conferences with Caribbean artists and writers that eventually led to the first
CARIFESTA. CARIFESTA was conceived out of an appeal from a regional
gathering of artists who were at the time participating in a Writers and
Artists Convention in Georgetown, Guyana, in 1970 and which coincided with
Guyana’s move to Republican status.
CON’T OF HISTORY ON THE NEXT SLIDE
39. The three main considerations with regard to the staging of CARIFESTA were:
• The Festival should be inspirational and should provide artists with the
opportunity to discuss among themselves techniques and motivations
• It should be educational in that the people of the Caribbean would be exposed to
the values emerging from the various art forms and it should relate to people
and be entertaining on a scale and in a fashion that would commend itself to the
Caribbean people
• The regional creative festival was first held in Georgetown, Guyana in 1972,
attracting creative artistes from over 30 Caribbean and Latin American
countries.
• It is a celebration of the ethnic and racial diversity which separately and
collectively created cultural expressions that are wonderfully unique to the
Caribbean.
• The cultural village life of CARIFESTA is intended to be a mixture of the States of
the Caribbean Community (CARICOM); the wider Caribbean, Latin America; and
a representation of Africa, Asia, Europe and North America.
CON’T OF HISTORY ON THE NEXT SLIDE
40. It is a vision of the peoples with roots deep in Asia, Europe and Africa,
coming together to perform their art forms and embracing literature
inspired by the Caribbean’s own peculiar temperament; paintings drawn
from the awe inspiring tropical ecology; and the visionary inheritance of
our forefathers
CON’T OF HISTORY
41. FUNCTIONS
• depict the life of the people of the region - their heroes, morale, myth, traditions, beliefs,
creativeness, ways of expression.
• show the similarities and the differences of the people of the Caribbean and Latin America
• create a climate in which art can flourish so that artists would be encouraged to return to
their homeland.
• awaken a regional identity in Literature.
• stimulate and unite the cultural movement throughout the region
• Unites the diverse cultural traits of the Caribbean people.
• Creates an identity for the Caribbean people.
• Promotes the importance of culture as a means of entertainment.
CON’T OF FUNCTIONS ON THE NEXT SLIDE
42. • Educate and inform about the cultural traditions of the various Caribbean
countries.
• Provides recognition of people of the Caribbean as being creative and
innovative.
• Preserves cultural and historical heritage.
• Provides employment for the artists and people who provide support
services.
CON’T OF FUNCTIONS
43. DATE LOCATION THEME
CARIFESTA
I
1972
August 25-September 15
Guyana The Artist in Society with Special Reference to
the Third World
CARIFESTA
II
1976
July 23 - August 2
Jamaica A Hallmark of Cultural Extravagance
CARIFESTA
III
1979 Cuba A Rainbow of Peoples Under One Caribbean
Sun
CARIFESTA
IV
1981
July 19-August 3
Barbados Living Images of the Sun
CARIFESTA
V
1992
August 22-28
Trinidad and Tobago Together is Strength
CARIFESTA
VI
1995
August
Trinidad and Tobago The World's Best Cultural Mix
CARIFESTA
VII
2000
August 17-26
St. Kitts and Nevis Caribbean Arts and Culture ... Reflecting,
Consolidating, Moving On
CARIFESTA
VIII
2003
August 25-30
Suriname Many Cultures: The Essence of Togetherness,
The Spirit of the Caribbean
CARIFESTA
IX
2006
September 22-October 1
Trinidad and Tobago Celebrating Our People, Contesting the World
Stage
CARIFESTA
X
2008
August 22-31
Guyana One Caribbean, One Purpose - Our Culture Our
Life
44. MEMBERS
To date, CARIFESTA has been successfully staged in:
• GUYANA (1972)
• JAMAICA (1976)
• CUBA (1979)
• BARABDOS (1981)
• TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO (1992 AND 1995)
• ST KITTS AND NEVIS ( 2000)
• SURINAME (2003)
46. CDERA
• The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA)
• It is an inter-regional supportive network of independent emergency units
throughout the Caribbean region. Formed on September 1, 2005 as
the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA) it under-went a
name change to CDEMA in September 2009.
• CDEMA is the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency. This is the
new name of the regional disaster management body formerly known as CDERA,
the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency.
• September 1, 2009 is the official date of transition to CDEMA.
• All CARICOM and Non-CARICOM Member States of the Caribbean region are
eligible for CDEMA membership.
47. BACKGROUND INFORMATION / HISTORY
• Towards the end of the twentieth century, severe weather had been increasing, especially
in the Caribbean region and the Gulf of Mexico. Being able to control and minimize the
damage caused by these disasters is critical to life in that part of the world. The world
recognized a need to establish an organization to handle natural disasters in that region
and in July 1984 the Pan-Caribbean Disasters Preparedness and Prevention Project
(PCDPPP) was established. The Caribbean has battled with independence from its
mother European countries for centuries and before the PCDPPP came about the
traditional way of handling disasters in the area was though private donors, a method
that was heavily dependent on others and failing to help their cause for independence.
CON’T OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE NEXT SLIDE
48. • The creation of the PCDPPP was a collection of international sponsors
such as the United States Agency for International Development (USAID),
the Canadian International Development Agency, the Government of the
Netherlands, and the United Nations Disaster Relief Organization
(UNDRO). The PCDPPP failed break free from the direct and indirect
dependence the Caribbean had towards Europe and the United States. One
significant failure of the PCDPPP was for its participants to fully take part
in the organization itself and become more involved with civil society.
CON’T OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE NEXT SLIDE
49. • In 1989, with the widespread destruction of Hurricane Hugo, a response
for a more effective form of natural disaster management and
preparedness was recognized. In 1991 the Caribbean Disaster and
Emergency Response Agency (CDERA) was created. The Caribbean was
moving towards the independence it desired. CDERA was formed with 16
participating Caribbean nations. This way the Caribbean countries had
regional support along with international support. Aid from regional
sources was now becoming more of a possibility. CDERA would later take
a name change to encompass their end goal of not only responding to
disasters but managing all types of disasters. Later in the first decade of
the twenty first century CDERA became CDEMA, the Caribbean Disaster
Emergency Management Agency.
• The growth of CDERA is said to have been very slow throughout the
1990s. Things began to improve starting in the twenty first century with
CDERA.
CON’T OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE NEXT SLIDE
50. MEMBERS
Country Organization
Anguilla Department of Disaster Management (DDM)
Antigua and Barbuda National Office of Disaster Services (NODS)
Bahamas Disaster Management Unit
Barbados Department of Emergency Management
Belize National Emergency Management Organization (NEMO)
British Virgin Islands Department of Disaster Management
Dominica Office of Disaster Management (ODM)
Grenada National Disaster Management Agency (NaDMA)
Guyana Civil Defense Commission
Haiti Civil Protection Directorate
Jamaica Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management (ODPEM)
Montserrat Disaster Management Coordination Agency
Saint Kitts and Nevis National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)
Saint Lucia National Emergency Management Organization (NEMO)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines National Emergency Management Organization (NEMO)
Suriname National Coordination Center For Disaster Relief (NCCR)
Trinidad and Tobago Office of Disaster Preparedness and Management (ODPM)
Turks and Caicos Islands Department of Disaster Management & Emergencies
51. FUNCTIONS/ PURPOSE
• Mobilizing and coordinating disaster relief
• Mitigating or eliminating, as far as practicable, the immediate consequences of
disasters in Participating States.
• providing immediate and coordinated response by means of emergency disaster relief
to any affected Participating State.
• securing, coordinating and providing to interested inter-governmental and non-
governmental organizations reliable and comprehensive information on disasters
affecting any Participating State.
CON’T OF FUNCTIONS/PURPOSE ON NEXT SLIDE
52. • encouraging –
-the adoption of disaster loss reduction and mitigation policies and
practices at the national and regional level;
-cooperative arrangements and mechanisms to facilitate the development of
a culture of disaster loss reduction
• Coordinating the establishment, enhancement and maintenance of
adequate emergency disaster response capabilities among the
Participating States
CON’T OF FUNCTIONS/PURPOSE ON NEXT SLIDE