3. Introduction of Steering
• Steering is a set of components and connections that allow a
vehicle to follow a fixed route. . The steering systems principal
function is to allow the driver to steer the vehicle
.
There are two different types of steering mechanisms in automobile.
They are :
• 1-Davis Steering Mechanism(Davis Steering is one of the
mechanisms in steering that consists only sliding pairs)
• 2-Ackermann Steering Mechanism(Ackermann Steering is
another type of mechanism that have turning pairs and no
sliding pairs as like Davis Steering; due to this turning pairs, the
Ackermann Steering requires less effort compared to Davis
Mechanism)
4. Introduction of Acckermann
Ackermann steering geometry is
a geometric arrangement of
linkages in the steering of a car
or other vehicle designed to
solve the problem of wheels on
the inside and outside of a turn
needing to trace out circles of
different radii.
It was invented by the German
carriage builder Georg
Lankensperger in Munich in 1817
6. Components
• The mechanism consist of 4 links ( ground , Two
rocker , coupler ) and it is called double crank
7. Types of Acckermann
-Anti-Ackermann: In Anti
Ackermann geometry,
the inner tire does not
turn as much as the
outer tire with the same
input steering angle.
-Parallel Steer: In parallel
steer both the wheels
will turn by the same
amount with same input
steering angle
-Ackermann
geometry: the
inner tire in a
corner turns
more than the
outer tire with
the same input
steering angle.
8. Advantages:
• -It prevents tyre from
slipping outward while
turning the vehicle.
• -It increases the
controllability of vehicles
by using shorter tyre rods.
• -Ackerman steering
geometry makes the tyre
toe-out which enables
them to easily drive
through steep
manoeuvres.
• - It requires less effort to
operate.
Disadvantages:
Is Ackermann steering still
used?
Modern cars do not use pure
Ackermann steering, partly
because it ignores important
dynamic and compliant
effects.
