Capitulum Tertium Derivatives
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This document provides Latin roots and their derivatives in English. It covers terms relating to dominance, importance, cities, modification, harm, beauty, scarcity, sound, calmness, and calling. Many of the Latin roots and their English derivatives have similar or related meanings.
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The document discusses how to form the future perfect tense in Latin. It is formed in three steps: 1) find the perfect stem by removing the -i from the third principal part, 2) add "eri" to the perfect stem, and 3) add the personal endings. It provides examples of conjugating regular verbs like amo and duco in the future perfect. It also notes that the future perfect is always translated to English using "will have" and gives examples of translating conjugated verbs into English. Finally, it states that while sum and possum are irregular, their future perfect forms are still regular.
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The document discusses how to form the future perfect tense in Latin. It is formed in three steps: 1) find the perfect stem by removing the -i from the third principal part, 2) add "eri" to the perfect stem, and 3) add the personal endings. It provides examples of conjugating regular verbs like amo and duco in the future perfect. It also notes that the future perfect is always translated to English using "will have" and gives examples of translating sample conjugations. Finally, it states that while sum and possum are irregular, their future perfect forms follow the typical pattern.
Chapter 17 Future Perfect Tense
The document discusses how to form the future perfect tense in Latin. It is formed in three steps: 1) find the perfect stem by removing the -i from the third principal part, 2) add "eri" to the perfect stem, and 3) add the personal endings. It provides examples of conjugating regular verbs like amo and irregular verbs like sum and possum in the future perfect. The future perfect is always translated to English using "will have".
Chapter 17 pluperfect tense
The document discusses how to form the pluperfect tense in Latin. It is a 3 step process: 1) find the perfect stem by removing the -i from the third principal verb part, 2) add "era" to the perfect stem, 3) add the personal endings used in the imperfect tense. It provides examples of forming the pluperfect of amo, duco, moneo, capio, sum and possum and notes that the pluperfect is always translated to English using the word "had".
Chapter 17 Pluperfect Tense
The pluperfect tense in Latin is formed in 3 steps: 1) Find the perfect stem by removing the "-i" from the 3rd principal verb part. 2) Add "era" to the perfect stem. 3) Add the personal endings used in the imperfect tense. The pluperfect is always translated to English using the word "had", such as "amaveram" meaning "I had loved". Even irregular verbs like "sum" and "possum" follow these steps to form the pluperfect.
Forming the pluperfect
The pluperfect tense in Latin is formed by taking the perfect stem of the verb, adding "era" to the stem, and then adding the personal endings. The perfect stem is formed by taking the third principal part of the verb and removing the "-i". The pluperfect is always translated to English using "had". It is formed regularly even for the irregular verbs "sum" and "possum".
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The pluperfect tense in Latin is formed in 3 steps: 1) Find the perfect stem by removing the "-i" from the 3rd principal verb part. 2) Add "era" to the perfect stem. 3) Add the personal endings used in the imperfect tense. The pluperfect is always translated to English using the word "had", such as "amaveram" meaning "I had loved". Even irregular verbs like "sum" and "possum" follow this formation pattern to create their pluperfect forms.
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This document reviews the use of third person pronouns in both Latin and English. It provides charts showing the third person singular and plural pronouns and their case forms. It explains that the case of a pronoun is determined by its use in the sentence and that pronouns must agree with their antecedents in gender and number. Examples are given to illustrate how the pronouns are used as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, and with prepositions.
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Demonstrative pronouns must agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. To choose the correct demonstrative, determine the gender, number, and case of the noun and find the matching demonstrative on reference charts. The charts show the singular and plural forms of hic, haec, hoc and ille, illa, illud and their translations, with endings that follow typical declension patterns. Examples demonstrate using the right demonstrative based on agreement with the modified noun.
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This document discusses the use of pronouns in Latin and English. It notes that pronouns replace nouns and must agree with their antecedents in gender and number. The case of a Latin pronoun is determined by its use in the sentence. Charts are provided for 1st and 2nd person Latin pronouns showing their forms in the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, and ablative cases. Examples are given to illustrate how the Latin pronouns translate the cases in a similar way to English, with the nominative as subject, genitive for possession, dative for indirect object, and accusative for direct object.
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Capitulum Tertium Derivatives
- 2. Dominate: to control, govern, rule, or influence. Dominant: exercising the most influence or control. Domineering: overbearing. Dominus: master
- 3. Paramount: of chief concern of importance. Tantamount: equivalent in effect or value. Surmount: overcome, conquer. Mons: mountain
- 4. Suburb: community outlying a city. Interurban: connecting urban areas. Urban: relating to a city. Urbanity: polished courtesy. Urbs: city
- 5. Alter: to change; modify. Alteration: modification. Altercation: heated argument. Alternate: to proceed by turns. Subaltern: lower in position or rank. Altruistic: concerned for the welfare of others. Altera: another
- 6. Dismal: causing gloom or depression. Maladjustment: in adequate adjustment. Malady: disease; ailment. Malaria: disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Malcontent: dissatisfied. Malediction: a curse. Malefactor: an evildoer. Malevolent: malicious; wishing to do harm Malice: a desire to do harm; spite. Malus: bad
- 7. Malicious: deliberately harmful or spiteful. Malign: to speak evil of; to slander. Malignant: causing great harm. Malnutrition: having a poorly balanced diet. Maltreat: to treat in a cruel way; abuse. Malus (continued)
- 8. Pulchritude: beauty. Pulcher: pretty
- 9. Paucity: scarcity; a lack of. Pauci: few
- 10. Audio: sound signal. Audible: able to be heard. Audience: spectators or listeners at a performance. Auditory: relating to hearing. Inaudible: unable to be heard. Audit: hear
- 11. Sedate: to calm. Sedative: having a soothing or calming effect. Sedentary: requiring much sitting; inactive. Sediment: material that settles to the bottom of a liquid. Sedimentary: rocks formed when sediment is deposited and compacted. Sedet: sit
- 12. Advocate: supporter; defender. Convocation: calling together. Equivocal: ambiguous. Evoke: to summon or call forth. Invoke: to call on a higher power for help. Provoke: to call to anger. Vocal: relating to the voice. Vocation: a calling; career. Revoke: to cancel; to call back. Vociferous: loud; noisy. Vocabulary: all the words of a language. Vocat: calls