This document provides information on identifying key genetic players in various types of cancer through the use of PCR arrays. It begins by outlining the 8 hallmarks of cancer and corresponding PCR arrays to study related pathways. It then discusses using RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays to profile key gene expressions and outlines the simple workflow of PCR arrays. The remainder of the document identifies genetic players and key pathways for several major cancer types, including breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma. For each cancer type, it lists a relevant PCR array and discusses differentially expressed, methylated, or regulated genes and important signaling pathways.
This document discusses cancer drug targets and profiling key genes related to cancer treatment. It begins with an overview of actively investigated cancer drug target genes across various categories like growth factors and receptors, protein kinases, apoptosis genes, and more. It then discusses profiling gene expressions using RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays which allow analyzing 84 pathway genes along with controls. The document also discusses detecting gene mutations using Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays designed around clinically relevant mutations. Finally, it discusses analyzing histone modifications of drug target genes using epigenetic approaches, as histone modifications influence gene transcription and cell response to drug regimens.
A quick introduction of Genomic Testing Cooperative (GTC).
We strive to offer advanced genomic testing to communities everywhere at an affordable price.
We utilize a cooperative business model that enables academic and commercial laboratories to help physicians treat patients locally with the most advanced precision medicine.
We embrace disruptive deep learning and advanced technology to create scalable efficiencies, incomparable precision, and a more personalized approach to patient care.
https://www.genomictestingcooperative.com
The document discusses cancer immunotherapy and biomarkers. It provides diagrams of immune checkpoint blockade showing how CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors work. It lists FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors across different cancer types. Emerging immunotherapy targets and combinations are discussed, as well as current and emerging biomarkers like PD-L1 expression, MSI/MMR status, and tumor mutational burden that can help identify patients most likely to respond to immunotherapy. Practice aids provide more details on mechanisms, targets, and biomarker testing.
The document summarizes recent developments in cancer immunotherapy, focusing on immune checkpoint blockade and the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells. It notes that between 2011-2016, the FDA approved several immune checkpoint inhibitors (targeting PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4) for various cancer types including melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. While these drugs have shown success, many patients still do not respond. The document discusses using engineered mesenchymal stem cells to deliver immunotherapeutic agents directly to tumors, with the goal of overcoming adaptive immune resistance in the tumor microenvironment and improving response rates to immunotherapy.
1) The document discusses tumor immunology and mechanisms of tumor immune evasion. It describes how tumors can downregulate MHC expression, secrete immunosuppressive factors, inhibit T cell function through checkpoint pathways like PD-1/PD-L1, and recruit immunosuppressive cells like Tregs.
2) Checkpoint pathways like CTLA-4 and PD-1 normally regulate T cell activation, but tumors can exploit these pathways to evade immune destruction by overexpressing ligands that bind these inhibitory receptors.
3) Several immunotherapies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 have been developed including ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrol
This presentation (in English) made at ONCOTRANS in Besançon on Friday 3rd 2017 reviews the potential for TGF-beta inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma based on preclinical and clinical data.
Lo que un reumatólogo debe saber de inmunoterapia contra el cáncer, abreviadoMauricio Lema
1. The document discusses various mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors that target CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways.
2. Key immunotherapy drugs discussed are ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab which target CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 and have shown efficacy in treating cancers like melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and kidney cancer.
3. Several clinical trials are summarized that demonstrate improved survival outcomes for immunotherapy compared to chemotherapy or standard treatments in various cancer types and treatment settings.
This document discusses research on using regulatory T cells (Tregs) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Key points include:
1) Tregs show promise in controlling GVHD while retaining the graft-versus-leukemia effect in mouse models of allogeneic HCT.
2) Studies demonstrate that higher levels of Tregs early after HCT in patients correlate with less severe acute GVHD.
3) Researchers have developed methods to successfully expand Tregs from umbilical cord blood (CB) through CD25 selection and CD3/CD28 bead stimulation while maintaining a functional
This document discusses cancer drug targets and profiling key genes related to cancer treatment. It begins with an overview of actively investigated cancer drug target genes across various categories like growth factors and receptors, protein kinases, apoptosis genes, and more. It then discusses profiling gene expressions using RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays which allow analyzing 84 pathway genes along with controls. The document also discusses detecting gene mutations using Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays designed around clinically relevant mutations. Finally, it discusses analyzing histone modifications of drug target genes using epigenetic approaches, as histone modifications influence gene transcription and cell response to drug regimens.
A quick introduction of Genomic Testing Cooperative (GTC).
We strive to offer advanced genomic testing to communities everywhere at an affordable price.
We utilize a cooperative business model that enables academic and commercial laboratories to help physicians treat patients locally with the most advanced precision medicine.
We embrace disruptive deep learning and advanced technology to create scalable efficiencies, incomparable precision, and a more personalized approach to patient care.
https://www.genomictestingcooperative.com
The document discusses cancer immunotherapy and biomarkers. It provides diagrams of immune checkpoint blockade showing how CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors work. It lists FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors across different cancer types. Emerging immunotherapy targets and combinations are discussed, as well as current and emerging biomarkers like PD-L1 expression, MSI/MMR status, and tumor mutational burden that can help identify patients most likely to respond to immunotherapy. Practice aids provide more details on mechanisms, targets, and biomarker testing.
The document summarizes recent developments in cancer immunotherapy, focusing on immune checkpoint blockade and the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells. It notes that between 2011-2016, the FDA approved several immune checkpoint inhibitors (targeting PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4) for various cancer types including melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. While these drugs have shown success, many patients still do not respond. The document discusses using engineered mesenchymal stem cells to deliver immunotherapeutic agents directly to tumors, with the goal of overcoming adaptive immune resistance in the tumor microenvironment and improving response rates to immunotherapy.
1) The document discusses tumor immunology and mechanisms of tumor immune evasion. It describes how tumors can downregulate MHC expression, secrete immunosuppressive factors, inhibit T cell function through checkpoint pathways like PD-1/PD-L1, and recruit immunosuppressive cells like Tregs.
2) Checkpoint pathways like CTLA-4 and PD-1 normally regulate T cell activation, but tumors can exploit these pathways to evade immune destruction by overexpressing ligands that bind these inhibitory receptors.
3) Several immunotherapies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 have been developed including ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrol
This presentation (in English) made at ONCOTRANS in Besançon on Friday 3rd 2017 reviews the potential for TGF-beta inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma based on preclinical and clinical data.
Lo que un reumatólogo debe saber de inmunoterapia contra el cáncer, abreviadoMauricio Lema
1. The document discusses various mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors that target CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways.
2. Key immunotherapy drugs discussed are ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab which target CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 and have shown efficacy in treating cancers like melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and kidney cancer.
3. Several clinical trials are summarized that demonstrate improved survival outcomes for immunotherapy compared to chemotherapy or standard treatments in various cancer types and treatment settings.
This document discusses research on using regulatory T cells (Tregs) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Key points include:
1) Tregs show promise in controlling GVHD while retaining the graft-versus-leukemia effect in mouse models of allogeneic HCT.
2) Studies demonstrate that higher levels of Tregs early after HCT in patients correlate with less severe acute GVHD.
3) Researchers have developed methods to successfully expand Tregs from umbilical cord blood (CB) through CD25 selection and CD3/CD28 bead stimulation while maintaining a functional
This study investigated the effects of artesunate on drug resistance in lung carcinoma cell lines. The results showed that:
1) Artesunate attenuated the viability of drug-resistant lung carcinoma cell lines A549/DDP and SBC-3/ADM and suppressed the multidrug resistance protein BCRP.
2) Artesunate treatment upregulated miR-493-5p expression and downregulated the target gene BRCA1 in the drug-resistant cell lines.
3) Silencing miR-493-5p reversed the anti-drug resistance effects of artesunate by increasing cell viability and BCRP expression and upregulating the BRCA1 pathway.
This document summarizes a study investigating the role of microRNA-122 (miR-122) in regulating intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study found that miR-122 expression is significantly downregulated in HCC tumors with intrahepatic metastasis. Restoring miR-122 expression in metastatic HCC cell lines reduced in vitro migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vivo. Computational analysis identified multiple target genes of miR-122, including ADAM17, which was shown to be involved in metastasis. Silencing ADAM17 had similar effects as restoring miR-122, reducing in vitro and in vivo measures of metastasis. The study suggests that miR-122 acts as a tumor suppressor
This document reviews microRNAs (miRNAs) related to the occurrence, diagnosis, and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It discusses how some miRNAs act as oncogenes in NSCLC by promoting proliferation, migration, and invasion through targeting tumor suppressor genes. Other miRNAs act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting oncogenes. The expression levels of certain miRNAs have diagnostic and prognostic value for NSCLC. Some miRNAs show potential as biomarkers for early detection of NSCLC or for distinguishing NSCLC subtypes. Circulating miRNAs may also serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and prognosis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in miRNA genes have been associated with survival in NSCLC patients.
1) The expression of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 is higher in temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissues and cells compared to TMZ-sensitive ones.
2) Knockdown of NEAT1 in TMZ-resistant GBM cells decreases their viability and increases their sensitivity to TMZ-induced apoptosis.
3) NEAT1 regulates MGMT, a gene involved in DNA repair and TMZ resistance, at both the mRNA and protein levels in GBM cells. Modulating MGMT expression also impacts TMZ resistance.
Some cancers are very resistant to immunotherapy. Here I talk about two of those, and speculate on the role of the tumor microenvironment in blocking productive anti-tumor immunity.
1) Resveratrol treatment reduced the viability of colon cancer cells and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner by increasing levels of apoptotic markers like cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3.
2) Resveratrol treatment also increased autophagy in colon cancer cells, as evidenced by elevated levels of the autophagy marker MAP1LC3B and increased LC3B dot accumulation, and autophagy inhibition partially reversed the pro-apoptotic effects of resveratrol.
3) Resveratrol further induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in colon cancer cells, upregulating the expression of ER stress markers like IRE1
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression by interacting with microRNAs (miRNAs). This document reviews the roles of circRNAs in human disorders through circRNA-miRNA interactions. It discusses how specific circRNAs like CDR1as have been found to be dysregulated in neurological disorders, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases and can contribute to disease by sponging up certain miRNAs. The prospect of using circRNAs as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis is also mentioned.
This document summarizes key information from 1,812 cancer research abstracts analyzed on the BioTrack platform. BioTrack allows users to aggregate data from multiple sources, automatically annotate and rank abstracts based on preferences, and enable sharing of insights with a team. The summary highlights the most frequently mentioned biomarkers, technologies, applications, therapeutic areas, and companies across the abstracts.
This document summarizes research on mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Key points include:
1) MCL was established as a distinct subtype of lymphoma in 1992 and is characterized by the t(11;14) chromosomal translocation and overexpression of cyclin D1.
2) Current treatments can achieve high response rates but MCL often relapses and no treatment is considered curative for advanced disease.
3) A study found that the combination of lenalidomide and rituximab showed promising efficacy against MCL with an overall response rate of 57% and 33% complete response rate in relapsed/refractory patients.
This document discusses cytogenetic abnormalities in myeloma detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). It summarizes the experience at Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital using FISH to detect abnormalities including t(4;14), t(14;16), del(17p), and 1q gain. Key findings from 105 cases are reported, such as frequencies of 16% for t(4;14), 3% for t(14;16), 6% for del(17p), and 42% for 1q gain. Comparative data from other studies on frequencies of FISH abnormalities are also presented. Examples are provided showing how FISH can help distinguish between myeloma and related disorders in difficult cases.
T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) have proven an impressive therapeutic activity in patients with certain subtypes of B cell leukaemia or lymphoma, with promising efficacy also demonstrated in patients with multiple myeloma. However, in patients with solid tumors, objective responses to CAR-T cell therapy remain sporadic and transient. Key challenges relating to CAR T cells include the lack of tumor exclusive target, restricted CAR-T cell trafficking to tumor sites, antigen escape and heterogeneity as well as a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this report, we review the current state of the CAR-T technologies as a clinical treatment in solid tumor and we highlight the preclinical innovative designs of novel CAR T cell products that are being developed to increase and expand the clinical benefits of these treatments in patients with solid malignancies.
Présentation de Michel Pucéat réalisée durant le cours du réseau international des instituts Pasteur de "Médecine Génomique: du diagnostic à la thérapie " (17-21 octobre 2016)
- miR-449b expression was significantly decreased in human CRC tissues and cell lines compared to normal tissues, and was even lower in metastatic CRC tissues.
- Forced expression of miR-449b in CRC cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro.
- miR-449b was found to negatively regulate MMP2 in CRC cells, and overexpression of MMP2 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-449b on cell invasion and migration.
1) CAR T cells specific for CD19 have shown remarkable success in treating blood cancers but have had limited effect on solid tumors which lack the CD19 antigen.
2) The IMPACT technology uses fusion proteins containing the extracellular domain of CD19 linked to single-chain antibodies targeting other antigens to bridge CAR19 T cells to solid tumors.
3) Experiments showed CAR19 T cells redirected by a CD19-anti-HER2 fusion protein were cytotoxic against HER2-positive ovarian cancer cells in vitro, demonstrating the IMPACT technology can redirect CAR T cells to new tumor targets through antigen bridging.
Slide deck used for video presentation to the OCTS conference. Her2-positive CNS metastases plague refractory breast cancer patients. Here we present our wholly novel approach to cell therapy for the treatment of these patients. #celltherapy #oncology #breastcancer
Normal human prostate epithelial cells (PrEC) are sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, contrary to previous beliefs. TRAIL treatment of PrEC leads to DNA fragmentation and cell death. While PrEC are sensitive, other primary cell types like fibroblasts and endothelial cells are resistant. PrEC contain fewer decoy receptors that inhibit TRAIL's apoptotic signal compared to resistant cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis enhances TRAIL's toxicity in PrEC, suggesting short-lived proteins inhibit aspects of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in these cells. This has implications for using TRAIL as a potential prostate cancer treatment.
Lo que un reumatólogo debe saber sobre immunoterapia del cáncerMauricio Lema
FORO ARTE 2019, 22/03/2019
-- Flagship: toda la información que consideré pertinente (217 diapositivas).
-- La presentación de la conferencia en sí se basa en este repositorio
Dr. maryalice stetler stevenson lymphoma mrdHitham Esam
Flow cytometry can be used to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) in plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma. It provides both prognostic information and a way to measure response to drug therapies. Several factors are important for obtaining high quality flow cytometry results, including using bone marrow aspirates within 24 hours of collection, lysing red blood cells, acquiring sufficient events, and using standardized staining and gating strategies. Detection of MRD by flow post-treatment is predictive of patient outcomes and can guide clinical decision making.
This study investigated the effects of artesunate on drug resistance in lung carcinoma cell lines. The results showed that:
1) Artesunate attenuated the viability of drug-resistant lung carcinoma cell lines A549/DDP and SBC-3/ADM and suppressed the multidrug resistance protein BCRP.
2) Artesunate treatment upregulated miR-493-5p expression and downregulated the target gene BRCA1 in the drug-resistant cell lines.
3) Silencing miR-493-5p reversed the anti-drug resistance effects of artesunate by increasing cell viability and BCRP expression and upregulating the BRCA1 pathway.
This document summarizes a study investigating the role of microRNA-122 (miR-122) in regulating intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study found that miR-122 expression is significantly downregulated in HCC tumors with intrahepatic metastasis. Restoring miR-122 expression in metastatic HCC cell lines reduced in vitro migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vivo. Computational analysis identified multiple target genes of miR-122, including ADAM17, which was shown to be involved in metastasis. Silencing ADAM17 had similar effects as restoring miR-122, reducing in vitro and in vivo measures of metastasis. The study suggests that miR-122 acts as a tumor suppressor
This document reviews microRNAs (miRNAs) related to the occurrence, diagnosis, and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It discusses how some miRNAs act as oncogenes in NSCLC by promoting proliferation, migration, and invasion through targeting tumor suppressor genes. Other miRNAs act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting oncogenes. The expression levels of certain miRNAs have diagnostic and prognostic value for NSCLC. Some miRNAs show potential as biomarkers for early detection of NSCLC or for distinguishing NSCLC subtypes. Circulating miRNAs may also serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and prognosis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in miRNA genes have been associated with survival in NSCLC patients.
1) The expression of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 is higher in temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissues and cells compared to TMZ-sensitive ones.
2) Knockdown of NEAT1 in TMZ-resistant GBM cells decreases their viability and increases their sensitivity to TMZ-induced apoptosis.
3) NEAT1 regulates MGMT, a gene involved in DNA repair and TMZ resistance, at both the mRNA and protein levels in GBM cells. Modulating MGMT expression also impacts TMZ resistance.
Some cancers are very resistant to immunotherapy. Here I talk about two of those, and speculate on the role of the tumor microenvironment in blocking productive anti-tumor immunity.
1) Resveratrol treatment reduced the viability of colon cancer cells and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner by increasing levels of apoptotic markers like cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3.
2) Resveratrol treatment also increased autophagy in colon cancer cells, as evidenced by elevated levels of the autophagy marker MAP1LC3B and increased LC3B dot accumulation, and autophagy inhibition partially reversed the pro-apoptotic effects of resveratrol.
3) Resveratrol further induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in colon cancer cells, upregulating the expression of ER stress markers like IRE1
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression by interacting with microRNAs (miRNAs). This document reviews the roles of circRNAs in human disorders through circRNA-miRNA interactions. It discusses how specific circRNAs like CDR1as have been found to be dysregulated in neurological disorders, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases and can contribute to disease by sponging up certain miRNAs. The prospect of using circRNAs as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis is also mentioned.
This document summarizes key information from 1,812 cancer research abstracts analyzed on the BioTrack platform. BioTrack allows users to aggregate data from multiple sources, automatically annotate and rank abstracts based on preferences, and enable sharing of insights with a team. The summary highlights the most frequently mentioned biomarkers, technologies, applications, therapeutic areas, and companies across the abstracts.
This document summarizes research on mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Key points include:
1) MCL was established as a distinct subtype of lymphoma in 1992 and is characterized by the t(11;14) chromosomal translocation and overexpression of cyclin D1.
2) Current treatments can achieve high response rates but MCL often relapses and no treatment is considered curative for advanced disease.
3) A study found that the combination of lenalidomide and rituximab showed promising efficacy against MCL with an overall response rate of 57% and 33% complete response rate in relapsed/refractory patients.
This document discusses cytogenetic abnormalities in myeloma detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). It summarizes the experience at Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital using FISH to detect abnormalities including t(4;14), t(14;16), del(17p), and 1q gain. Key findings from 105 cases are reported, such as frequencies of 16% for t(4;14), 3% for t(14;16), 6% for del(17p), and 42% for 1q gain. Comparative data from other studies on frequencies of FISH abnormalities are also presented. Examples are provided showing how FISH can help distinguish between myeloma and related disorders in difficult cases.
T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) have proven an impressive therapeutic activity in patients with certain subtypes of B cell leukaemia or lymphoma, with promising efficacy also demonstrated in patients with multiple myeloma. However, in patients with solid tumors, objective responses to CAR-T cell therapy remain sporadic and transient. Key challenges relating to CAR T cells include the lack of tumor exclusive target, restricted CAR-T cell trafficking to tumor sites, antigen escape and heterogeneity as well as a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this report, we review the current state of the CAR-T technologies as a clinical treatment in solid tumor and we highlight the preclinical innovative designs of novel CAR T cell products that are being developed to increase and expand the clinical benefits of these treatments in patients with solid malignancies.
Présentation de Michel Pucéat réalisée durant le cours du réseau international des instituts Pasteur de "Médecine Génomique: du diagnostic à la thérapie " (17-21 octobre 2016)
- miR-449b expression was significantly decreased in human CRC tissues and cell lines compared to normal tissues, and was even lower in metastatic CRC tissues.
- Forced expression of miR-449b in CRC cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro.
- miR-449b was found to negatively regulate MMP2 in CRC cells, and overexpression of MMP2 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-449b on cell invasion and migration.
1) CAR T cells specific for CD19 have shown remarkable success in treating blood cancers but have had limited effect on solid tumors which lack the CD19 antigen.
2) The IMPACT technology uses fusion proteins containing the extracellular domain of CD19 linked to single-chain antibodies targeting other antigens to bridge CAR19 T cells to solid tumors.
3) Experiments showed CAR19 T cells redirected by a CD19-anti-HER2 fusion protein were cytotoxic against HER2-positive ovarian cancer cells in vitro, demonstrating the IMPACT technology can redirect CAR T cells to new tumor targets through antigen bridging.
Slide deck used for video presentation to the OCTS conference. Her2-positive CNS metastases plague refractory breast cancer patients. Here we present our wholly novel approach to cell therapy for the treatment of these patients. #celltherapy #oncology #breastcancer
Normal human prostate epithelial cells (PrEC) are sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, contrary to previous beliefs. TRAIL treatment of PrEC leads to DNA fragmentation and cell death. While PrEC are sensitive, other primary cell types like fibroblasts and endothelial cells are resistant. PrEC contain fewer decoy receptors that inhibit TRAIL's apoptotic signal compared to resistant cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis enhances TRAIL's toxicity in PrEC, suggesting short-lived proteins inhibit aspects of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in these cells. This has implications for using TRAIL as a potential prostate cancer treatment.
Lo que un reumatólogo debe saber sobre immunoterapia del cáncerMauricio Lema
FORO ARTE 2019, 22/03/2019
-- Flagship: toda la información que consideré pertinente (217 diapositivas).
-- La presentación de la conferencia en sí se basa en este repositorio
Dr. maryalice stetler stevenson lymphoma mrdHitham Esam
Flow cytometry can be used to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) in plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma. It provides both prognostic information and a way to measure response to drug therapies. Several factors are important for obtaining high quality flow cytometry results, including using bone marrow aspirates within 24 hours of collection, lysing red blood cells, acquiring sufficient events, and using standardized staining and gating strategies. Detection of MRD by flow post-treatment is predictive of patient outcomes and can guide clinical decision making.
Cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis and cancerSurender Rawat
1. The document discusses various aspects of the cell cycle, including its key phases and regulating molecules. It notes that the cell cycle includes growth, DNA replication, chromosome separation, and cytokinesis.
2. Major regulatory molecules discussed include cyclins, CDKs, Rb protein, and checkpoints like START that ensure DNA damage is repaired before progression.
3. External factors like nutrients and growth signals regulate the cell cycle at transition points like the G1/S boundary through pathways involving cyclins, CDKs, and Rb.
An Overview of Prostate Cancer - Creative BiolabsCreative-Biolabs
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men and predominately affects elderly men with higher incidence. Deregulated production and secretion of growth factors by stromal cells within the PCa microenvironment, as well as mutations in androgen signaling pathway components and further physiological modifications, potentially lead to systemic recurrence of the cancer, including the appearance of focal tumor in advanced stage. Optimizing early diagnosis and developing targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer are the key to improving the survival rate of patients. The slide named An Overview of Prostate Cancer is created by Creative Biolabs who provides high-quality antibody production with advanced research tools, professional technical support, and rapid global delivery. In the slide, we will give you a comprehensive introduction to prostate cancer and its signaling pathways, diagnostics markers and targeted therapies, as well Creative Biolabs’ antibody-related products and services. It is believed that you can fully understand how important it is to optimize early diagnosis and develop targeted drugs.
An Overview of Pancreatic Cancer - Creative BiolabsCreative-Biolabs
Pancreatic cancer is one of the malignant tumors with strong invasiveness, high degree of deterioration and low surgical resection rate in the digestive system. Optimizing early diagnosis and developing targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer are the key to improving the survival rate of patients. The slide named an overview of pancreatic cancer is created by Creative Biolabs who provides high-quality antibody production with advanced research tools, professional technical support, and rapid global delivery. In the slide, we will give you a comprehensive introduction to pancreatic cancer and its signaling pathways, diagnostics markers and targeted therapies, as well as Creative Biolabs’ antibody-related products and services. It is believed that you can fully understand how important it is to optimize early diagnosis and develop targeted drugs.
Thyroid cancer (TC) remains the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide and its incidence and mortality has increased steadily over the last four decades. Thyroid cancer is commonly diagnosed at a younger age than most other adult cancers. Therefore, in order to improve the benefit of screening and the survival rate of patients, it is very important to establish a system of early diagnosis and targeted therapy for thyroid cancer. The slide named an overview of thyroid cancer is created by Creative Biolabs who provides high-quality antibody production with advanced research tools, professional technical support, and rapid global delivery. In the slide, we will give you a comprehensive introduction to thyroid cancer and its signaling pathways, diagnostics markers and targeted therapies, as well as Creative Biolabs’ antibody-related products and services. If you have any need for antibodies, please feel free to contact us.
George D. Demetri, MD, Alexander Drilon, MD, and Anna F. Farago, MD, PhD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to TRK fusions for this CME activity titled "Making the TRK to Precision Medicine in Cancer: The Promise of Targeting TRK Fusions in Lung, Breast, GI, and Other Tumors." For the full presentation, monograph, complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/2Koxibm. CME credit will be available until July 8, 2019.
The document provides information about epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its role in development, disease, and signaling pathways. It discusses:
1) The differences between epithelial and mesenchymal cell markers and properties. 2) How EMT converts epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells through disrupting cell adhesion and interactions with the extracellular matrix. 3) The transient and context-specific nature of EMT. 4) The role of EMT in embryogenesis, cancer progression and metastasis, and fibrosis. 5) Signaling pathways and factors that activate and suppress EMT such as TGF-β, Wnt, Notch, hypoxia, and inflammation. 6) How EMT generates cancer stem-like cells and
Anna F. Farago, MD, PhD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to TRK fusions for this CME/MOC activity titled "The TRK to Tumor-Agnostic Care in Solid Tumors: A Pathology-Focused Guide to the Clinical Role of TRK Fusions in Personalizing Cancer Therapy." For the full presentation, monograph, complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/2B5pvJy. CME/MOC credit will be available until February 6, 2020.
Dr. José Baselga - Simposio Internacional 'Terapias oncológicas avanzadas'Fundación Ramón Areces
Los días 15 y 16 de octubre de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces y la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia, en colaboración con la Fundación de la Innovación Bankinter, reunieron en Madrid a algunos de los mayores expertos mundiales en nuevas terapias contra el cáncer. El Simposio Internacional, coordinado por la profesora y académica María José Alonso, analizó el momento actual de la lucha contra esta enfermedad. También fue un punto de encuentro para científicos de los más innovadores institutos de investigación en oncología, quienes debatieron sobre tres grandes temas: la Medicina Personalizada contra el cáncer, los nanomedicamentos en la terapia del cáncer y las terapias basadas en la inmunomodulación.
This is the Powerpoint presentation from my recent presentation at the TTP LabTech US Acumen Users Group Meeting (UGM) held at the British Consulate-General in Cambridge, MA on May 18, 2010
This document summarizes research finding that elevated activity of the Akt protein protects prostate cancer LNCaP cells from apoptosis induced by TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand). The researchers found that LNCaP cells have high constitutive Akt activity due to lack of the PTEN lipid phosphatase. Inhibiting PI3-kinase, which activates Akt, sensitized LNCaP cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. TRAIL alone activated caspases 8 and XIAP in LNCaP cells but failed to induce full apoptosis. Combining TRAIL with Akt inhibitors allowed cleavage of BID and subsequent mitochondrial apoptosis steps. Akt inhibition of BID cleavage appears to mediate the protective effect
A novel platform for in situ, multiomic, hyper-plexed analyses of systems bio...Rafael Casiano
The document describes a novel platform called MultiOmyx that enables simultaneous imaging of protein and nucleic acid biomarkers at a subcellular level in tissue samples. It allows for quantification of biomarkers in individual cells while preserving spatial architecture. Analysis of a colon cancer cohort revealed extensive immune cell heterogeneity between patients and unexpected patterns of signal transduction pathway activation at single cell levels. This highlights the unique capability of MultiOmyx to provide novel insights into biological mechanisms through multiomic, hyper-plexed tissue analysis.
Future Horizons in the Japanese Cancer Diagnostics Market: Supplier Shares an...ReportsnReports
This document provides a 590-page report on the Japanese cancer diagnostics market, including test volume and sales forecasts through 2022 for 40 tumor markers across hospital, commercial, and physician office settings. It highlights key issues in the Japanese laboratory practice and analyzes economic, regulatory, demographic, and technological trends impacting the market. The report also profiles major suppliers and provides strategic recommendations.
A study using a novel matrix analysis (called “PiSCES”) to observe the network activity of TCR signaling proteins in alopecia areata that revealed a subnetwork of basal T cell signaling complexes which could provide new molecular candidates for pharmacologic targeting.
This document provides a summary of established and emerging targeted agents for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS). It discusses approved agents such as olaratumab and pazopanib which target PDGFRα and multiple receptor tyrosine kinases respectively. Emerging agents targeting EZH2, XPO1, ALK, ROS1, NTRK1-3, and MET are discussed including their mechanisms of action and current clinical trial statuses. The identification of gene fusions such as NTRK fusions is also summarized, highlighting the potential for next-generation sequencing to efficiently detect these drivers across cancer types.
This document provides a table of contents and list of tables for a report on current and emerging cancer diagnostic tests. The table of contents outlines 33 sections that will cover major current tumor markers, biochemical tumor markers, oncogenes, polypeptide growth factors, ectopic hormones, colony stimulating factors, lymphokines, and emerging tumor markers. It also lists appendices on universities involved in cancer diagnostic research and tables on tumor marker classification and companies developing various diagnostic tests.
Future Horizons in the UK Cancer Diagnostics Market: Supplier Shares and Sale...ReportsnReports
This 575-page report provides a comprehensive analysis of the UK tumor marker testing market, including 10-year test volume and sales forecasts for 40 tumor markers across hospital, commercial, and physician office market segments. It highlights key issues in UK laboratory practice and analyzes the impact of economic, regulatory, demographic, social, and technological trends. The report also profiles current and emerging suppliers and provides strategic recommendations.
BioMAP<sup>®</sup> Primary Human Cell-Based Systems for Drug DiscoveryBioMAP® Systems
The document discusses BioMAP, a platform using primary human cell-based disease models to characterize compounds and discover their mechanisms of action and toxicity. It can assess over 2000 compounds across diverse pathways and targets. BioMAP generates biological profiles for compounds and uses these to classify compounds by similarity of mechanism. It has been used in collaborations to efficiently profile EPA ToxCast compounds and identify unexpected targets. The platform bridges molecular and cellular data to help validate targets and indications and connect to in vivo studies.
This document discusses various diagnostic tools used in oncology, including tumor markers, immunohistochemistry, immunocytology, cytogenetics, molecular diagnosis, and gene expression analysis. It provides details on tumor markers including their definition, classification, factors that affect serum levels, and indications for use. It also discusses immunohistochemistry in detail, covering tumor antigens, immunoreactivity, clinical applications for diagnosis, predicting therapy response and prognosis, and specific carcinoma markers like cytokeratins, CEA, and hormone receptors.
Пятницкий М.А. Подбор персонализированной противоопухолевой терапии путем сис...bigdatabm
The document discusses developing a personalized cancer treatment approach through integrating multi-omics data from next-generation sequencing to identify molecular mechanisms and potential drug sensitivities of individual tumors. It presents a workflow that sequences tumor and non-tumor tissue, analyzes the exome, transcriptome and other omics data using bioinformatics, and integrates the data to generate hypotheses about a patient's cancer development and possible targeted pharmaceutical interventions. The goal is to rationally select therapies based on an individual tumor's oncogenesis model and avoid ineffective treatments.
Styles of Scientific Reasoning, Scientific Practices and Argument in Science ...Elsa von Licy
The document discusses various topics related to scientific reasoning, practices, and argumentation including different styles of scientific thinking, features of scientific knowledge, and teaching and learning science. It provides examples of "crazy ideas" in science that are now accepted, examines the role of argument in science, and outlines the scientific practices and central questions of science. It also discusses developing models, planning investigations, analyzing data, and constructing explanations as key scientific practices.
Anti-philosophy rejects traditional philosophy and logic, instead embracing creativity, spirituality, and personality. It considers philosophy to be dead, kept alive artificially by analytic philosophers. The document criticizes how philosophy is currently taught and argues it has become unproductive, replacing original aims with nonsense. Anti-philosophy's goal is not to destroy philosophy but to transform its current state and avoid fundamentalism in philosophy and science.
There is no_such_thing_as_a_social_science_introElsa von Licy
This document provides an introduction and overview of the arguments made in the book "There is No Such Thing as Social Science". It begins by stating the provocative title and questioning whether the authors will take it back or qualify their position.
It then outlines three ways the term "social science" could be used - referring to a scientific spirit of inquiry, a shared scientific method, or reducibility to natural sciences. The authors argue against the latter two, methodological and substantive reductionism.
The introduction discusses how opponents may accuse the authors of being a priori or anti-reductionist, but argues that those defending social science are actually being dogmatic by insisting it must follow a scientific model. It frames the debate as being
This document discusses integrating theory and empiricism in the study of complex human behavior using nonlinear dynamical models and information theory. It provides three examples of research that use nonlinear dynamics: 1) An experimental economics study that documents cultural variation across societies. 2) Modeling the rise and fall of agrarian societies as a nonlinear dynamical system. 3) Research on nonlinear social learning that combines experimental economics with gene-culture coevolutionary theory. It advocates for crossing disciplinary boundaries and drawing on ideas from biology, ecology and evolution to better understand human behavioral complexity.
This document summarizes a report on the state of the world's antibiotics in 2015. It finds that antibiotic resistance is a growing threat as misuse of antibiotics is making once-treatable infections more difficult to cure. Rising incomes are increasing antibiotic access but also driving inappropriate use. Increased demand for meat is also leading to greater antibiotic use in agriculture. The report analyzes global patterns of resistance and use, the existing and future antibiotic supply, and interventions to promote more rational antibiotic use. It proposes six country-level policy strategies based on partnerships in eight countries to formally address the issue of antibiotic resistance.
Principles and neurobiological_correlates_of.5Elsa von Licy
1) The document discusses different types of meditation, including concentrative meditation which focuses attention on a single object, and diffuse meditation which involves open monitoring of sensory experiences.
2) It provides an overview of the neurobiological correlates and effects of these meditation practices, such as their impact on attention regulation networks in the brain.
3) Mindfulness-based meditation programs used in clinical settings are derived from concentrative and diffuse meditation techniques described in Buddhist traditions. These programs have shown effectiveness for various mental health conditions.
A short history of man — progress and declineElsa von Licy
This document provides a summary of three key events in human history: 1) The origin of private property and the family, which emerged during the Neolithic Revolution and shaped human life for thousands of years; 2) The origin of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century in England, which marked humanity's escape from Malthusian conditions of stagnant population and living standards; 3) The development of the state from monarchies to modern democracies over the 20th century. The author aims to explain these pivotal historical developments and evaluate social change using the conceptual frameworks of Austrian economics and libertarianism.
1. Identify the Key Players and Their
Regulators in Major Cancer Types
Jesse Liang, Ph.D.
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Sample & Assay Technologies
2. 8 Hallmarks of Cancer
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The 8 Hallmarks of Cancer (Cell, March 2011):
1. Sustaining proliferative signaling
2. Evading growth suppressors
3. Resisting cell death
4. Enabling replicative immortality
5. Inducing angiogenesis
6. Activating invasion and metastasis
7. Reprogramming energy metabolism
8. Escaping immune destruction
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Sample & Assay Technologies
3. Corresponding PCR Arrays to Study These Hallmarks
1. Cell Cycle
2. Apoptosis
3. Cell Death Pathway Finder
4. Telomeres and Telomerases
5. Angiogenesis
6. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and Adhesion Molecules
7. EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition)
8. Tumor Metastasis
9. Cell Motility
10. Energy Metabolism
11. Innate and Adaptive Immune Response
12. Cancer Pathway Finder
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http://www.sabiosciences.com/ArrayList.php
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Sample & Assay Technologies
4. Profile Key Gene Expressions –
Using RT2 Profiler PCR Array
84 Pathway-Specific
Genes of Interest
5 Housekeeping Genes
Genomic DNA
Contamination Control
Reverse Transcription
Controls (RTC)
Positive PCR Controls
(PPC)
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Sample & Assay Technologies
5. Simple Workflow of PCR Arrays
cDNA Synthesis (kit)
45 minutes
Load Plates (Use 8-Channel
Pipettors)
2 minutes
Run 40 cycle qPCR Program
2 to 2.5 hours
compatible with all major
real-time PCR instruments
Upload and Analyze Data
15 minutes
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Sample & Assay Technologies
6. Identify the Key Genetic Players in Breast Cancer
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Breast Cancer PCR Array
http://www.sabiosciences.com/rt_pcr_product/HTML/PAHS-131A.html
Breast cancer can be classified into normal breast-like, luminal, HER2-like, and basallike (also inaccurately called triple-negative) tumors.
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Tumor Classification Markers:
Luminal: ESR1 (ERa), FOXA1, GATA3, KRT8, KRT18, SLC39A6, TFF3, XBP1.
HER2-like: ERBB2 (HER2), GRB7.
Basal-like / Triple Negative: BIRC5, EGFR, KRT5, NOTCH1.
Metastasis to Lung: ID1, MMP2 (Gelatinase A), PTGS2 (COX2).
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Signal Transduction:
Steroid Receptor-Mediated: AR, BRCA1, CCNE1, CTNNB1, ESR1 (ERa), ESR2 (ERß),
IGF1, KRT19, PGR, RB1.
Hedgehog: BCL2, CCND1, GLI1, SNAI2.
Glucocorticoid: IGFBP3, NME1 (NM23A), NR3C1 (GRL).
Classical WNT: APC, CCND1, CTNNB1, SFRP1.
PI3K/AKT: AKT1, ERBB2 (HER2), IGF1, IGF1R, PTEN.
NOTCH: BIRC5, NOTCH1.
MAPK: MAPK1 (ERK2), MAPK3 (ERK1), MAPK8 (JNK1), TP73.
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Sample & Assay Technologies
7. Breast Cancer Subtypes
Subtype
These tumors tend to be
Prevalence
Luminal A
ER+ and/or PR+, HER2-, low Ki67
42-59%
Luminal B
ER+ and/or PR+, HER2+ (or HER2with high Ki67)
6-19%
Triple
negative/basal-like
ER-, PR-, HER2-, cytokeratin 5/6 +
and/or HER1(EGFR)+
14-20%
HER2+
ER-, PR-, HER2+
7-12%
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Sample & Assay Technologies
8. Identify the Key Genetic Players in Lung Cancer
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Lung Cancer PCR Array
http://www.sabiosciences.com/rt_pcr_product/HTML/PAHS-134A.html
non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)
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Differentially Methylated Promoters: APBA1, APC, CADM1, CDH1, CDH13, CDKN1C,
CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CXCL12, CYP1B1, DLC1, FHIT, MGMT, MLH1, MTHFR, OPCML,
PRDM2, RASSF1, RASSF2, SFRP1, TCF21
Metastatic Potential: ANXA5, DUSP6, ERBB3, HGF, HMMR, IRF4, LCK, MET, MMD, NF1,
STAT1, STAT2
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Differentially Expressed Genes in Adenocarcinoma (AC) Versus Squamous Cell
Carcinoma (SCC):
Higher in AC than in SCC: CLCA2, DSG3, KRT5, KRT14, SPRR1A
Higher in SCC than in AC: AGR2, LGSN, NKX2-1, SFTA3, SPINK1
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Up-Regulated in Lung Cancer: CEACAM5, COL11A1, CP, CXCL13, GREM1, MKI67,
MMP1, MMP12, SPINK1, SPP1, TOP2A, TOX3
Down-Regulated in Lung Cancer: AGER, CA4, CLDN18, CLIC5, FABP4, GPM6A,
SCGB1A1, SFTPC, SOSTDC1, WIF1
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Sample & Assay Technologies
13. Methylation PCR Arrays
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1. DNA Digestion
Genomic DNA sample is aliquoted into four equal portions:
a. Mock Digest (Mo)
No enzymes are added in this reaction. The product of the mock digestion
represents the total amount of input DNA for real-time PCR detection.
b. Methylation Sensitive Digest (Ms)
Cleavage with a methylation-sensitive enzyme will digest unmethylated and
partially methylated DNA. The remaining (hyper)-methylated DNA will be
detected by real-time PCR.
c. Methylation Dependent Digest (Md)
Cleavage with a methylation-dependent enzyme will preferentially digest
methylated DNA. The remaining unmethylated DNA will be detected by realtime PCR.
d. Double Digest (Msd)
Both enzymes are added in the double digest, and all DNA molecules (both
methylated and unmethylated) will be digested. This reaction measures the
background and the fraction of input DNA refractory to enzyme digestion.
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2. Real-Time PCR
3. Data Analysis
We provide user-friendly free online data analysis tool.
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Sample & Assay Technologies
14. What Methylation PCR Array Offers – a Quick Screening Tool
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What Does Methylation PCR Array Offer?
http://www.sabiosciences.com/dna_methylation.php
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Disease or Pathway Focused: Simultaneously detect DNA
methylation of 24-96 genes on a 96-well or 384-well plate.
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Genome-Wide Coverage: DNA methylation analysis of any human,
mouse or rat genes. You can also order individual primers for an individual
gene. Ordering custom array is also welcome.
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Easy, Fast & Reliable: Simple restriction enzyme digestion followed
by optimized qPCR. No bisulfite conversion, cloning or sequencing.
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Sample & Assay Technologies
21. Important Note
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Please Note:
If you study lung cancer, for example, I greatly recommend
that you use regular Lung Cancer PCR Array and Methylation
Lung Cancer PCR Array to get corresponding results. This
applies to other cancer types, also to apoptosis, cell cycle,
DNA damage, EMT, tumor suppressors, and cancer-related
miRNAs researchers.
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Sample & Assay Technologies
22. Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays
Custom available!
We also provide over 900 individual gene assays:
http://www.sabiosciences.com/mutationproductlist.php?tab=browsebygene
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Sample & Assay Technologies
23. Overview 45-Signaling Pathway Activity in a Cell Assay
Transcription factor activity can be used as a readout for the activation status of signal
transduction pathways. Therefore, the development of reliable cell-based assays to
measure transcription factor activity is a crucial technology for fast and efficient global
functional genomics and chemical genetics studies.
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Cignal 45-Pathway Reporter Array is a novel cell-based assay for monitoring 45 cell
signaling pathways in cultured cells in a single experiment. You can observe
phenotypes and quantitate as a dual-luciferase assay.
http://www.sabiosciences.com/reporter_assay_product/HTML/CCA-901L.html
For individual assay: http://www.sabiosciences.com/reporterproductList.php
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Sample & Assay Technologies
24. We Provide Service – Send Samples to Us & Receive Results!
Whole Genome
Illumina Gene Expression Profiling
Illumina Genotyping
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Pathway / Focused Panel
Mutation Profiling
Methylation
PCR Array
miRNA PCR Array
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Individual Gene / Locus
Mutation Detection
Methylation
qPCR
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Sample Preparation – DNA, RNA Extraction and Purification
Cells, Tissue or Biofluids
Fixed Tissue
Small Sample
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http://www.sabiosciences.com/servicecore.php
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Sample & Assay Technologies