1. Everwondered how a snake’s glistening skin stays clean and moist even while
it slithers through murky holes, slush, slime and dust? Or of the marvelous
ways in which a camel keeps the desert sand out of its eyes and nose?
Nature has forever left us mystified with its bizarre ways of providing simple
solutions to complex tribulations, a strategy that is a resultant of over 3.8
billion years of R&D. The failures are seen in the form of fossils while what
surrounds us today are the survivors, who regenerate against all odds
adapting themselves to live in harmony with Nature.
Man is not only inspired by these creatures and organisms in nature, but
also started imitating them to create infallible systems and structures based
on their special attributes – a phenomenon known as ‘Bio-mimicry’. Even in
the construction industry people draw inspiration from the natural world
making exciting departures from the rectilinear boxes that have dominated
architectural history.
Taking cues from bio-mimicry, L&T, the largest engineering and construction
organization in India has built scores of wonderful structures, most of which
are landmarks in their own right. L&T takes pleasure in presenting the
year 2011 Calendar drawing an analogy between some of these animals
and plants with the functional aspects of various buildings, structures and
equipment executed by the Company, across the globe.
Inspirations from Nature
Calendar 2011

2. January 2011
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Marinascape in Dubai – a hi-rise office, commercial and residential project
The weaver birds are rightly named for the highly complex nests they build.
Usingelementarymaterialsuchasleaf-fibers,grassandtwigs,thesemarvelous
little birds build amazingly beautiful nests which become a crucial part of
their courtship process. The social weaver of Africa, however, is reputed for
its ‘apartment-house’ nest. About 100 to 300 pairs of birds live in separate
flask-shaped chambers which are entered by tubes located at the bottom of
the nest. These nests can measure upto 10 feet in height and 15 feet in width
completed with a roof of straw thatch!
It is obvious that a Master Weaver has taught the weaver bird its building
skills, we at L&T have designed and built several residential townships and
apartments across India and the GCC countries facilitating people to enjoy
high-class luxurious living.
Weaver Bird

3. February 2011
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Dam spanning river Kurket
Beaver, the prolific builder is acknowledged for its construction skills and
celebrated as one of the few animals capable of re-engineering landscapes.
It is common knowledge that they build their homes known as ‘lodges’ only
in pools. What is amazing is that they create these pools by building dams
across streams. The beavers fell trees and move material several times their-
own weight. It takes the beaver only 20 minutes to cut down a tree 6 inches
in diameter. The beavers dig up canals to haul logs which would otherwise
be impossible to transport by land. The beavers are capable of building dams
complete with spillways and passageways overnight!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has given the beaver its dam building
acumen, we at L&T undertake turnkey construction of dams covering all civil
and electro-mechanical works.
Beaver

4. March 2011
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Termites are excellent masons who build their mounds with intricately
designed spires and a main central shaft. The mound uses a complicated
system of ventilation shafts to control the temperature within and the tallest
spire can rise to almost 40 feet. The actual home of the termites is the holes
that are below the ground level. The termites build the mounds only as
an environment conditioning system to keep the lighting, temperature, air
quality and humidity constant. This environmental conditioning is necessary
because the termites ‘farm’ a kind of fungus for its food that grows only in
these conditions!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has given the termites their masonry skills,
we at L&T offer design and consultancy services including seismic qualification
for pump house, cooling towers, head-end facility including the ventilation
stacks and reactor/turbine buildings for Nuclear Power Plants.
Termite Mounds
Unit 3&4 of Tarapur Atomic Power project

5. April 2011
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Spider Web
The spider silk or gossamer is just one tenth the diameter of human hair but
is ten times superior to high-grade steel in tensile strength. It is very light,
yet highly ductile with an ability to stretch 140 % of its strength without ever
breaking!
It is obvious that a Master Chemist designed the material property of a spider
web, we at L&T design and build bridges of all types and span ranges using
ingenious cutting-edge construction techniques that include cable stay. We
even build large span auditoriums, sports stadiums, hotels and hospital
buildings with central domes and atriums akin to these spider webs.
425m Wadi-Abdoun cable-stayed bridge at Amman, Jordan

6. May 2011
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Dragonfly
A pair of eyes on the dragonfly consists of nearly 60,000 lenses. What is more
spectacular is that the brain of a dragon fly processes thousands of images from
each lens to provide a 360 degree view of the world.
Another amazing fact is that the dragonfly can detect movements separated by
1/300th
of a second. This means that to a dragonfly, a movie might look like a
series of still pictures. Flight is a major asset apart from sight. A dragonfly can fly
in any direction and even hover at the same position!
ItisobviousthataMasterAviatorhasgiventhedragonflyitsspectacularsightand
aviationskills,weatL&TaredrivingtheairportrevolutioninIndia,buildingvirtually
every major new international airport in the country. L&T offers engineering,
procurement and construction services for modern airport terminal complexes
from bold concept to breathtaking reality.
Terminal 3 at Indira Gandhi, International Airport New Delhi.

7. June 2011
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Leaves
Trees are perhaps the primary reason of life support on earth. The tree
in-turn is wholly dependent on its leaves - the production center that can
manufacture its own food using energy from the Sun through a process
known as photosynthesis. The amount of energy trapped by photosynthesis
is immense. It is approximately 100 terawatts per year which is seven times
the global power consumption!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has commissioned leaves as the power
houses of the world, we at L&T offer EPC Solutions for producing green
solar power covering all key elements in solar value chain. With booming
opportunity in the renewable energy sector, L&T is gearing up to meet the
emerging challenges.
Solar photovoltaic power system installed on the roof-tops of various
buildings at L&T Campus, Chennai

8. July 2011
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Badgers are known as the fastest digging animals in the world. Badgers live
together in large extensive system of underground tunnels called “setts”.
They can dig through even asphalt paved areas and can disappear below the
surface within minutes. They dig with their long claws and powerful legs to
burrow themselves beneath the ground. The badgers are capable of digging
faster than a man would be able to dig if he were using a shovel!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has taught the badger how to dig so fast,
we at L&T have made vital contributions to the development of transportation
infrastructure, particularly in the area of rail and road tunnels including
construction of underground metro rail corridors. L&T also constructs
large underground caverns for storage of LPG including power house and
transformer caverns for hydro power projects.
Badger
Underground tunnel for the Metro Rail Transit System for Delhi Metro

9. August 2011
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A section of the concrete paved six-lane Mumbai-Pune expressway
The Peregrine falcon is the world’s fastest bird. It can spot a pigeon from a
distance of more than 5 miles under ideal conditions. They can hunt mid-flight
and in a dive towards their prey, they can reach speeds of upto 320 kmph.
These birds are also distinguished for their migratory skills for travelling over
25,000 kilometers in a year!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has given these falcons their outstanding
migratory skills, we at L&T create high quality road infrastructure for
transportation to enable travelling at speeds of 90-110 kmph. We construct
roads, highways and expressways conforming to international standards and
our expertise also include construction of race tracks and test tracks for high-
speed motor sports.
Peregrine falcon

10. September 2011
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The Quacking Aspen at Utah, U.S.A, also known as the Pando, is 80,000 years
old and is considered a single tree because its trunks, known as branches,
sprout from the same complex root system. The Pando covers 105 acres,
contains more than 47,000 stems and weighs over 6 million kilograms. The
roots near damper areas ferry water to the branches that are miles away and
bring back nutrients that may be available in the drier areas. This is the secret
of the Pando’s survival by defying other species of trees and even forest
fires!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has given these aspen their water
handling capability, we at L&T lay pipelines for critical water transmission and
distribution projects in India and abroad for various metros, urban, municipal
and rural customers apart from leak detection and rectification works. Our
capability spectrum includes laying of complex cross-country pipelines for the
oil & gas industry too.
Pando
Bisalpur - Jaipur water supply pipeline - part of India’s largest integrated water
supply project in Rajasthan

11. October 2011
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Rhino beetles are among the largest of beetles and are amazingly strong. They
are rated as the world’s most strongest creature for their capability of lifting
850 times their own weight. This means if an average human being had the
strength of the rhinoceros beetle, he would be able to lift a 65 ton object!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has given these beetles their material
handling capabilities, we at L&T design, manufacture and supply a wide range
of material handling equipment that covers wagon loading systems, stockyard
equipment, port handling equipment and conveyor systems.
Rhino Beetle
700 litre bucket-wheel excavator manufactured and supplied for the
Mines II Expansion Project of Neyveli Lignite Corporation

12. November 2011
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Dolphins are extremely intelligent mammals that are capable of communicating
with each other in a language of their own using sonar and special chemical-
sensing organs. They are almost constantly making sounds of one of two kinds,
either communicative or navigational. For navigation and echolocation they
produceaclicklikesoundandsquealsatdifferentpitchesforcommunicatingwith
one another. These communication signals are capable of travelling across many
miles in the ocean!
It is obvious that a Master Engineer has taught dolphins to transmit signals, we at
L&T have executed stringing of Optic Fibre Ground Wires over live transmission
lines using sophisticated technique under tough conditions in different parts of
thecountry. Asapartofbuildingrailwayinfrastructure,wealsoundertakerailway
signaling and telecommunication systems for all types of railway constructions.
Dolphins
A typical extra high-voltage transmission line tower which carries optic
communication cables

13. December 2011
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The honeybee is considered as the most evolved of all fauna since the time it
splitfromthebumblebee60millionyearsago.Perhaps,thisevolutionhasgiven
the honey bees a highly complex social behaviour. The worker bees typically
perform nursing for the first week, later involve themselves in maintenance
duties such as wax secretion, guarding, undertaking, nectar processing, etc.
When they are middle-aged they switch to foraging and finally retire doing
colony defense duty. Man has emulated many management principles such as
job rotation, division of labour and multi-tasking from these fascinating hard
workers!
It is obvious that a Master Manager has given the bees their project planning,
execution and management capabilities. We at L&T have the best of minds
workingconstantlyonmajorEPCprojectsinvolvingcomprehensiveengineering
services. They carry out engineering, procurement, manufacture, supply,
construction and commissioning of projects well within the stipulated time
schedules, as is the culture at L&T.
Honeybee
Vizag Steel Plant where L&T carried out engineering, procurement, manufacture,
supply, construction and commissioning.