American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
iCamp: How might we help people to understand about Mental Health?
This iCamp was a particularly emotional one. During an iCamp, participants share their experiences. The men and women in the room shared real stories of mental health struggles that impacted family members, friends, and themselves.
The room was part brainstorm, part group therapy, as people spoke about the difficulties of finding the right care, of being targeted by judgemental people in their communities, and of the emotional toll of dealing with a loved one that was struggling, for example.
One story that was particularly striking involved a participant telling the story of how it took her family twenty years to find the right care for her family member.
Tools of Ethnographic Analysis in Service DesignTaneli Heinonen
Talk at Source, Deloitte Digital Melbourne.
Service design is a genuinely multi-disciplinary enterprise that borrows methods and thoughts from a wide spectrum of fields. Service designers work on problems from discovery to solution, which requires a good understanding of different stages and a capability to switch the mode of thinking between analytical and creative.
Framing the problem, getting users right and proceeding with the right insights is often crucial for the success of a service design project. Methods of ethnographic research are often used in the insight part of the projects, but the tools of analysis are applied more rarely.
Aim of this talk was to present some analytical tools of ethnographic research and social sciences that could provide new viewpoints into the process of crafting insights.
iCamp: How might we help people to understand about Mental Health?
This iCamp was a particularly emotional one. During an iCamp, participants share their experiences. The men and women in the room shared real stories of mental health struggles that impacted family members, friends, and themselves.
The room was part brainstorm, part group therapy, as people spoke about the difficulties of finding the right care, of being targeted by judgemental people in their communities, and of the emotional toll of dealing with a loved one that was struggling, for example.
One story that was particularly striking involved a participant telling the story of how it took her family twenty years to find the right care for her family member.
Tools of Ethnographic Analysis in Service DesignTaneli Heinonen
Talk at Source, Deloitte Digital Melbourne.
Service design is a genuinely multi-disciplinary enterprise that borrows methods and thoughts from a wide spectrum of fields. Service designers work on problems from discovery to solution, which requires a good understanding of different stages and a capability to switch the mode of thinking between analytical and creative.
Framing the problem, getting users right and proceeding with the right insights is often crucial for the success of a service design project. Methods of ethnographic research are often used in the insight part of the projects, but the tools of analysis are applied more rarely.
Aim of this talk was to present some analytical tools of ethnographic research and social sciences that could provide new viewpoints into the process of crafting insights.
41. International Markets and Profit Sanctuaries Read the Te.docxtroutmanboris
4
1. International Markets and Profit Sanctuaries
Read the Tesla and Ford Motors case studies in the text (Cases 16 and 18). Jot down any additional thoughts based on your general knowledge of the automotive industry and personal experience with buying, driving, fueling and maintaining cars. Background research may be needed to satisfy your curiosity and answer questions raised by your readings and recollections.
Questions
Please answer all of the following questions:
Chapter 7
What (a) options and (b) approaches have Tesla and Ford Motors used to compete in international markets? Which is the more successful international competitor?
Do either of these two companies have profit sanctuaries? If so, how are they being used?
2. The elevator pitch is one of the most important tools in an entrepreneur’s toolkit
Discuss what an elevator pitch is, how long it should be, and what elements it should include. Who is your potential audience?
Perform a YouTube search for the ABC series Sharktank
Provide a link to a really good example of a pitch and tell us why you liked that pitch
Please submit your discussion board post
3. Build on the idea that you developed in Week 3 and complete the First Screen Test Assignment
Revise your concept description into a well-written, one-page document so that a potential investor can identify exactly what your solution does
4/7/2019 Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
https://ncuone.ncu.edu/d2l/le/content/122307/viewContent/1252318/View?ou=122307 1/35
CHAPTER 8
Qualitative Methods
It was not the detachment, the distance, or the objectivity, we believed, that made a research project
great, it was the involvement, the closeness, and the subjectivity. We never heard anyone praise an
ethnography by saying, “Wow, you really kept your distance from the participants.” Rather, research
generated credibility by the closeness of researchers to their respondents and by how well they
captured the essence of the lives and perspectives of the people they studied.
—Adler and Adler, 2012, p. 18
Selecting a qualitative research team: Research team members may be selected based on commitment
to the research process, counseling skills, and cultural competence, including respect for the
dimensions of African cultural values. . . . Counseling skills equip team members with the ability to
self-reflect, build rapport, and otherwise respectfully interact with participants.
—Lyons, Bike, Johnson, and Bethea, 2012, p. 159
This study examines the impact of the zero-tolerance policies on Black males’ educational experiences
and outcomes. Individual interviews were conducted with Black males who dropped out of high school.
Using counter storytelling within a critical race theory framework, Black males discussed the influence
of the zero-tolerance policies on their school experiences.
—Caton, 2012, p. 1055
In This Chapter
• Reasons for choo.
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at...Csdi Initiative
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at the animal-human-ecosystem interface
Keynote presentation by
Thomas Abraham
Director, Public Health Communications Programme,
The University of Hong Kong
Value Education Essay. Importance of Value Education: Essay amp; Speech Leve...Shannon Bennett
Importance of Value Education: Essay amp; Speech Leverage Edu. The Value of Education Essay Sample Order-Essay.org. Value of Education Essay in 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 Words for Class 1-12. essay examples: importance of education essay. Unit I Introduction of Value Education PDF Value Ethics Happiness. Value of education essay. Values Education Essay. 2019-02-18. Essay on importance of education in 1000 Words - EnglishGrammarSoft. Buy the value of higher education essay 100. Essay on Values Values Essay for Students and Children in English - A .... Value Education Essay Telegraph. importance of higher education essay. Essay websites. Write essay on Importance of Education English. case study for value education. Essays on Education Importance, Value, Meaning amp; Purpose in Life. The value of a college education essays. the text on this page is written in red and blue. Value Of College Education Essay - Value of a college education essay .... Speech on value of education essays. Value of Education Essay. 2019-01-07. Value of Education Essay in English for Students 500 Words Essay. WRTG111 Core Value Essay - Core Values Essay Courage, Commitment, and .... Essay On Moral Value. Essay on value education. Value of educati
French Essay.pdfFrench Essay. French a level essay help - writefiction581.web...Nicole Heinen
Describe Your Vacation in French Essay - Moses-has-Stout. Causes of the French Revolution - Free Essay Example PapersOwl.com. French Cuisine Essay Example - PHDessay.com. french essay - GCSE Modern Foreign Languages - Marked by Teachers.com. Sample essay on france. French school - GCSE Modern Foreign Languages - Marked by Teachers.com. Unique Essay About France Thatsnotus. How To Write French Essay. French essay phrases pdf. The French Revolution 1st essay. essay examples: french revolution essay. French Essay - 1. How To Write A French Essay A Level - Ahern Scribble. French a level essay help - writefiction581.web.fc2.com. French essay titles for AS Teaching Resources. Frightening Essay In French Thatsnotus. 30 Useful French Essay Phrases and Transition Words in French. French essay phrases a level - writefiction581.web.fc2.com. My favourite sports essay in french. 003 Essay Example In French Thatsnotus. 7 NEW GCSE FRENCH SAMPLE ESSAYS WITH TRANSLATION Teaching Resources. 30 Useful French Essay Phrases and Transition Words in French в⃜ How .... Pin on Writing. French Essay - 2. French essay sample - copywriterschecklist.web.fc2.com. French Essay - International Baccalaureate Languages - Marked by .... AS French - how to write an essay Teaching Resources. Gcse french essay health - persepolisthesis.web.fc2.com French Essay French Essay. French a level essay help - writefiction581.web.fc2.com
Audience Perspective, Fun Message, Online Media Commercial Impressions with I...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:Objective: This research is motivated by the world situation, all countries are squirming out of
economic stagnation. The commercial message is a moving symbol of the industry. Post-pandemic, commercial
messages show their creativity to look more attractive. Commercial messages on the one hand are needed to find
information on products and services. Commercial messaging is also needed in providing alternative options. In
the midst of the dense frequency and intensity of impressions, commercial messages are able to compete with
other media content. On the other hand, some people avoid commercial messages with skip behavior, because
commercial messages are considered annoying and boring. Others enjoy commercial messaging as entertaining
and fun content. There are viewers who want a commercial message but some who don't. method: The research
uncovered pleasant commercial messages. A pleasant message will create an effective commercial message
because the commercial message is able to be conveyed to the viewer. Commercial messages were studied with
phenomenological analysis as a method from Smith.
Results: The messages as findings are proposed by presenting a different angle from previous research studies,
namely the aspect of phenomenological interpretative analysis.Implication: This research builds awareness and
understanding for the public about commercial message advertising, which is fun, continues to be seen, the
message is conveyed and to support marketing success.Conclusions: Marketers understand people's preference
for today's busy world but they need brands and lifestyles
KEYWORD : Message, commercial, Fun, Online Media.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
41. International Markets and Profit Sanctuaries Read the Te.docxtroutmanboris
4
1. International Markets and Profit Sanctuaries
Read the Tesla and Ford Motors case studies in the text (Cases 16 and 18). Jot down any additional thoughts based on your general knowledge of the automotive industry and personal experience with buying, driving, fueling and maintaining cars. Background research may be needed to satisfy your curiosity and answer questions raised by your readings and recollections.
Questions
Please answer all of the following questions:
Chapter 7
What (a) options and (b) approaches have Tesla and Ford Motors used to compete in international markets? Which is the more successful international competitor?
Do either of these two companies have profit sanctuaries? If so, how are they being used?
2. The elevator pitch is one of the most important tools in an entrepreneur’s toolkit
Discuss what an elevator pitch is, how long it should be, and what elements it should include. Who is your potential audience?
Perform a YouTube search for the ABC series Sharktank
Provide a link to a really good example of a pitch and tell us why you liked that pitch
Please submit your discussion board post
3. Build on the idea that you developed in Week 3 and complete the First Screen Test Assignment
Revise your concept description into a well-written, one-page document so that a potential investor can identify exactly what your solution does
4/7/2019 Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
https://ncuone.ncu.edu/d2l/le/content/122307/viewContent/1252318/View?ou=122307 1/35
CHAPTER 8
Qualitative Methods
It was not the detachment, the distance, or the objectivity, we believed, that made a research project
great, it was the involvement, the closeness, and the subjectivity. We never heard anyone praise an
ethnography by saying, “Wow, you really kept your distance from the participants.” Rather, research
generated credibility by the closeness of researchers to their respondents and by how well they
captured the essence of the lives and perspectives of the people they studied.
—Adler and Adler, 2012, p. 18
Selecting a qualitative research team: Research team members may be selected based on commitment
to the research process, counseling skills, and cultural competence, including respect for the
dimensions of African cultural values. . . . Counseling skills equip team members with the ability to
self-reflect, build rapport, and otherwise respectfully interact with participants.
—Lyons, Bike, Johnson, and Bethea, 2012, p. 159
This study examines the impact of the zero-tolerance policies on Black males’ educational experiences
and outcomes. Individual interviews were conducted with Black males who dropped out of high school.
Using counter storytelling within a critical race theory framework, Black males discussed the influence
of the zero-tolerance policies on their school experiences.
—Caton, 2012, p. 1055
In This Chapter
• Reasons for choo.
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at...Csdi Initiative
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at the animal-human-ecosystem interface
Keynote presentation by
Thomas Abraham
Director, Public Health Communications Programme,
The University of Hong Kong
Value Education Essay. Importance of Value Education: Essay amp; Speech Leve...Shannon Bennett
Importance of Value Education: Essay amp; Speech Leverage Edu. The Value of Education Essay Sample Order-Essay.org. Value of Education Essay in 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 Words for Class 1-12. essay examples: importance of education essay. Unit I Introduction of Value Education PDF Value Ethics Happiness. Value of education essay. Values Education Essay. 2019-02-18. Essay on importance of education in 1000 Words - EnglishGrammarSoft. Buy the value of higher education essay 100. Essay on Values Values Essay for Students and Children in English - A .... Value Education Essay Telegraph. importance of higher education essay. Essay websites. Write essay on Importance of Education English. case study for value education. Essays on Education Importance, Value, Meaning amp; Purpose in Life. The value of a college education essays. the text on this page is written in red and blue. Value Of College Education Essay - Value of a college education essay .... Speech on value of education essays. Value of Education Essay. 2019-01-07. Value of Education Essay in English for Students 500 Words Essay. WRTG111 Core Value Essay - Core Values Essay Courage, Commitment, and .... Essay On Moral Value. Essay on value education. Value of educati
French Essay.pdfFrench Essay. French a level essay help - writefiction581.web...Nicole Heinen
Describe Your Vacation in French Essay - Moses-has-Stout. Causes of the French Revolution - Free Essay Example PapersOwl.com. French Cuisine Essay Example - PHDessay.com. french essay - GCSE Modern Foreign Languages - Marked by Teachers.com. Sample essay on france. French school - GCSE Modern Foreign Languages - Marked by Teachers.com. Unique Essay About France Thatsnotus. How To Write French Essay. French essay phrases pdf. The French Revolution 1st essay. essay examples: french revolution essay. French Essay - 1. How To Write A French Essay A Level - Ahern Scribble. French a level essay help - writefiction581.web.fc2.com. French essay titles for AS Teaching Resources. Frightening Essay In French Thatsnotus. 30 Useful French Essay Phrases and Transition Words in French. French essay phrases a level - writefiction581.web.fc2.com. My favourite sports essay in french. 003 Essay Example In French Thatsnotus. 7 NEW GCSE FRENCH SAMPLE ESSAYS WITH TRANSLATION Teaching Resources. 30 Useful French Essay Phrases and Transition Words in French в⃜ How .... Pin on Writing. French Essay - 2. French essay sample - copywriterschecklist.web.fc2.com. French Essay - International Baccalaureate Languages - Marked by .... AS French - how to write an essay Teaching Resources. Gcse french essay health - persepolisthesis.web.fc2.com French Essay French Essay. French a level essay help - writefiction581.web.fc2.com
Audience Perspective, Fun Message, Online Media Commercial Impressions with I...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:Objective: This research is motivated by the world situation, all countries are squirming out of
economic stagnation. The commercial message is a moving symbol of the industry. Post-pandemic, commercial
messages show their creativity to look more attractive. Commercial messages on the one hand are needed to find
information on products and services. Commercial messaging is also needed in providing alternative options. In
the midst of the dense frequency and intensity of impressions, commercial messages are able to compete with
other media content. On the other hand, some people avoid commercial messages with skip behavior, because
commercial messages are considered annoying and boring. Others enjoy commercial messaging as entertaining
and fun content. There are viewers who want a commercial message but some who don't. method: The research
uncovered pleasant commercial messages. A pleasant message will create an effective commercial message
because the commercial message is able to be conveyed to the viewer. Commercial messages were studied with
phenomenological analysis as a method from Smith.
Results: The messages as findings are proposed by presenting a different angle from previous research studies,
namely the aspect of phenomenological interpretative analysis.Implication: This research builds awareness and
understanding for the public about commercial message advertising, which is fun, continues to be seen, the
message is conveyed and to support marketing success.Conclusions: Marketers understand people's preference
for today's busy world but they need brands and lifestyles
KEYWORD : Message, commercial, Fun, Online Media.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Development (AJMRD)
Volume 3, Issue 04 (April- 2021), PP 24-33
ISSN: 2360-821X
www.ajmrd.com
Multidisciplinary Journal www.ajmrd.com Page | 24
Research Paper Open Access
A cursory look at the Genesis and Activities of Kumasi
Rehabilitation Centre; Cheshire Home
Philomena Obu
Department of Art Education University of Education, Winneba
Abstract: The study sought to document the beginnings and activities of Kumasi Rehabilitation Centre, called
Cheshire Home, a premier rehabilitation centre in Ghana.Inmates of Cheshire Home are usually taken through
employable skills that make them significant after training. 5 respondents, made up of 4 tutors or instructors and an
administrator, Chief Psychiatric Nurse were interviewed. In addition, documents were reviewed while observation
was also done to unearth the genesis and activities of the Centre. It was revealed that in–service vocational training in
drawing, painting, textiles, shoemaking,designing and fashion are some of the sections of operation in the Cheshire
Home. The Home was initiated by a Catholic Archbishop and finally established in 1987. It is recommended that
government and other philanthropist make a policy to strengthen vocational training at the various psychiatric
hospitals and units.
Keywords: Mental patients, rehabilitation; vocational training; inmates; psychiatric.
I. Introduction
Mental illness or psychiatric disorder is a behavioural or mental pattern that causes significant distress
or impairment of personal functioning. Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitting, or occur as a
single episode(Mayo clinic, 2019).Many disorders have been described, with signs and symptoms that vary
widely between specific disorders. Such disorders may be diagnosed by a mental health professionals. Mental
patients appear dishevelled as patients tend to neglect themselves as shown in careless dressing. Gombilla
(1997) noted their behaviours and described them:
They are untidy and unclean as a result of failure to take care or their personal hygiene like bathing and
washing clothes. Some of them tend to talk more than usual, faster and louder and about things that do not
concern them; they are also inscrutable, diffident and importunate. Facial expressions may suggest anxiety,
depression or lack of interest in the surroundings, they are sometimes fixed and unchanging unnecessarily
violent and some have a sense of persecution and suicidal tendencies. Most of them sleep very little or not at all
and wake up early to start working, talking or moving about. (p.34)
Due to their hallucinations which are visual, auditory and others, they are usually fearful as they consist
of unpleasant, frightening and terrifying images, instructions or feeling. They are most of the time threatened or
tortured as a result, the patient is extremely restless and keeps on fighting assumed imaginary, psychological or
realistic (spiritual) enemies by making incoherent gestures or gesticulations.
In Ghana, it is generally known that there is a strong stigma and family shame attached to having a
mental ill patient or discharged mental patients due to misunderstanding of mental health matters and the idea
that mental illness must be attributed to spiritual or demonic causes and therefore the families of such
discharged mental psychiatric patients are not readily able to take them back. They suffer relapses and end up in
the streets. These people need rehabilitation before going back to their families and to the community.
Fortunately, since 1993, the Kumasi Cheshire Home has begun offering a number of services to such people.
Thus, people who have experienced mental break-downs, treated and discharged from psychiatry hospitals are
given vocational training skills to enable them become significant at the job market. This is done before they go
back to their families and to the communities. Unfortunately, the activities of such an institution are not known
and documented for posterity. The study also documents the genesis of the institution with their approved
programmes. It is believed that documenting the history and activities of the institution will lay a very good
foundation for accepting the mental patients into the Ghanaian community and reduce such discriminations and
ill perceptions about mental patients who have recovered.
II. Reviewof Related Literature
Obu (2010) asserted that, rehabilitation involves the process where the disabled are treated medically and
provided an agreeable craft for an idle moment in the centre. Rehabilitation takes place at the psychiatric
2. A cursory look at the Genesis and Activities of Kumasi Rehabilitation …
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hospital as occupational therapy or after the discharge from the psychiatric hospital to a rehabilitation home
which is known as the aftercare. Indeed, rehabilitation is considered essential to make these ex-patients
acceptable in society and community. Poldinger and Krambeck, as cited in Glime (1995) consider rehabilitation
as re-integration and post treatment efforts. This includes all measures which serve the medical restoration,
vocational re-qualification and the social re-integration of the ex-patients. Also, art making is a form of healing
and again is a form of healing within a psychotherapeutic relationship.
Vocational rehabilitation is based on the premise that work is good for mental health. For many
patients who have never learnt vocational skill, the feeling of competence and productivity resulting from a
trade produces positive psychological reinforcement. The importance of vocational rehabilitation has been
emphasized by Mateer and Sira (2006) that “it has become evident that emotional or social rehabilitation is often
ineffective without major attention to vocational rehabilitation” (p.320). Earlier on, Miller (1998) observed that
mental patients become restless when they are alone or had nothing doing. This therefore suggests that when
various vocations were introduced to mental institutions, it would occupy them.
III. Methodology
The study was a qualitative research to describe and document the genesis of Kumasi Rehabilitation
Centre as well as the activities of the various sections and departments of the Centre. The study was rooted in
the descriptive researchdesign since it sought to describe the processes involved in the vocational training of
inmates in Kumasi rehabilitation centre. Descriptive design is a research in which the researcher is solely
interested in describing the situation or case under study in their research study (Baxter & Jack, 2008).
Descriptive research helps others better understand the need for the research. Descriptive research is a research
that focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through process of data collection(Englander, (2012).
The participants involved the administrator as well as the tutors or instructors of the main sections of their
programmes. Textile section, Fashion and Tailoring section, Painting and drawing section as well as shoe
making section. These respondents were purposively sampled for the study since they were the right people who
could supply the exact data needed in the study. Some other documents of the institution that cover accreditation
and Government backing were also reviewed. Some activities from the sections were also observed.
Observation included the equipment used in the various sections. How the tie and dye and the batik are taught
were also observed. Other secondary sources were made to supplement the primary data collected. The various
sections were described to match the activities of the Centre.
IV. Results and Discussion of Findings
4.1 Sections of Kumasi Rehabilitation Centre
4.1.1Painting and Drawing Section
Drawing is defined by using lines to create a design, often in imitation of place or thing. Painting is
defined by the use of paint, another medium to create colours and values to produce artwork (Davis, 2016).
Drawing focuses on lines and shading, and painting focuses on forms and colour. Drawing is a form of visual art
in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.
Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, various kinds of erasers, markers styluses, and various metals
(such as silverpoint). Common methods of digital drawing include a stylus or finger on a touchscreen device,
stylus -or finger-to-touchpad, or in some cases, a mouse. There are many digital art programs and devices.
A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark. The most
common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, wood, plastic, leather,
canvas, and board, may be used. The fundamental means of public expression throughout human history. It is
one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas. In addition to its more artistic
forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical
drawing. A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch. An
artist who practices or works in technical drawing may be called a drafter, draftsman or a draughtsman.
Inmates use their hands and fingers to apply the media. The inmate‟s choice of drawing strokes affects the
appearance of image. In Pen and ink drawing, they often used hatching-groups of parallel lines. Cross- hatching,
they used hatching in two or more different directions to create a darker tone.
Tools and materials
1. Paintbrushes
2. Watercolour paints
3. Crayons
4. Coloured pencils
5. Markers
6. No.2 pencils
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7. Ordinary printer paper
8. A pencil sharpener
9. An eraser
10. Scissors
11. A ruler
12. A tape or glue
4.1.2 Shoe Making Section
Shoemaking is a person whose occupation is making or repairing shoes (Merriam-Webster, 2020). Shoemaker is
a person who makes shoes and other footwear as a profession. Shoe maker is a person whose business is making
or repairing shoes. Shoemaking is the process of making footwear (Mathew, 2020). A shoemaker is someone
who makes designs and repairs footwear. The original name for a shoemaker was cordwainer. Historically,
shoes were made one shoe at a time by hand, but this has somewhat been replaced by the shoe manufacturing
industry, producing shoes at far greater rate than sole shoemakers can. There are still shoemakers; however, that
produces quality, detailed and crafted work. Originally, shoes were made one at a time by hand, often by groups
of shoemakers (also known as cordwainers).
Tools and materials used by inmates
1. Knives
2. Shears
3. Scissors
4. Machine Presses
5. Sewing Machines
6. Needles
7. Thread
8. Glue
9. Clamps
10. Various hand tool
11. Rivets
The inmates used knives, shears, scissors, or machine presses to cut out parts of designs, patterns or
outlines. Sewing machines, needles and thread, glue and clamps were used to repair and decorate or
construct leather products according to people‟s needs and specifications. Certain desired effects were
achieved by using dye, paint or stain. The inmates engrave or stamp leather to achieve a decorative look
or use stitching to create various shapes.
4.1.3 Textile Section
In the Textiles Section of the vocational training, inmates are introduced to tie and dye and Batik products. The
inmates arealso taken through the tie and dye and batik processes.Thestudy revealed that programme of
activities are drawn for teaching the inmates the tie and dye as well as the batik. The following steps are used in
their training.
1. The inmates are first of all introduced to practical work by finding out if they had any idea of the
dress they wear because most at times, some of them wear tie and dye fabrics.
2. The inmates are then introduced to the tools, materials and equipment used in tie and dye and batik
processes.
3. Preparation of dye is demonstrated to the inmates.
4. The various skills of tying, folding and marbling in tie and dye and stamping process in batik
production are demonstrated to the inmates.
5. The various skills in dyeing and oxidizing fabrics are demonstrated to inmates.
6. Finally, the inmates are assessed by the instructor through the tie and dye and batik fabrics they
produce. The instructor does that ascertain the level of their understanding of the processes in tie and
dye and batik production.
I observed one of the tie and dye as well as batik production processes as follows.
Tools / Materials
1. Mercerized Cotton
2. Vat Dyes –Red, Yellow, Blue
3. Twine
4. Scissors
5. Plastic Bowl or Container
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6. Plastic Spoons
7. Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda)
8. Sodium Hydrosulphite (Hydros)
9. Plastic Cups
10. Wax
11. Stamps (designed wooden stamps)
12. Gas cooker
13. Table (stamping board with foam specially prepared)
14. Pan
Processes Observed in the Tie and Dye Production
In the tie and dye process, the inmates were taught techniques in tie and dye. The inmates were then
allowed to work on their own after the introduction. In the first process, mercerized cotton fabrics were cut to
the required size 36 inches each by inmates to be used for the tie and dye work. Mercerized cotton is used for
the production of batik and tie and dye works for this purpose because the fabric has gone through mercerization
which is a continuous chemical process used for cotton and cotton /polyester goods to increase dye ability,
lustre, and appearance. This process, which is carried out at room temperature, causes the flat, twisted ribbon-
like cotton fibre to swell into a round shape and to contract in length. This causes the fibre to become more
lustrous than the original fibre, increase in strength by as much as 20 percent and increase its affinity for dyes.
These fabrics were folded into the various techniques by the inmates. These techniques were marbling, folding
and twisting.
In the marbling technique inmates placed their wet fabric on a plain rubber which had been spread on
the ground. They then crumpled the fabric from one edge till the whole fabric was crumpled to one whole small.
This reduced the size of the fabric to a compact form.The twisting technique was also used for their tie and dye
fabric. This was done by holding the middle of the fabric and twisting it one end of the fabric to the other till all
the fabric was exhausted. In the folding technique, the fabric was folded into equal sizes in a rectangular shape.
After, they folded it into a triangular shape in order to achieve a diamond shape when the fabric is produced.
The inmates then prepared their dye solution. Vat dyes are insoluble in water; they can be reduced to a leuco
form which is soluble in dilute alkaline solution. When treated with a reducing agent Sodium Hydrosulphite
(Hydros), vat dyes are changed into a reduced form (converted into „leuco compound‟) which is soluble in water
in the presence of an alkali example Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda). The dyes in this solution have an
affinity for the fibre. Vat dyes have good affinity for cotton fabrics. Warm water was measured and poured into
the plastic cup. Then two spoons of Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda) were added to the water and stirred using
the plastic spoon. Plastic spoon is used because it does not react with the caustic soda which contains acid and
the vat dye which can change the colour of the dye in case a metal spoon was used. Three spoons of red vat dye
were added to the caustic soda solution and stirred continuously to achieve a uniform mixture. Three spoons of
Sodium Hydrosulphite (Hydros) was added to the solution and stirred to achieve an aqueous solution. The same
process was used to produce a dye solution for yellow and blue vat dye solution which was used to dye the other
fabrics.
The dye solution was used to dye folded fabric. The inmates poured the red vat dye solution into a big
bowl. They then added a measured quantity of water to the dye in the bowl and stirred with the plastic spoon to
maintain a uniform solution. They then immersed half of the fabric into the dye while wearing their rubber
gloves to prevent the dye from coming into contact with his fingers which can peel off their skin or irritate their
body when it comes into contact with the solution which contains acid which is found in the caustic soda. They
immersed the fabric well to achieve an even dyeing. With the aid of the plastic spoon, they made sure that the
fabric has absorbed the dye without any white places to prevent patches in dyeing. They left the dyed fabric to
oxidize for five to ten minutes. They then immersed the other half of the fabric into the second dye solution
which was blue and dyed the other half of the fabric with the same method. The inmate then removed the fabric
and oxidized it. After oxidation, the fabric was washed in clean water and dried under a shade.
Processes involved in the Batik Production
Batik designing is a form of resistance in textiles production in which wax is used as a form of
resistance which is heated in a pan and as it is hot, the wooden stamp with design on it is dipped into the
wax and used to stamp on the fabric (Oparinde, 2012). The place where wax has occupied becomes the
resistance place where the dye cannot penetrate. In batik production, the fabric can either be dyed first to
create a different background or the white plain fabric can be used.Mercerized cotton can be used in batik
design.
The fabric was first stamped on a padded table with the wooden stamp as shown in the fig. 1
below. The stamped fabric was then folded and immersed in a plastic bowl of blue vat dye solution.
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Fig.1: A stamped fabric done by an inmate
The inmates wearing their gloves turned the fabric in the dye solution for total absorption of the
dye 30 – 45 minutes. Heavy objects e.g. stones were then placed on the fabric for immersion into the dye
solution for total absorption. The fabric was then dried and oxidized for the true colour of the dye for
brightness. The Batik was also immersed into boiling water and stirred with the aid of a stick to remove
the wax from the fabric. The fabric was then removed and placed into cold water in a bowl and washed
with a hard soap to remove excess wax from the fabric.
After the fabric was removed and dried under a shade. The fabric was ironed when it was dry. This
removes excess dye from the fabric and shiny effect for the market.
Figure 2: Batik work produced by inmate
4.1.4 Fashion and Tailoring Section
Fashion design is the art of applying design, aesthetics and natural beauty to clothing and its
accessories(Loschek, 2009).It is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.
Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and
necklaces.
Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing. They consider
who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, and they work within a wide range
of materials, colours, patterns and styles. Though, most clothing worn for everyday wear falls within a narrow
range of conventional styles, unusual garments are usually sought for special occasions such as evening wear or
party dresses. Some clothes are made specifically for an individual, as in the case of haute couture or bespoke
tailoring. The institution makes sure to let the inmates understand this concept and empower them accordingly.
Sewing Equipment, Tools and Aids
Sewing tools are those used actually to attach fabrics pieces together toward completing the sewing
project. Needles and pins are available in a variety of sizes and styles for different users. Pins with coloured
heads rather than flat heads are easier to see in fabric and less likely to get lost.
a) Hand needles
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b) Sharp needles
c) Crewel needles
d) Sharps
e) Ball point needles
f) Straw needles
g) Extra-long dressmaker‟s pins
h) Household pins
i) Dressmaker‟s pins
j) Colour-headed pins
k) Pins
l) Ball point pins
m) A thimble
n) Pins cushion
o) Needle threaded
p) Beeswax
Execution of Garment Construction Projects
There are many means to arrive at the same end in garment making. No situation in garment making
where a single method is used universally. The trainer must select the procedure that would enable the learner to
achieve the best result in the easiest way. Garment construction projects require some essential Trimmings to
make the steps easier to achieve result. It is important that the learner has knowledge of the Trimmings required
for the various processes.
Designing the Garment from Idea to Reality
There are several factors involved in making a garment that looks good and comfortable. The budget
and sewing skills play significant role in making the perfect garment. The designer of a particular garment is
expected to consider in the planning of the purpose of the garment, body type of the wearer as well as comfort.
The purpose of a garment plays a significant part in what the final style will look like which is who, where,
what, when and why. This knowledge is imparted to the inmates.
Who at this stage is the consideration of personality, or the character of the wearer? If the wearer is a
noblewoman, will wear more expensive fabrics like velvets, silk, satins and brocades? If the wearer is a house
help then the garment will be simple and modest using less decoration.
What is the purpose of the garment and what the wearer will be doing in the garment and the activities one will
be involved will substantially influence the choice of the fabric and style of the garment? A party dress, one is
free to choose from a variety of gown styles, including ones with wide skirts, trains, veils and other restrictions
elements.
When is the consideration of the moment in time that the garment will be worn? If dinner wear is worn once or
at most two or three times before putting it away. Although it is nice to consider comfort in garments that are
worn once or twice a month, for a period of a few hours, it is not vital and one may not have to worry as much
about cleaning. A garment for everyday wear on the other hand may be worn every day for several weeks, for
hours on end. This garment needs to fit well. One will want it to be durable and easy to clean, as there are many
more conditions for the garment to get dirty, damaged and sweaty.
Where is the atmosphere in which this garment will be worn? Whether the garment will be won indoors or out,
in the sun, or in the rain, during winter or summer or something to take into account?
Why is consideration of the rationale of making the garment? This is very significant. a special ceremonial
gown, a functional garment, a work wear and many activities have specific requirements for authenticity,
colours and design particulars. Articulating the reason for making the garment helps bring into focus the
particular qualities it has to boast.
Body Type; designing garment and details that complement the body type makes both the garment and the
wearer look better. The eye is instinctively drawn to light colours and shiny surfaces. If the wearer has features
that are to be emphasized, use fabrics with bright colours or fabric with glossy surface. If there are aspects of the
figure one does not want to draw attention to, use darker fabrics in those places. The eye is also drawn by
contrast and line. Garment that has contrasting vertical lines like the centre front guards appear slender.
Horizontal lines on a garment make that area seem wider. Although styles are changing, these basis rules of
fashion are still used today. Many desirables look in the garment style of a period could be accomplished with a
variety of tailoring tricks. For example, padded shoulder could make the shoulders look broader, a pointed
bodice combined with stuffed pleats and distend expanding the hips, make the waist look smaller. Inmates, with
these vast knowledge in sewing, are able to make ends meet after training.
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4.2 History of Cheshire Home: Kumasi Rehabilitation Centre
The study revealed the genesis and the history of the Centre from the interview and documents
analysed. It was revealed that the Kumasi Cheshire Home, a rehabilitation home for the mentally discharged is
located at Edwenase, a suburb of Kumasi. One respondent commented the uniqueness and the genesis of the
Centre:
It is the only rehabilitation home for the mentally discharged in operation in the
country to date. The home was initiated byEmeritusDr Peter KwesiSarpong, the
Catholic Archbishop of Kumasi in September 1982 after the declaration of the
international year of the disabled by the United Nations organization in 1981. He
launched an appeal in conjunction with the friends of the Disabled to create the
awareness of the disabled in the society and how best they could be helped and to be
accepted back into the society. (Respondent I)
It was seen that the establishment had a humble beginning, so after the initiation by the Archbishop, a
steering committee was formed in May 1983 and a decision arrived at to establish a halfway house to cater for
the mentally discharged patients. The creation of awareness of disabled in the society was not without problems
due to the fact that ignorance and superstition made her hostile and reject the mentally sick instead of giving
them support and assist in their recovery and rehabilitation. The mentally discharged is rejected in the Akan
society because it is believed to be inherited from witchcraft and is often met with hostility.
The establishment process continued till it was fully passed in 1987. As one of the respondent indicated:
The Kumasi Cheshire Home was established in 1986 by Arch Bishop of Kumasi
most Rev. Bishop Emeritus of Kumasi with the Assistance of leaders of other
Christian Dominations, Anglican, Presbyterian and Salvation Army. In view of this
situation the Kumasi Cheshire Home was established and was ready by 1987 with
the two residents. Two of the graduates are now attached to the shoe-making section
of the home and one to the Education wing of the Drug Abuse
Department.(Respondent II)
It is worth noting that the home is not a hospital. The Home provides half-way Home for past
psychiatric patients declared fit and sound to go home. These people remained stigmatized and discriminated
against whilst living within their families and they tend to relapse. There are resident nurses to cater for the
health need of the residents. At the home, the residents are given an opportunity to test themselves out in the
community and this help for rapidly recovering residents who are almost ready to take their place in the
community. Such environment is also absolutely essential for the treatment of social disability which is
normally the greatest handicap in rehabilitation of the mentally disordered and discharged. One respondent said:
Although the Home was initiated by the Catholic Bishop, it is non-denominational
and open to all irrespective of class, creed or colour. However, preference is given
to people in Ashanti region for easy follow-up after they have left the home.
(Respondent III)
The home has an occupational therapy department where residents are retrained and those without any
occupation, trained to become useful citizens in the community. The department is made up of tailoring section,
where female residents learn dressmaking, the shoe making section where male residents learn designing and
making of shoes and sandals. There is also the art department where residents learn drawing, painting and
designing.
The home has an occupational therapy department and one respondent commented on the rationale for that:
The main aim of the occupational therapy department of the home therefore is to
counteract boredom and to channel energies into socially useful activities which
might otherwise find outlet in violence and other behaviour disturbances. The aim of
this development is to develop the interest, self-confidence, pride in and achievement
and encourage togetherness, by allowing residents to work together on group
projects. This brings about a greater degree of social interaction where individuals
interact, and learn to know and tolerate one another which clearly of value to those
who because of mental illness become friendless and isolated. (Respondent IV)
It is therefore not surprising that the residents are friendly and co operational which has resulted from the
training given to them.
A personal communication in 2010 with one Adjei (2010) a staff of the home indicated that the
home is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) which is only financed through donations from
individual or Philanthropist such as churches, organizations; both home and abroad. Parents or Guardians
pay token fees to support medication and organizational structure / management. It was found out that the
Cheshire Foundation and the ChristoffelBlinden foundation are the main overseas financiers who provide
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tools and equipment for the training of the residents. Most of the staff of the occupational department are
part time tutors, but this does not affect the smooth running of the department.
Another respondent commented on practical activities and said:
Taking the concentration and span of the continuous attention of the inmates into
consideration, two hours have been allotted to each course or subject and events
certainly make the programme interesting. It gives them the opportunity to go
through all the courses and later select one vocation skill to learn. (Respondent V)
The Home has religious activities, Guidance and Counselling section, Occupational therapy
section and after care or follow up and society against drug abuse (SADA) personnel from the home visit
target groups to educate schools, prisons, community centre to give talk about drug abuse or effects of
abusing hard drugs but because of lack of resources it is not functioning.
The Kumasi rehabilitation centre Cheshire Home aims at to rehabilitating the discharged
Psychiatric patients to go back to the community safe and sound. Adult Psychiatric patients between the
ages of eighteen and fifty -five (18-55) both male and females are admitted. The percentage of males to
females is always about higher than the females. There are nineteen (19) females and 32 males with
females mostly admitted from mood trigger or depression (Schizophrenia in families and Psychosis
disorder) and the males by drug abuse (hard drugs like cocaine, wee, marijuana and alcohol).
In terms of achievement, one respondent revealed:
The Home has effectively rehabilitated a Doctor, Nurses, Professional Teachers,
and Pastors and trained others to live economically sustainable lives. The Home
now houses up to fifty-five (55) residents and three hundred and fifty (350) have
already passed out of the Home since its inception in 1986.(Respondent II).
The documents reviewed revealed the vision, mission and some activities mandated to operate in
the institution.
Vision: to help the mentally ill become economically, psychologically and socially useful people in the society.
Mission: To provide half way-home for discharged psychiatric patients. To rehabilitate and reintegrate
psychiatric patients into their communities, organizations with similar objectives. To enable service users, live
financially independent life.
Activities
Kumasi Cheshire Home rehabilitates discharged psychiatric patients in Ghana for effective reintegration into
their communities safe and sound.
The Home undertakes the following as their main activities:
Continuous medication, Occupational therapy, Guidance and counselling, religious activities, Fellow up/
Aftercare, passed out service users visits the Home for replenishment of their medication free of charge
Curtsey Ministry of Health (Ghana Health Service) through Accra Psychiatric Hospital Pharmacy.
The Home provides field for students for 5th
year medica science students from Kwame Nkrumah
University of Science and Technology (K.N.U.S.T) / KomfoAnokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Physician
Assistants Psychiatry Community Mental Health Officer‟s students from Kintampo college of Health.
Again, Rotation Nurses are posted to do their psychiatry affiliation.
Approved Programme of Rehabilitation for Residents
When a Mental discharged Psychiatric Patient makes his/her first entry to the Home, he/she is first
interviewed to know his/her background and put on admission. If the interview is unsatisfactory, the patient is
referred back to the Psychiatric Hospital but if he is well,the patient is taken on Probation and Art appreciation
for (1) one month. After the (1) one month, he/she is takenfor 2 weeks at each workshop. After the two (2)
weeks, he is given a first term of Nine (9) months.If the is no improvement he is refer to the Psychiatric
Hospital.
Otherwise, after the one (1) month of probation and Art Appreciation, he is asked if he has any trade
and profession. These include; Shoe making, Tailoring,Drawing, Designing,Textiles and Fashion Design.If yes,
he is given (2) two to eight (8) months for trade and profession. If no, he is sent round for selection of a vocation
and for apprenticeship. There is review and assessment after apprenticeship. If it is unsatisfactory, he is given a
1st
Term of 9 months to further study the trade. And still if the condition has not improved, he is referred to the
Psychiatric Hospital treatment stops, and assumedFarewell.
If the profession and performance is satisfactory, after, the review and assessment,the inmateis discharged and
his parents and Guardians are invited. He is assumed Farewell.
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Figure 3: approved programme of rehabilitation for residents
V. Conclusion
Since inmates put themselves in their ideas, wishes, feelings and emotions in their work, as art
educators, we could use art as a tool to diagnose their problems based on the messages that they would convey
through their art and what they say about their art over a period of time. Based on this we could help in tailoring
the educational needs and emotional concern and provide the necessary attention including counselling and art
therapy for each inmate.It is therefore important to include vocational training in rehabilitating all inmates to
enable them fit into their communities. They should be equipped with vocational skills, supported financially by
the government, and their family, so that they can continue to produce these works to be self-employed, which
will occupy them and prevent them from being idle and relapsing back to the psychiatric hospital. A follow up
should be made by this Organisation to monitor their improvement, and their states in their various societies
and communities, and educate the family and societies on mental discharged psychiatric patients living with
them.
There should be more rehabilitation centres and professionals in the field.It describes the results of how
textiles is effective in helping the discharged mental patients improve upon their condition and mental health or
prevent them from returning back or relapsing to the psychiatric hospital, the street or the rehabilitation
centre.The government should support these staff at the rehabilitation centres financially so that they can go on
follow–up to these discharged mental patients at their various homes to know their health conditions and
economic status in their various societies.
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