The document provides an overview of the C programming language. It states that C was developed in the 1970s at Bell Labs and became widely popular as it is efficient, powerful, and portable. It then discusses the basic components of a C program including header files, functions like main(), and library functions like printf(). It provides examples of simple C programs and explains the purpose and meaning of elements like #include, main(), braces {}, and return 0. Finally, it introduces concepts like variables, constants, and flowcharts to design algorithm logic.

2. Manish Kumar

4. Objective

5. C is a general purpose language which is very closely associated
with UNIX for which is was developed in Bell Laboratories.
Most of the Programs of UNIX are written and run with the help
of “C”.
Many of the important ideas of “C” stem are form BCPL by
Martin Richards.
In 1972, Dennies Ritchie at Bell Laboratories wrote C Language
which caused a revolution in computing world.
From beginning C was intended to be useful for busy
programmers to get things done easily because C is powerful,
dominant and supple language.

7. Programming requires programming language:
• A set of words, codes and symbols that allow a
programmer to give instructions to the computer.
• Each languages has rules ( or Syntax) for writing the
instructions.
• There are many programming Languages so many!( Like
human Languages)
• They may be classified in many ways into THREE broad
categories:
1. Machine Language;
2. Assembly Language; and
3. High Level Language.

8. 1940s 1950s 1960s

9.  Fast, Powerful & efficient
 Easy to learn
 It is portable
 “Mid-Level language
 Widely accepted language
 Useful for all applications
 Easy to Connect with system devices/
assembly routines

11. Before going and reading the structure of C programs
we need to have a basic knowledge of the following:
1. C’s Character Set (A-Z, a-z,0-9, symbols, space)
2. C’s Keywords (only lowercase)
3. The General Structure of a ‘C’ Program
4. How to End a Statement
5. Free Format Language
6. Header Files & Library Functions

12. #include
int main()
{
printf(“n Welcome to the World of C”);
return 0;
}
Welcome to the World of C
Input
Output

13. Program Explanation
#include
This is a preprocessor command that comes as the first
statement in our code. The #include statement tells the
compiler to include the standard input/output library i.e.
stdio.h in the program.
main ()
C programs consist of one or more functions. There must be
one and only one function called main. The brackets following
the word main indicate that it is a functions an not a variable.
{}
Braces surround the body of the function, which may have one
or more instructions/statements.

14. Program Explanation
printf();
It is a library function that is used to print data on the user
screen.
“Hello World/n” is a string that will be displayed on user
screen /n is the newline character, ; a semicolon ends a
statement.
Return 0; return the value zero to the operating system.
C is case sensitive language, so the names of the functions
must be typed in lower case as above.

15. Constants
Constants in C are the fixed values that do not change during
the execution of a program.

16. Variables
Variables
A variables is a data name that is used to store any data
value.
Variables are used to store values that can be changed
during the program execution.
Variables in C have the same meaning as variables in
algebra. That is shown some unknown or variable, value.
x = a + b
z + 2 = 3 (y – 5)
Remember that variables in algebra are represented by
a single alphabetic character.

17. Program design tools that uses standard
graphical symbols to represent LOGICAL FLOW OF
DATA through a function/program.
Its primary purpose is to show the design of an
algorithm. It frees a programmer from the syntax and
details of programming to concentrate on details of
the problem to be solved.
It gives a Pictorial representation of an
algorithm—helps one to think of a problem
pictorially.

20. Example…..

21. Example…01
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
Void main()
{
Int a, b, c;
a=10, b=20;
c= a+b;
Printf(“%d”, c);
}
Algorithm:
1) Start;
2) Enter the Value of a and b;
3) Add the value of a and b in c;
4) Print the value of c;
5) Stop.

22. start
Enter the value of
A and B
Print the Value of
C
Stop
C = A + B;
Flow Chart…01

24. Hello World…!