This document is a sample from an instructor-led course on practical programming with C# 3.0. It provides an overview of the course contents, including chapters on C#, .NET, objects, properties, indexers, operator overloading, and conversions. The document encourages following principles of encapsulation and avoiding unnecessary complexity through practices like operator overloading and implicit conversions.

1. A Sample Snippet from semanticase.com Amir Simantov Practical Programming with C# 3.0 Using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 with .NET Framework 3.5 Instructor-Led Course VERSION 2008.10.01 Amir Simantov, Israel © All Rights Reserved --------------------------------------------------------

2. Just Because You Can Doesn’t Mean You Should -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

3. Advanced .NET Courses are also available at semanticase.com Including LINQ -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

4. Chapters 1. Introducing C# and .NET – See Free Sample 2. CLR 3. Procedural 4. Types 5. Strings 6. Objects – See Free Sample 7. Strings 8. Static Classes and Members Practical Programming with C# 3.0 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

5. Chapters 9. Inheritance 10. Attributes 11. Interfaces 12. Disposing of Objects 13. Code Integrity 14. Arrays 15. Collectioning 16. Generic Collections Practical Programming with C# 3.0 » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

6. Chapters 17. Functional De-coupling 18. Querying Data Using Linq 19. Lite Object Relation Mapping (ORM) 20. APPENDIXES Coding Guidelines Visual Studio 2008 Learning Resources See full syllabus here . Practical Programming with C# 3.0 » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

7. Free Sample: CHAPTER 1 Managed code ahead Introducing C# and .NET Practical Programming with C# 3.0 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

8. Evolution of Modern Languages C C++ Java C# D, F# Dynamic languages? ... Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

9. What is .NET? Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

10. What is .NET? Programming framework from Microsoft Large class library of ready-made types (BCL) Based on a special runtime (CLR) Virtualizes machine abstraction with CLR means that we do not program to a specific CPU Manages memory automatically Strongly typed Introducing C# and .NET » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

11. What is .NET? Language independent Cross-language integrates Defines a common type system (CTS) Uses Object-Oriented techniques Inter-operates with native code Simple deployment (copy-paste assemblies) See the list of all .NET-able languages: http://www.dotnetpowered.com/languages.aspx Introducing C# and .NET » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

12. What is .NET? Non-Microsoft Compliant framework: Mono (from Novell) http://www.mono-project.com A poster with the (about) 500 commonly used types. In Documents folder in the course kit: DotNet 3.5 Namespaces Poster.pdf It also may be available online. Search online for: net namespaces poster Introducing C# and .NET » 4 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

13. CTS – Common Type System CTS is a formal specification for defining types in order to be hosted by the CLR. .NET compilers and tools must adhere to CTS. Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

14. .NET CTS Types 'Type' is a generic name to any of the following 5 CTS types (given in C# syntax): class struct interface delegate enum Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

15. Type Members Code items which a CTS type can hold. Here are the type members available: nested type field constructor read only field static constructor event method operator indexer constant property finalizer Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

16. What is C#? One of the two main languages for .NET Developed by Microsoft Strongly Typed (static language) Object Oriented Pre-compiled C-Style Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

17. C# vs. C++ Conceptual Differences No global methods or variables Both must be defined within a types. No header files Only source files carries compiled code. .exe files are not regular executables They are IL compiled from a .NET language (such as C#). Introducing C# and .NET » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

18. C# vs. C++ Conceptual Differences Automatic Garbage Collector: Finalizers are called automatically; Manual disposing for outer resources only. Singular Inheritance: A class can inherit from one class only Classes differ from structs semantically: Struct – value type, class – reference type. Introducing C# and .NET » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

19. Free Sample: CHAPTER 6 Following Plato's Doctrine of Ideas Objects Practical Programming with C# 3.0 » -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

20. Encapsulation Consider this class: class User { // This is bad bad bad!!! public string Name = string .Empty; public void ShowName() { Console .WriteLine(Name); } } Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

21. Strive to Give Less Access ... because encapsulation is not like love! Give only when you must in order to supply the service! Give only the level you must in order to supply the service! Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

22. Strive to Give Less Access Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- From: addletters.com Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

23. Access Modifiers Why do access modifiers exist? Which is the default for: Fields: ________________ Functions: ________________ Nested Types: ________________ Independent Types: ________________ * Independent Types – CTS types (classes, structs, interfaces, enums and delegates) which are defines directly under a namespace, i.e., they are not nested inside other types. Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

24. Access Modifiers of Members Who can use a member except its definer? public – any consumer protected internal – inheritor OR same- assembly consumers Internal – same-assembly consumers only protected – derived consumers only private – no one Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

25. Access Modifiers of Types Who can use an independent type? public – any consumer Internal – same-assembly consumers only protected , protected internal, private cannot use as modifiers for an independant type. Why? Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

26. Only Private is Really Private* protected does not protect your type! Variable fields should always be private. Protected access? - Only by methods. Do you know who will be your inheritors? What about protected internal ? ( * By the compiler. Reflection bypasses it...) Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

27. Object Fields Auto-Initialization Each field inits to the default value of its type. Do not confuse with local variables! class Person { //Int to 0, bool to false, etc. private int number; //Reference types init to null private Person mother; } Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

28. Object Fields Manual Initialization Initialize strings to string .Empty ! Why? Initialize other type fields only when needed. class Person { private Class1 c = new Class1 (); private string s = string .Empty; } Field initializers are called before statements which are inside the constructor. Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

29. Field-Constructor Ordering Fields are constructed first! Task: Initialize a field and check IL code. Where is the field initialized? ____________________ Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

30. Read-only Object Fields class MyClass { public readonly string Name; public MyClass( string name) { this .Name = name; } } // Any Problems? _________ Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

31. Read-only Object Fields // Consuming var mine = new MyClass ( "x" ); //mine.Name = "x"; COMPILE ERROR Conclusion: Read-only object fields are safe even as public. Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

32. Read-only Object Fields What about changing Name within MyClass? - Impossible! // Inside MyClass public void Method( string name) { // Name = name; COMPILE ERROR } Objects » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

33. Supplying Parameterless Ctor Compiler supplies such by default. class MyClass { } Consumer can use the default constructor: var c = new MyClass (); Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

34. Supplying Parameterless Ctor Be careful: class MyClass { public MyClass( long l) // Ctor { } } Default constructor is not supplied anymore! Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

35. Supplying Parameterless Ctor If a parameterless ctor is required, add it: class MyClass { public MyClass() { } public MyClass( long l) { } } Objects » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

36. Overloading Constructors Object initializer reduces the need of multiple constructors. However, supplying few-parameters constructors is still helpful. Example – consuming a constructor which gets a string parameter for the message: throw new SomeException ( "Boom!" ); Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

37. Overloading Constructors public Horse( Color color) { this .Color = color; } public Horse( Color color, string name) : this (color) { this .Name = name; } Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

38. Overloading Constructors A rich constructor should call poorer. Should a no-parameter or doing-nothing ctor be called by other ctors? ________ Why? ______________________________ Objects » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

39. Manual Properties Inside class Person: private Heart heart; public Heart Heart { get { return this .heart; } set { this .heart = value ; } } Consider assuring that heart is not null... Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

40. Manual Properties Properties look like fields from the outside but act like methods on the inside. You access a property as thoght it was a field: Heart heart = person1.Heart; person1.Name = person2.Heart; Construct a property and check IL. Findings: _____________________________________ Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

41. Manual Properties Not all properties need fields: Storing calculate values may be considered carefully and should use only when computing is costly. Here it is not costly. public bool CanWalk { get { return this .legs.Count > 0; } } Objects » 4 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

42. Manual Properties Do not supply set-only properties! // Compiles but does not comply with guidelines and FxCop rules. public bool SomeValue { set { } } Use a parameterized method instead. Objects » 5 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

43. Properties Are Not for Calculation Consumer expects that properties should return immediately and not hide methods. This is bad: static double CalculatedNumber { get { return CalculateNow() ; } } Supply a method instead. Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

44. Automatic Properties Do not automatically give access! public int Id { get ; set ; } Think: Does logic allows changing a value? This may be considered instead: public int Id { get ; private set ; } Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

45. Automatic Properties We cannot supply one-way access: public int Id { get ; } // ERROR So what can we do? - Implement manual properties instead . Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

46. Avoid string Automatic Properties Strings should not be null! // Bad! May be set to null public string Name { get ; set ; } Instead, provide a manual property backed with a field member. Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

47. Indexers Allows consumer to access an object as an array. var aquarium = new Aquarium (fishes); //Using an indexer which gets an int var firstFish = aquarium[ 0 ]; Indexers cannot be static in C#. Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

48. Indexers Here is the implementation of the indexer: public Fish this [ int index] { get { return fishes[index]; } } Kind of hybrid... Used like a property; Get parameters as a method. Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

49. Indexers //Using an indexer which gets a string var kingFishes = aquarium[ "King" ]; Is it clear what does the indexer return? What is the alternative to get the collection of king fishes? Do not use indexers if the meaning is not clear with the quickest glance! Objects » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

50. Operator Overloading (Avoid) Recall: Just because you can ... ... doesn’t mean you should! Difficult to read and understand; Multiple meanings possible; It is not CLS-Complient; Operator overloading is appropriate for implementing custom structs that represent primitive data types. For example, a custom numeric type is an excellent candidate for operator overloading. However, most of these allready exist in .NET libraries! Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

51. Operator Overloading (Avoid) Operators which one might overload: Binary + - * / % & | ^ << >> == != < > <= >= Unary + - ! ~ ++ -- true false and conversion operators Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

52. Operator Overloading (Avoid) Example: Overloading a binary operator public static MyNumber operator +( MyNumber c1, MyNumber c2) { return new MyNumber (c1.x + c2.x); } Objects » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

53. Operator Overloading (Avoid) Example: Overloading a unary operator public static MyNumber operator - MyNumber c) { return new MyNumber (-c.x) ; } The ref and out parameters are not allowed as arguments to operator overloading methods. The true and false operators can be overloaded only as pairs. Objects » 4 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

54. Defining Conversions (Avoid) If you don't have an extremely good reason, do not define conversions! Why should an object change its very essence of being? What is a clearer alternative? ____________ Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

55. Defining Conversions (Avoid) class MyNumber { public int Number { get ; set ; } public MyNumber( int number) { this .Number = number; } } Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

56. Implicit Conversions (Avoid) public static implicit operator MyNumber ( int n) { return new MyNumber (n); } // Using implicit conversion MyNumber a = 3 ; Implicit conversion operators mustn't throw! Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

57. Explicit Conversions (Avoid) public static explicit operator int ( MyNumber n) { return n.Number; } // Using explicit conversion int number = ( int )a; Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

58. Declare in one file, inplement in another... partial class A // In file A.cs { partial void Log( int n) ; } partial class A // In file A.A.cs { partial void Log( int n) {...} } Partial Classes and Methods Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

59. Partial Methods Declare when you want a method to be coded elsewhere. Call the method as if it is implemented. Partial Methods are implicitly private – no modifiers! They must return void. No partial virtual methods. No out or ref parameters. Why are all these restrictions? Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

60. Creating Enums Always specify the default value to be zero! Why? - Enums are actually numeric. public enum SexKind { None, // implicitly set to 0 Male, // implicitly set to 1 Female, // Comma is allowed } // Why enum at all and not bool? Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

61. Using Enums SexKind sex = default ( SexKind ) ; SexKind sex = SexKind .None; SexKind sex = SexKind (0); // risky All are the same... // The logical value? ____________ // The actual value? _____ Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

62. Using Enums Let's check the value of our variable: if ( sex == SexKind .Male) { // ... } Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

63. Creating Bit Flag Enums [ Flags ] public enum FontStyle { Regular = 0x0, Body = 0x1, Italic = 0x2, Underline = 0x4, } Next values of the type will be: 0x8, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40... Bit flag enums without evaluation breaks bit logic. This ib because each enum value which is not explicitly evaluated takes the value of the preceding enum value plus 1. In bit flag enum type we want each enum value to be twice as much as the preceding one. Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

64. Using Bit Flag Enums var style = FontStyle .Bold | FontStyle .Underline; // Checking if bold and only bold if (style == FontStyle .Bold) {} // Checking bold, no care for the rest var anyStyle = (style & FontStyle .Bold); if (anyStyle == FontStyle .Bold) {} Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

65. Enum Pitfalls Cation: Enums are not value-safe! // OMG! This actually compiles.. FontStyle style = ( FontStyle ) 176 ; // and run! var == 176 Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

66. Enum Pitfalls Here is an expensive solution: bool defined = Enum .IsDefined( typeof ( MyEnum ), 17 ); bool defined = Enum .IsDefined( typeof ( MyEnum ), &quot;Bold&quot; ); Find out why this technique is expensice. Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

67. Evaluating Objects 1. Evaluating through constructor: DateTime endOfWorldDate = new DateTime ( 1984 , 1 , 1 ); FullName name = new FullName ( &quot;Ann-Marie&quot; , &quot;David&quot; ); List < Point > line = new List < Point >( 2 ); Objects » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

68. Evaluating Objects 2. Evaluating through properties: A. When constructor calling ends, using object initializer -- FullName name = new FullName { First = &quot;Ben&quot; , }; B. Whenever, after object is built -- name.First = &quot;Magen&quot; ; Objects » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

69. Evaluating Objects 3. Evaluating through methods: name.SetFullName( &quot;Hava&quot; , &quot;Immenu&quot; ); base .SetFullName( &quot;Hava&quot; , &quot;Immenu&quot; ); 4. Evaluating through private fields: this .firstName = &quot;Hava&quot; ; Of course, advised for inside use of the class only! Objects » 3 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

70. Appendix C Visual Studio 2008 Exploring the environment Practical Programming with C# 3.0 » -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

71. Microsoft Visual Studio IDE Enables Rapid Development Rapid Development (RAD) with visual designers decreases extensibility – watch out! Integrated debugger Class designer Shamefully, Class Designer is not available in Visual Studio Express editions Helpful Intellisense and re-factorer Source control support Integrates smoothly with data bases Enables add-ons (like R#) IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment. There are many add-ins for Visual Studio and supporting tools. Check Visual Studio Gallery: http://www.visualstudiogallery.com/ Non-Microsoft ID Es are available, such as SharpDevelop: http://www.icsharpcode.net/OpenSource/SD/ Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

72. .NET Application Types Console Application WPF Application Windows Forms Application ASP.NET Web Application WPF Browser Application WPF Browser Application is similar to stand-alone WPF application but it runs on a server like a web application. Recommended: Some videos for beginners can be watched here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb820889.aspx Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

73. C# Compiler – Your Best Friend Builds 2 types of assemblies: Dynamic-Linked Libraries (.dll files) has no entry point Executable (.exe file) has a static Main() method Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

74. C# Compiler – Your Best Friend Can be run from the command line Integrated into Visual Studio Generously configurable Guards you from compile time errors Guides you how to fix them Forget ignoring warnings! Visual Studio 2008 » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

75. Advised Compiler Tweaks Go to Build Options: Pop up context menu of your project Choose Properties menu item Go to Build tab Treat warnings as errors. Why? In Treat Warnings as Errors option choose: All Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

76. Advised Compiler Tweaks Enable XML output file. What for? In XML Documentation File check the check box (leave text field empty); You need for treating warnings as error. Suppress XML-Comments warning (advised for executable assemblies only!) In Suppress Warnings text box type: 1591 Visual Studio 2008 » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

77. Using Namespaces Types defined in the same namespace? Yes! – Directly use them No... – Then declare using it: using System.Configuration; CLR doesn't know anything about namespaces. When you access a type, CLR just needs to know the full name of the type and which assembly contains the definition of the type so that the common language runtime can load the correct assembly, find the type, and manipulate it. You may use types of another namespace only if the namespace is defined in one or more of the assemblies which are referenced in your project. Using can be done also by referring to the type by its full name: System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings , but declaring with using statement is preferable for cleaner code and better readability. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

78. Creating Aliases Use when you have clashing namespaces. using System.Windows.Forms; using BizForm = MyCompany. Form ; Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

79. Referencing Projects and Libraries Add a reference (option 1) Open Object Browser (CTRL + W, J) Select the desired assembly or namespace Click on the icon Add to References. Add a reference (option 2) Choose Add Reference from the context menu of your project Add the desired assemblies. Prefer referencing projects than output assembly files: More powerful debugging capabilities Easier accessing to referenced code Be careful not to break other consumers' code. Both .exe and .dll files may be referenced, but avoid making libraries as executable. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

80. Refactoring When does refactoring end? - Only when the code is thrown away! Prefer automatic refactoring. Change a name of a type through its file name. Consider R# add-in (pronounced: Re-sharper) R# is a proprietary tool from JetBRAINS.com Consider CodeRush add-in CodeRush is now owned by DevExpress.com – links are changing. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

81. Refactoring Mastering refactoring tools lets you... Increase productivity; Have more information about the plain code; Work faster; Avoid syntactic mistakes. Tool: Clone Detective – Allows you to analyze C# projects for source code that is duplicated. Having duplicates can easily lead to inconsistencies and often is an indicator for poorly factored code. http://www.codeplex.com/CloneDetectiveVS Visual Studio 2008 » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

82. Need Help? Google and IntelliSense are the most used: Diagram taken from Brad Abram's post with his findings for the survey checking how developers use VS and .NET Framework documentation. One of the questions was “How do you find information?” and the answers can be seen in the diagram. Post: http://blogs.msdn.com/brada/archive/2008/08/11/some-results-from-visual-studio-and-net-framework-developer-documentation-survey.aspx Blog: http://blogs.msdn.com/brada/ Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

83. IntelliSense Tips When finding the desired item in the list... If defining – hit SPACE If using – keep on coding! Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

84. Smart Tags Let automation work for you! Remember CTRL + . keyboard shortcut :-) Use when implementing interfaces. Use when renaming. Use smart tags for adding using namespaces (2 ways): A smart tag blinks when you delete the namespace in a full name of a type within the code; A smart tag blinks when you write the name of a type without IntelliSense with Pascal casing. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

85. Snippets A snippet is a small ready-made piece of code. Insert a snippet : Type the abbreviations and hit TAB twice Or - In context menu choose I nsert Snippet... Use ENTER to choose, TAB to navigate and ENTER again to go on typing. Using the context menu option will ask you to choose a set of snippets when more that one set are installed. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

86. Keyboard Shortcuts Editing Intellisense CTRL + . Show the smart tag CTRL + SHIFT + SPACE Show parameter info CTRL + K, C Comment line CTRL + J Show completion list CTRL + K, U Uncomment line CTRL +K, I Show declaration in a tool tip CTRL + SHIFT + B Build the solution CTRL Make popups transparent Organizing CTRL + ENTER Move to higher line CTRL + SHIFT + ENTER Move to lower line CTRL + M, M Toggle region CTRL + K, S Surround with F6 is also a keyboard shortcut for building the solution. However, as it is located next to F5 which starts debugging and may cause erroneous operation. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

87. Keyboard Shortcuts Navigation Debugging F8 Move to next location F9 Add or remove a breakpoint F12 Move to definition F5 Start debugging SHIFT + F12 List all references SHIFT + F5 End debugging CTRL + ] Move to matching brace: { and } F11 Step into CTRL + I Move to what I type SHIFT + F11 Step out CTRL + SHIFT + 8 Move to where I was F10 Step over CTRL + F/H Show Find and Replace dialog CTRL + SHIFT + F/H Find or replace in many files CTRL + TAB Show files navigator ESC Return to code Visual Studio 2008 » 2 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

88. Regions Regions are visual grouping for easier orientation. #region Private Methods // Some private methods come here #endregion Free Tool: Regionerate – Automatic regioning! http://www.rauchy.net/regionerate/ - Omer Rauchwerger Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

89. Do not Misuse Regions Regions are for grouping, not for hiding. Regions do not provide encapsulation. Avoid nested regions. Having many regions in a type? Lots of code? Extract new types or partial types! Do not define many types in one file, hidden inside regions. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

90. Debugger Has a Bad Name Why? - It should be used not only for debugging! This is a Runner! Use the debugger throughout development! F5 starts debugging, SHIFT + F5 stops it. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

91. Debug! Have a bug? Search for it! Debug! Start thinking only after in-depth debugging. Don't waste your time thinking what is wrong; Discover what is wrong! Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

92. Debug Breakpoints F9 adds or removes a breakpoint. Clean up breakpoints when bug fixed. Use conditional breakpoints – right click on the breakpoint. Do not run when code is not built – this is neither VB6 not a scripting language. Well, not yet. Conditional breakpoints are not available in C# Express Edition. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

93. Debugger Windows Most important windows: Locals Output Immediate Call Stack Open from main menu D ebug . Windows Note that some windows can be opened only after debugging has started. Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

94. Debugger Configuration Catch exception when thrown: Main menu . D ebug . E x ceptions... Check T hrown for CLR exceptions Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

95. Order of Class Members - Constant Fields; public, protected, private - Variable Fields; always private - Automatic properties; public, protected - Constructors; public, protected, private - Properties; public, protected - Events; public, protected - Methods; public, protected - Explicit interface implementations - Internal members - Private members - Nested types Visual Studio 2008 » 1 -------------------------------------------------------- Join the course or order it from semanticase.com

96. Manager - Order the course for your company! Individual – join a public course! Advanced .NET courses are also available! semanticase.com --------------------------------------------------------