Business intelligence (BI) involves data analytics and the management of data processes, while a business intelligence analyst specializes in analyzing this data. Key aspects of the role include education, skill development, and obtaining certifications, such as the Certified Business Intelligence Professional (CBIP). The average salary for BI analysts is $84,635 per year in the USA and £35,000 - £45,000 in the UK, with demand for the role expected to grow significantly.