The document provides information on the management of burn injuries. It discusses goals of treatment which include preventing complications and maintaining vital signs. It also covers classifications of burns based on depth and surface area affected. Treatment involves fluid resuscitation, wound care including debridement and dressings, pain management, and skin grafts if needed. Complications can include shock, anemia, and renal or liver failure.
it consist definition, types of burn, its cause, scales to measure degree of burn, first aid management and supportive management along with rehabilitation therapy.
it consist definition, types of burn, its cause, scales to measure degree of burn, first aid management and supportive management along with rehabilitation therapy.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
5. DIFINTION
Physical trauma due to
effect of heat resulting of
various degrees of
coagulation of tissue protein
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5
6. CLASSIFICATION
According to the mechanism of injury
AETIOLOGY
1-Fire - flame , flash burn
2-Contact burn
3-Chemical
4-Electrical
5-Radition
6- Scalds -caused by liquid , steam
7. Classification of burn according to
mechanism of injury used as
indicator of out come and
hospitalization admission
8. BURNS
Results in 10-20 thousand
deaths annually
Survival best at ages 15-45
Children, elderly, and diabetics
have poor prognosis.
Survival best burns cover less
than 20% of TBA
4/1/2011 8
9. Burns are classified according
to the surface area involved
and according to the depth of
the burnt tissues.
4/1/2011
9
10. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO
DEPTH OF INJURY
1- first degree burn :-
There is minor epithelial injury of the
epidermis
There is redness , tenderness and pain
Blistering not occurs
Tow point discrimination are intact
Healing without scar
Caused by flash and sunburn
Blanching on pressure.
12. 2-Second degree :-
Superficial partial thickness and deep partial
thickness , it tow type
In this type some portion of the skin remain intact
allowing epithelial repair of the burn without skin
graft . Superficial partial
thickness involve the epidermis and superficial
dermis
Heal in 2-3 wk without scaring
13. Deep partial thickness extent into deep
dermis
The capillary refill is slow skin color is mixture of red
and white
Heal within 3-6 week
Sever pain.
Vesicle formation.
18. Third degree :-
Is full thickness burn destroy both epidermis and
dermis
The capillary network of the dermis is completely
destroyed
burn skin is white
Anesthetic skinno sensation
Heal by contraction >1cmskin graft
l.
20. Causes scald – flame – chemical – electrical.
4 Fourth degree burn:
It‘s full thickness burn destroy the skin and
subcutaneous tissue with involvement of fascia,
muscle , bone.
It‘s due to prolong exposure to usual causes of 3rd
degree burn.
21. Fourth-degree burns
epidermis, dermis and underlying tissue
symptoms
black skin
no sensation
example - flames
4/1/2011
21
22. Classification according to severity
of burn:-
1-Major burn:-
Is partial thickness burn involving >25%TBSA in
adult or 20% in child <10yr or older than 50yr
Full thickness burn involving >10%TBSA. burn
involving the ,face , eyes ,ears ,hand ,feet or
perineum that may result in functioning or cosmetic
impairment
Burn complicated by inhalation injury
23. 2-Moderate burn :-
Partial thickness burn of 15-25% in adult or 10-20%
in child
Full thickness burn 2-10%without functional or
cosmetic problem
24. 3-Minor burn :-
Burn<15%in adult or 10%in child
Full thickness burn <2 % TBSA without functional or
cosmetic problem
31. BURN WOUND ASSESSMENT
Classified according to depth of injury
and extent of body surface area involved
Burn wounds differentiated depending
on the level of dermis and subcutaneous
tissue involved
1. superficial (first-degree)
2. deep (second-degree)
3. full thickness (third and fourth
degree)
4/1/2011 31
33. CLASSIFICATION
Burn assessment as follow
1- According to the surface area:
A. In small burns the best measurement is to cut a
piece of clean paper the size of the patient’s whole
hands (digit and palm) which represent 1% TBSA
and match this to the area
34. B. In large burns the Lund
and Browder chart is useful
which maps out the
percentage TBSA of sections
of our anatomy
35. C. Rule of nine: which is
adequate for the first
approximation only it states
that each upper limb is 9%,
each lower limb 18%, the trunk
18% each side and the head
and neck 9%
39. Full Thickness Burn
Partial Thickness Burn
White or black
Mottled red
Dry
Moist due to exudation of plasma
Possible visible thrombosed SC vessels
Blisters surrounded by erythema
Painless due to loss of terminal nerve
endings
Painful and sensitive
Granulation tissue formation and scar
separation starts after 3 weeks
Heals within 3 weeks
41. CALCULATION OF BURNED BODY SURFACE
AREA
Calculation of
Burned Body Surface
Area
4/1/2011 41
42. TOTAL BODY SURFACE AREA
(TBSA)
Superficial burns are not involved
in the calculation
Lund and Browder Chart is the
most accurate because it adjusts
for age
Rule of nines divides the body –
adequate for initial assessment for
adult burns
4/1/2011 42
43. LUND BROWDER CHART USED FOR
DETERMINING BSA
4/1/2011 43
Evans, 18.1, 2007)
47. MANAGEMENT OF THE BURNED
PATIENT
First aid:
Stop the burning process:
Flames from burning clothing or from burning
inflammable substances on the skin surface
should be stoped by wrapping the patient afire
blanket or any other readily available garment
such as the bystander's own clothing.
With electrical burns it is important that any live
current is switched off, and with chemical burns
the first-aid worker must avoid contact with the
chemical. Burned or water-soaked clothing should
be removed.
48. Cool the burn surface:
Immediate cooling of the part is beneficial and
should continue for 20 minutes. With scalds,
irrigation with cold water under a tap is best and
many a child has had scald damage successfully
limited by pouring a readily available jug of cold
water or milk immediately over the scalded area.
Irrigation in cold water is particularly valuable for
chemical burns. Hypothermia must be avoided.
Don not uses ice or iced water. The burn should
then be wrapped in any clean linen ' and the
patient transported immediately to hospital.
49. Fluid – major burn nil by mouth, get an I.V
going
Emergency examination and treatment:
The order of priorities in the management of major burn
injury is:
A: airway maintenance;
B: breathing and ventilation;
C: circulation;
D: disability – neurological status;
E: exposure and environment control – keep warm;
F: fluid resuscitation
50. GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT
Admit: criteria for admission
Any burn over 10% in area extrem ages.
IV fluids for burns over 15%.
Burns in special areas face, neck, hands,
feet, perineum.
Electrical burns any
burn with history of smoke inhalation.
Chemical burns.
Full thickness where grafting is indicated.
circumferential burn of thorax or extremities
51. S
, co-existing major trauma or
significant pre-existing medical
conditions.
At all ages2nd&3rd degree burns more than 20%.
At all ages group 3rd degree brunt's 5_10%.
Pregnancy.
Burn incluk,de major joint
4/1/2011
51
52. ON ADMISSION:
Get a history, include time and place of burn,
causing agent, details of the accident (can
provide clue to the depth of burn).
Age of patient, weight, general health (heart,
lung, kidney).
Ask for possibility of inhalation injury.
Look for co-factors that can affect courses e.g.
drug addiction, immune , urine output since
injury.
Medication given, tetanus status.
The burn wound should never take precedence
over potential life threatening complications.
53. EXAMINATION
Estimate area of burn, how much is full
thickness.
Look for signs of respiratory burns.
Examine eyes.
Look for circumferential burns on
chest, limbs.
Complete full physical examination
56. FLUID THERAPY
Occurs after initial vasoconstriction, then
dilation
Blood vessels dilate and leak fluid into the
interstitial space
Known as third spacing or capillary leak
syndrome
Causes decreased blood volume and blood
pressure
Occurs within the first 12 hours after the burn
and can continue to up to 36 hours
4/1/2011 56
57. COMMON FLUIDS
Protenate or 5% albumin in isotonic
saline (1/2 given in first 8 hr; ½
given in next 16 hr)
LR (Lactate Ringer) without
dextrose (1/2 given in first 8 hr; ½
given in next 16 hr)
Crystalloid (hypertonic saline)
adjust to maintain urine output at 30
mL/hr
Crystalloid only (lactated ringers)
4/1/2011
57
58. SKIN ASSESSMENT
Assess the skin to determine the size
and depth of burn injury
The size of the injury is first estimated
in comparison to the total body
surface area (TBSA). For example, a
burn that involves 40% of the TBSA is
a 40% burn
Use the rule of nines for clients whose
weights are in normal proportion to
their heights
4/1/2011 58
59. Parkland Formula
4 cc R/L x % burn x body wt. In kg.
½ of calculated fluid is administered
in the first 8 hours
Balance is given over the remaining
16 hours.
Maintain urine output at 0.5 cc/kg/hr.
4/1/2011
59
60. Parkland Formula
ARF may result from myoglobinuria
Increased fluid volume, mannitol
bolus and NaHCO3 into each liter of
LR to alkalinize the urine may be
indicated
4/1/2011
60
61. Assessing adequacy of
resuscitation
Peripheral blood pressure: may be
difficult to obtain – often misleading
Urine Output: Best indicator unless
ARF occurs
A-line: May be inaccurate due to
vasospasm
CVP: Better indicator of fluid status
4/1/2011
61
62. Assessing adequacy of
resuscitation
Heart rate: Valuable in early post burn
period – should be around 120/min.
> HR indicates need for > fluids or pain
control
Invasive cardiac monitoring: Indicated
in a minority of patients (elderly or pre-
existing cardiac disease)
4/1/2011
62
64. DRESSING THE BURN WOUND
After burn wounds are cleaned
and debrided, topical
antibiotics are reapplied to
prevent infection
Standard wound dressings are
multiple layers of gauze
applied over the topical agents
on the burn wound
4/1/2011 64
65. DIET
Initially NPO
Begin oral fluids after bowel
sounds return
Do not give ice chips or free
water lead to electrolyte
imbalance
High protein, high calorie
4/1/2011 65
66. DEBRIDEMENT
Done with forceps and curved
scissor or through
hydrotherapy (application of
water for treatment)
Only loose scar removed
Blisters are left alone to serve
as a protector – controversial
4/1/2011 66
67. SKIN GRAFTS
Done during the acute
phase
Used for full-thickness
and deep partial-
thickness wounds
4/1/2011 67
68. Lab studies
Severe burns:
CBC
Chemistry profile
ABG with carboxyhemoglobin
Coagulation profile U/A
Type and Screen blood.
CPK and urine myoglobin (with electrical
injuries)
12 Lead EKG
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68
70. GENERAL COMPLICATIONS:
Neurogenic Shock: immediately after burn &
last after 2 hrs.
Olygogenic shock: occurs after several hrs
& manifested by Hypotension &
haemoconcentration due to loss of plasma,
Fluid & electrolytes & break down of
proteins.
Anemia due to loss of RBCs.
4/1/2011
70
71. Renal failure due to deposition of pigments in
the tubules due to hemolysis, anoxia following
shock leading to tubular necrosis.
Liver failure due to focal necrosis resulting
from anoxia.
Adrenal failure due to stress of burn &
anorexia of shock.
Hypothermia due to disturbed skin
thermoregulation.
A duodenal ulcer called Curling ulcer occurs in
the 1st part of the duodenum during the 2nd
weak of burn.
Cardiac arrest &arrhythmia
4/1/2011
71
72. LOCAL COMPLICATIONS:
Local loss of plasma → hypoproteinemia.
infections.
Edema of glottis → Suffocation & may require
tracheostomy.
pulmonary complications following inhalation
of smoke.
Nerve injuries → Loss of sensation.
Vessels injuries → leading to gangrene.
deformities of joints & muscles.
Keloid formation (an ugly protruded scar).
4/1/2011
72
73. Circumferential burns of the
chest
Eschar - burned, inflexible, necrotic
tissue
Compromises ventilatory motion
Escharotomy may be necessary
Performed through non-sensitive,
full-thickness Escher
4/1/2011
73
74. Escharotomy incision on lateral and medial
surface. Incision must go through the entire
depth of the burn to allow tissue expansion
and a return of blood flow.
75. Monitoring for the onset or progress of infection
should consist of:
Routine temperature measurement.
Frequent wound swab cultures.
Wound inspection by an
experienced doctor or nurse at the
time of dressing change.
Blood culture.
76. CURLING’S ULCER
Acute ulcerative gastro duodenal
disease
Occur within 24 hours after burn
Due
to reduced GI blood flow and mucosal
damage
Treat clients with H2 blockers,
mucoprotectants, and early enteral
nutrition
Watch for sudden drop in hemoglobin
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