Gil discusses the importance of empathy in understanding problem spaces and organizing problems for teams. He presents a framework that includes defining the problem outside of products, focusing on long term customer problems, and creating a shared mission, vision and strategy. Teams are then empowered to own the implementation of ideas while being accountable. Problems are captured throughout the product development process via user research, testing and feedback. The overall message is that empathy and a clear strategic framework allows teams to focus on solving the most important customer problems.