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Buddhism
Like Jainism in 3 ways:
6th century B.C.E,
Rejects Vedas & Caste system
Different:
Middle way over asceticism.
Spread to other countries.
Siddhartha
Siddhartha Gautama (sid-DAR-tha GOUT-ta-
ma), 560–480 B.C.E.
Son of a Kshatriya raja.
Mother died soon after birth.
Soothsayer predicted him a great king
OR the Buddha (Enlightened One).
(1) A dead body
(2) An elderly person
(3) A sick person
(4) An ascetic monk
Married his cousin at 19 and had a son named
Rahula (RA-hu-la).
29 years of luxury.
Extreme asceticism with 5 monks for 6 years.
Falls in cold river. Awakening.
Sujata (su-JOT-ta) & rice porridge.
Called traitor.
Nirvana
Literally ‘extinguish’ ‘put out flame’.
Release from cycle. Desire (tanha) conquered.
The 4 Noble Truths
Central to Buddha’s teachings:
(1) Suffering (unsatisfaction) exists.
(2) Suffering is caused by desire (attachment).
(3) There is a way to end suffering.
(4) The way is the 8-fold-path.
The Eightfold Path
This is the noble Eightfold Way, namely:
(1) Right view
(2) Right intention
(3) Right speech
(4) Right action
(5) Right livelihood
(6) Right effort
(7) Right mindfulness
(8) Right concentration.
Encounters 5 monks who spurned him.
Sangha (SANG-guh)
All allowed
Dies at 80 after eating spoiled pork curry.
Final words: “Subject to decay are all component
things. Strive earnestly to work out your own
salvation.”
Anātman
“Not-self” Illusion of identity & objects.
Divisions between objects.
No personal identity over time.
Don’t have something you want, Fretting over
future.
Buddhist Sects
(1) Hinayana (HIN-naw-yan-na) (the defective
vehicle)
Theravada (THER-ra-vA-da) – only version
today..
(2) Mahayana (MA-ha-yan-na) (the great
vehicle).
Zen Buddhism
The meditative/Intuitive Sects (Ch’an, Zen)
(CHAN):
Truth not through rational thought or faith, but
rather a sudden flash of insight.
Koans & Satori
5th century C.E. Bodhidharma (bo-dee-DAR-ma)
summoned by Chinese emperor.
Tea leaf story
Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan clergy: lamas
In 9th century, the kings of Tibet gave the lamas
land for monasteries. But...
1950, China invades Tibet
1950, a young man spawns revolution
The Dharmachakra
The Dharmachakra
(dar-ma-CHAK-ra)
represents the Noble
Eightfold Path.
The right view, right
intention, right speech,
right action, right
livelihood, right effort,
right mindfulness, right
concentration.

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Buddhism

  • 2. Like Jainism in 3 ways: 6th century B.C.E, Rejects Vedas & Caste system Different: Middle way over asceticism. Spread to other countries.
  • 3. Siddhartha Siddhartha Gautama (sid-DAR-tha GOUT-ta- ma), 560–480 B.C.E. Son of a Kshatriya raja. Mother died soon after birth. Soothsayer predicted him a great king OR the Buddha (Enlightened One).
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  • 5. (1) A dead body (2) An elderly person (3) A sick person (4) An ascetic monk Married his cousin at 19 and had a son named Rahula (RA-hu-la). 29 years of luxury.
  • 6. Extreme asceticism with 5 monks for 6 years. Falls in cold river. Awakening. Sujata (su-JOT-ta) & rice porridge. Called traitor.
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  • 10. Nirvana Literally ‘extinguish’ ‘put out flame’. Release from cycle. Desire (tanha) conquered.
  • 11. The 4 Noble Truths Central to Buddha’s teachings: (1) Suffering (unsatisfaction) exists. (2) Suffering is caused by desire (attachment). (3) There is a way to end suffering. (4) The way is the 8-fold-path.
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  • 13. The Eightfold Path This is the noble Eightfold Way, namely: (1) Right view (2) Right intention (3) Right speech (4) Right action (5) Right livelihood (6) Right effort (7) Right mindfulness (8) Right concentration.
  • 14. Encounters 5 monks who spurned him. Sangha (SANG-guh) All allowed Dies at 80 after eating spoiled pork curry. Final words: “Subject to decay are all component things. Strive earnestly to work out your own salvation.”
  • 15. Anātman “Not-self” Illusion of identity & objects. Divisions between objects. No personal identity over time. Don’t have something you want, Fretting over future.
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  • 19. Buddhist Sects (1) Hinayana (HIN-naw-yan-na) (the defective vehicle) Theravada (THER-ra-vA-da) – only version today.. (2) Mahayana (MA-ha-yan-na) (the great vehicle).
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  • 21. Zen Buddhism The meditative/Intuitive Sects (Ch’an, Zen) (CHAN): Truth not through rational thought or faith, but rather a sudden flash of insight. Koans & Satori 5th century C.E. Bodhidharma (bo-dee-DAR-ma) summoned by Chinese emperor. Tea leaf story
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  • 23. Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan clergy: lamas In 9th century, the kings of Tibet gave the lamas land for monasteries. But... 1950, China invades Tibet 1950, a young man spawns revolution
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  • 26. The Dharmachakra The Dharmachakra (dar-ma-CHAK-ra) represents the Noble Eightfold Path. The right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.

Editor's Notes

  1. Mother died 7 days after birth
  2. Rahula means ‘fetter’ Sees the 4 things. 1. old 2. disease 3. corpse 4. Monk Harem room nightmares Leaves in middle of night, kisses son goodbye, cut hair Horseback.
  3. Slept on nails w. corpses, 1 grain of rice/day. Could touch backbone from stomach
  4. Nirvana = Etinguish Tanha (TAN-ha) = desire
  5. Balance. Mind & Behavior (including speech)
  6. 35 Step-mother and former wife
  7. Hinayana = conservative. Defective vehicle = exclusive way Great vehicle = expansive way Mahayana = larger, more liberal
  8. Kind of Mahayana, Mimic Buddha under bo After meeting emperor Meditates 10 year in cave Cuts eyeslids (tea leaf) to stay away. Case studies: one hand, tree, if I give you nothing, what should you do with it.
  9. Lama = the superior ones By 14th century, lamas more powerful than kinds Dalai lama lives in northern India in exile