The brown bear lives in mountainous regions in Bulgaria and feeds on plants, fruits, and occasionally smaller animals. It spends the summer feeding and accumulating fat, then hibernates during the winter in caves, living off stored energy. Male brown bears mark their territory by scratching marks in tree bark, and disputes are resolved without direct confrontation. Females give birth to litters of 1-3 cubs while hibernating, and the cubs are nursed for 3 months before learning to hunt on their own. The brown bear is included on Bulgaria's Red List as a protected species.