Bridges 1 reinforcement

Name
Unit 1 Vocabulary
1 Circle the word that doesn’t belong.
1. Hair: curly • straight • petite • spiky
2. Appearance: arrogant • gorgeous • pretty • good-looking
3. Personality: sociable • friendly • outgoing • average
4. Weight: well-built • calm • slim • heavy
2 Match the words in A to their opposites in B.
A B
1. curly a. short
2. good-looking b. outgoing
3. tall c. straight
4. thin d. dark
5. honest e. dishonest
6. fair f. lazy
7. shy g. fat
8. hard-working h. ugly
3 Choose the correct answer to show that you have understood the meaning of the italicised words.
1. Children who are polite always / never say “please” and “thank you”.
2. Women often use make-up / computers to make themselves more attractive.
3. A successful person does well / poorly.
4. Although our car is old, it’s reliable and often / rarely breaks down.
5. He is a mature child. He acts younger / older than his age.
4 Complete the sentences with the adjectives in brackets. Add a prefix (in-, dis, un- or im-) when necessary.
1. My ……………… (considerate) neighbour often disturbs me by listening to loud music.
2. ……………… (sociable) people don’t usually like to go to parties.
3. My sister is still ……………… (dependent) on my parents. She hasn’t got a job and she lives at home.
4. Ricky never tells lies. He is very ……………… (honest).
5. Daniel can never find what he’s looking for. He is so ……………… (organised).
6. Don’t be so ……………… (patient) with him! He’s only five years old.
5 Match A to B to form sentences.
A B
1. Shy people a. may find it difficult to make new friends.
2. Stubborn people b. are happy most of the time.
3. Immature people c. don’t mind waiting.
4. Patient people d. want things done their way.
5. Cheerful people e. may suddenly become angry or sad.
6. Moody people f. frequently behave childishly.

Name
6 Complete the advertisements with the words below. Use each word once.
attractive • adventurous • outgoing • average • calm • polite • cheerful
Cambridge Model Agency
Wanted: good-looking young men and
women to work as models.
If you are (1) ……………… and you are taller
than (2) ……………… , please send your photo
to: modelagency@cambridge.com
Looking for a telephone operator at
a busy call centre
Can you stay (3) ……………… under pressure?
Have you got a good telephone voice?
Can you be (4) ……………… , even to rude
callers?
Then call us at: (0808) 157 0342
Summer Camp Leader
If …
> you like sport.
> you are an (5) ……………… person – not afraid
to try new experiences.
> you enjoy meeting new people and have got an
(6) ……………… personality.
> you smile and are (7) ……………… most of the
time.
Then YOU are the perfect summer camp leader!
Come and work for us!
Call today: Active summer camps (1 904) 64 8342

Name
Grammar
1 Complete the table with the time expressions and adverbs of frequency below.
today • now • often • on Sundays • every year • tomorrow night • this morning • at this moment • twice a week •
usually
Present Simple Present Continuous
2 Choose the correct answer.
1. They go to church … .
a. at this moment b. now c. on Sundays
2. I …. listen to classical music.
a. every year b. often c. today
3. My dad is making pancakes for breakfast … .
a. this morning b. usually c. twice a week
4. We are flying to Germany … .
a. on Sundays b. tomorrow night c. often
5. My friends go shopping … .
a. at this moment b. now c. twice a week
1. What are you cooking? It smells / is smelling wonderful.
2. What time do you usually go / are you usually going to bed?
3. Be quiet! The baby sleeps / is sleeping.
4. How often do you visit / are you visiting your grandmother?
5. In most US schools, the students don’t wear / aren’t wearing uniforms.
6. Turn off the television. The children don’t watch / aren’t watching it.
7. You don’t need an umbrella this morning. It doesn’t rain / isn’t raining.
8. He is a vegetarian. He doesn’t eat / isn’t eating meat.
9. Right now, the president meets / is meeting some important people.
10. Tom has got a car now so he doesn’t walk / isn’t walking to school any more.

Name
4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1. My mother ……………………… (wash) her car every weekend.
2. I ……………………… (do) an English grammar exercise at this moment.
3. The British sometimes ……………………… (eat) fish and chips for dinner.
4. My friends and I ……………………… (go) shopping tomorrow.
5. On Saturdays, I ……………………… (not get up) till 12.00.
6. Our teacher is ill. She ……………………… (not work) today.
5 Write the questions for the answers below. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1.
Yes, he loves chocolates.
2.
They live in Paris.
3.
The children are playing tennis.
4.
I’m wearing a coat because it is cold outside.
5.
She finishes school at 3.30.
6.
Yes, she is leaving tonight.
6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1. She ……………………… (not go) swimming with her friends today because she ……………………… (not
know) how to swim. She ……………………… (want) to learn and she ……………………… (wait) for the
swimming course to start next month.
2. Teacher: Graham, ……………………… you ……………………… (listen) to me?
Student: Yes, Mrs Black, but I still ……………………… (not understand) the story.
3. The world ……………………… (get) warmer and most world leaders ……………………… (believe) that this
is a big problem. Next month, many of these leaders ……………………… (meet) to talk about the problem.

Name
Unit 2 Vocabulary
1 Circle the word that doesn’t belong.
1. sunscreen • swimsuit • sleeping bag • surfboard
2. tent • wetsuit • backpack • hiking boots
3. snorkel • skis • boots • jacket
4. museum • restaurant • shopping centre • pocketknife
1. If you are going to snorkel in cold water, wear a money belt / wetsuit.
2. When flying to the USA, you mustn’t take more than two suitcases / binoculars.
3. I never travel without a travel guide / agent in my backpack.
4. Today’s travellers are more likely to send e-mails than souvenirs / postcards.
5. Don’t forget to take extra batteries for your pocketknife / torch.
3 Match the words in A to the examples in B.
A B
1. school trip a. a plate from Venice, a stone from the beach, a T-shirt from New York
2. souvenirs b. Sammy’s Fish Bar, The Steakhouse, Paulo’s Pizza
3. travel documents c. go to the theatre, visit a museum, go hiking
4. seaside items d. surfboard, wetsuit, sunscreen
5. local restaurants e. passports, tickets, visas
4 Complete the sentences with the words below.
first-aid kit • raincoat • sightseeing • camera • sunglasses
1. Let’s rest today. Tomorrow we can go ……………… .
2. Remember to take your ……………… so you can take lots of photos.
3. It’s important to take a ……………… when you go hiking, just in case someone gets hurt.
4. I always wear ……………… to protect my eyes in the summer.
5. He forgot to take his ……………… and his clothes got very wet.
A B
1. With 24 beds in each room, it is very cheap to stay in this basic a. resort.
2. We built a fire when we arrived at the b. caravan.
3. The service was wonderful and there was so much to do in this c. bed and breakfast.
4. You can travel from place to place and sleep in your own d. youth hostel.
5. You can turn your home into a successful e. campsite.

Name
6 Complete the text with the words in Exercise 5, column B.
When my friends and I go on holiday, we can’t afford to stay at an expensive (1) ……………………… ,
so we stay at a (2) ……………………… with lots of other young people. Once we stayed at a
(3) ……………………… , but I hated sleeping in someone else’s home. I like being outdoors and would
like to buy a tent and stay at a (4) ……………………… . My friend’s parents are thinking of buying a
(5) ……………………… because they like to travel but don’t want to sleep in a tent.
1. They set up / set off on their trip early this morning.
2. She always closes her eyes when the plane takes off / gets to.
3. Let’s check in / set off our suitcases.
4. He got to / took off the hotel at midnight.
5. I checked in / set up my new computer before I went on holiday.
travel expenses • travel arrangements • boat trip • business trips
1. My dad goes on lots of ……………………… abroad.
2. She made her ……………………… on the Internet.
3. I have always dreamed of going on a ……………………… on the River Thames.
4. Her company pays all her ……………………… when she travels.

Name
Grammar
1. Where did you buy / were you buying your tent?
2. My brother bought / was buying me a gift while he shopped / was shopping.
3. Why didn’t you sleep / weren’t you sleeping at 3.00 am?
4. While the children played / were playing, their parents talked / were talking.
5. As I walked / was walking to the bus stop, the bus drove / was driving past me.
2 Complete the sentences with the time expressions below.
in 1990 • while • when • at 6.00 pm • yesterday morning
1. The baby was crying ……………………… his mother went into his room.
2. ……………………… we were playing football, our father was cleaning the house.
3. My mum’s car is very old. She bought it ……………………… .
4. It started to rain ……………………… , so we went inside and made dinner.
5. ……………………… , my best friend went to France on holiday.
3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. While he ……………………… (shave), he ……………………… (cut) himself.
2. She ……………………… (break) her nail while she ……………………… (clean) the house.
3. While Adam ……………………… (look) for his keys, he ……………………… (find) his glasses.
4. Rosa ……………………… (meet) her boyfriend while she ……………………… (travel) in India.
4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Perfect Simple.
1. By the time she reached the airport, she ……………………… (miss) the plane.
2. They ……………………… (learn) the play by heart before they performed it on the stage.
3. ……………… he ……………… (go) to sleep by 11 o’clock?
4. The film ……………… already ……………… (start) before he arrived at the cinema.
5. How much homework ……………… he ……………… (finish) when you arrived?
1. They studied / had studied Portuguese for a year before they travelled / had travelled to Brazil.
2. My parents decided / had decided to visit India after they saw / had seen a documentary about the Taj Mahal.
3. By the time they reached / had reached the station, their train left / had left. Naturally they were upset.
4. Nick was hungry when the plane landed / had landed at the airport because he didn’t eat / hadn’t eaten on
the flight.

Name
6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple, Past Continuous or Past Perfect Simple.
1. They ……………………… (not finish) packing their suitcase when their taxi ……………………… (arrive).
2. They ……………………… (be) friends for five years before they ……………………… (get) married.
3. Clara ……………………… (try) to study while her brother ……………………… (play) his drums.
4. Mr Brown ……………………… (cross) the street when a car ……………………… (hit) him.
5. They ……………………… (read) the whole travel guide before they ……………………… (go) on their trip.
6. Why ……………… you ……………………… (cry) when I ……………………… (see) you yesterday?
7 Write questions for the answers below. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1.
Victor was visiting a museum while we were eating.
2.
Ingrid had bought souvenirs before we arrived.
3.
Toni was working at the bank when he met Eva.
4.
Mr Duncan had smoked 20 cigarettes a day before he stopped smoking.
5.
My parents went sightseeing in Paris in the summer.
6.
I didn’t wear a jacket because it was warm outside.

Name
Unit 3 Vocabulary
1 Look at the table and answer the questions below.
Recent World Cup Finals
Year Winner Runner-up
Score Before
Penalties
Penalties
2006 Italy France 1-1 5-3
2002 Brazil Germany 2-0
1998 France Brazil 3-0
1994 Brazil Italy 0-0 3-2
1990 West Germany Argentina 1-0
1986 Argentina West Germany 3-2
1. Which team beat Brazil? ………………
2. Which team was the runner-up in 1990? ………………
3. In which years was there a draw before penalties? ……………… , ………………
4. How many goals did Argentina score in the 1986 game? ………………
5. Which team won the competition in 2006? ………………
2 Complete the sentences with the bold words from Exercise 1.
1. In the 2006 match, there was a ……………………… between Italy and France before penalties.
2. Between 1986 and 2006, Brazil ……………………… twice.
3. West Germany ……………………… Argentina in 1990.
4. Germany was the ……………………… in 2002.
5. Argentina didn’t ……………………… any goals in the 1990 game.
3 Replace the words in bold with the words below.
take up • entered • talented • match • train
1. She has to practise four times a week.
2. Anna is a very good tennis player.
3. Their team won the rugby game.
4. She was in her first swimming competition when she was only 8 years old.
5. My sister decided to start horse-riding last year.
1. Alan is determined / disciplined to get 100% in his next test.
2. At the end of the tennis game, she was so happy that she jumped over the net / basket.
3. The boys in my team are disciplined / talented. They always listen to the coach.
4. Some students enjoy a pitch / challenge, but others prefer not to do anything difficult.
5. You must wear a helmet / court when you skate or cycle.
6. My father loves going volleyball / fishing, but I don’t enjoy it.
7. I keep fit / kick by cycling to school every day.
8. He is totally determined / dedicated to the sport.

Name
5 Match the sports to the correct category.
fishing • tennis • athletics • cycling • gymnastics • skating • windsurfing • hockey • swimming • football • volleyball
………………
………………
……………… ………………
………………
……………… ……………… ………………
………………
……………… ………………
1. Bob is so competitive that he … .
a. gets upset when he loses b. always enjoys playing the game
2. In order to keep fit, Jane … .
a. runs 2 kilometres a day b. watches the news on TV
3. Wow! I think he’s going to break a record because … .
a. he is running so fast b. he is playing volleyball
4. She crossed the finish line first and … .
a. lost the race. b. won the race.
5. When cycling, you should wear a helmet … .
a. to protect your head b. to protect your legs
6. You play tennis on a … .
a. track b. court
gogo
do
play

Name
Grammar
1 Write the past participle of the irregular verbs.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
1. put put
2. break broke
3. drink drank
4. choose chose
5. give gave
6. know knew
2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple.
1. The Williams sisters ………………………(play) tennis since they were very young.
2. He ……………… always ……………… (enjoy) camping holidays.
3. ……………… you ……………… (feed) the dog yet this morning?
4. My brother ………………never ………………(see) a rainbow.
5. The Andorra football team ………………………(not win) the World Cup.
6. I ………………………………(not finish) my homework yet.
3 Choose the correct time expression.
1. Have you bought tickets for the basketball game yet / just?
2. My parents have been to Italy twice but they have ever / never been to Germany.
3. You don’t have to stop at the supermarket. I have yet / already done the shopping.
4. Be careful, the floor is wet. I have just / never washed it.
5. Have you yet / ever ridden a horse?
1. She has lived in Paris for / since nearly a year.
2. The Los Angeles Lakers have won the NBA championship several times for / since 1947.
3. David Beckham hasn’t played football in Spain for / since July 2007.
4. I’m so hungry. I haven’t eaten anything for / since this morning.
5. Her parents are angry because she has been on the telephone for / since two hours.

Name
5 Write the questions for the answers below. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1.
Yes, my sister has joined the judo club.
2.
No, the children haven’t gone to bed.
3.
The dog has hidden his bone in the garden.
4.
She has baked a pie today.
5.
Mrs Green has won the lottery.
1. Did they visit / Have they visited their grandparents last week?
2. My uncle lived / has lived in Canada for eight years and is very happy there.
3. He didn’t check / hasn’t checked his e-mails yet.
4. When did they finish / have they finished the test?
5. Irene broke / has broken her leg yesterday.
6. The twins were / have been ill for a week. I hope they get better soon.
7. My brother didn’t have / hasn’t had his lunch yesterday.
8. Where were you / have you been lately?
7 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple.
1. Mr Smith ……………………………… (never teach) English before.
2. Robert ……………………………… (drive) to London two days ago.
3. ……………… you ……………………… (go) to the football match last week?
4. I ……………………………… (not wash) the dishes yet.
5. ……………… you ever ……………………… (see) such a beautiful car?
6. My friend ……………………………… (already give) his work to the teacher.
7. Nancy ……………………………… (not drink) enough water yesterday.
8. Mrs Black ……………………………… (recently write) a new book.

Name
Unit 4 Vocabulary
1 Circle the words which are “positive” for the environment. Underline the words which are
“negative” for the environment.
pollutants • recycle • smoke • toxic waste • environmentally-friendly • exhaust fumes
renewable energy • global warming • conservation
2 Are the pairs of words opposites (O) or synonyms (S)?
1. destroy – save
2. toxic waste – poisonous chemicals
3. damage – harm
4. rubbish – litter
5. overuse – underuse
1. Thousands of fish and water birds died as a result of the oil spill / landfill.
2. We should buy cars that use less petrol / smoke.
3. Many people are trying hard to put an end to environmentally-friendly / global warming.
4. Every family can try to reduce the amount of rubbish / smoke that they throw out.
5. We show that we care about / harm our environment by recycling.
6. Some farmers use chemicals / landfills to make fruit grow bigger.
7. By using recycled paper, we can help prevent deforestation / pollutants.
8. Pollution combined with toxic waste could lead to conservation / ecological disaster.
4 Match the words in A to the definitions in B.
A B
1. multinational a. replaces itself naturally
2. underestimate b. two things that are joined together
3. anti-smoking c. do or take something too much
4. renewable d. against the use of cigarettes
5. interconnected e. guess a number that is too low
6. overuse f. in many countries
5 Choose the correct prefix to match the definitions.
1. against violence: anti- / multi- violence
2. food that is not cooked enough: over / under cooked
3. doing many tasks at the same time: inter / multi- tasking
4. turn on again: re / anti- start
5. competition between different schools: inter / over school contest
6. works too hard: anti- / over worked

Name
6 Match the sentences in A to the results in B.
A B
1. Factories dump their toxic waste in the sea. a. Land pollution increases.
2. Cars and lorries give off exhaust fumes. b. Deforestation increases.
3. People throw their rubbish on the ground. c. Water pollution increases.
4. People cut down too many trees. d. Conservation increases.
5. People use only the things they need. e. Recycling increases.
6. Instead of throwing things away, rubbish is reused. f. Air pollution increases.
landfills • recycle • protect • exhaust fumes • toxic • destroy • increase
1. ……………… from cars are a major cause of air pollution.
2. Most countries bury their rubbish in ……………… .
3. If we continue to ……………… the environment, wild animals will have nowhere to live.
4. There has been an ……………… in the number of cars on the roads.
5. My father’s company is able to ……………… plastic bottles by making garden furniture from them.
6. Many countries bury their ……………… waste in unpopulated areas.
7. We need to ……………… endangered animals.

Name
Grammar
1. An old man just got on the bus. I will give / am going to give him my seat.
2. We will have / are going to have a big history test next week.
3. I am hungry. I think I will eat / am going to eat something.
4. He is beginning / will begin skating lessons tomorrow.
5. They will buy / are going to buy a new sofa soon.
6. My friends are preparing / will prepare a meal for their parents tomorrow night.
2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Simple or be going to.
1. Ron is fast. He ……………………… (win) the race.
2. That soup smells delicious. I think I ……………………… (have) some.
3. Have you cleaned your room yet?
No, not yet. I ……………………… (clean) it tomorrow.
4. What are your plans for the weekend? I ……………………… (have) some friends over.
5. Lisa tells her sister a secret and says, “Promise you ……………………… (not tell) Mum.”
6. Where ……………… you ……………………… (put) that picture? I think you should hang it on that wall.
7. Can you come to my house tonight? We ……………………… (watch) a great film.
8. Let’s go to the party. It ……………………… (be) fun.
3 Write sentences with the words below.
1. 7.00 / going / leave / morning / they / to / tomorrow / are / at / .
2. will / the / take place / where / meeting / ?
3. party / invite / Bill / Sara / to / won’t / her / .
4. recycling / going / build / when / are / centre / the / they / to / ?
4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Simple, the Present Continuous
or be going to. There may be more than one possible answer.
1. Are you thirsty? Don’t worry, I ……………………………… (bring) you a glass of water.
2. He is training because he ……………………………… (take part) in the next Winter Olympics.
3. My parents ……………………………… (fly) to Greece tomorrow morning.
4. What ……………… you ……………………… (wear) for the party next week?
5. It ……………… probably ……………………… (rain) in London next week.
5 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Continuous.
1. At this time tomorrow, I ……………………………… (sit) on the plane to New York.
2. The technician ……………………………… (come) to check the telephone system tomorrow morning.
3. ……………… the film ……………………… (start) in a few minutes?
4. Maria Tanner ……………………………… (not perform) the leading role in today’s show.

Name
6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Perfect Simple.
1. By this time next year, I ……………………………… (lose) 15 kilos.
2. Give them more time. They ……………………………… (not finish) the assignment by Tuesday.
3. Next January, my parents ……………………………… (be) married for 30 years.
4. ……………… scientists ……………………… (find) a cure for cancer by the year 2050?
1. How will I recognise him? He will be wearing / will have worn a green shirt.
2. Let’s hope that we will be stopping / will have stopped global warming by the year 2025.
3. The film starts at 8.00 and finishes at 10.00, so at 9.00 we will be watching / will have watched it.
4. The President is ill so he won’t be attending / won’t have attended the meeting this evening.
5. If he wins the Oscar this year, he will be winning / will have won three awards.

Name
Unit 5 Vocabulary
A B
1. My friend sent me a. a letter to the newspaper.
2. Let’s meet and have b. the phone.
3. If we can’t meet, let’s speak on c. a text message.
4. You can give your opinion by writing d. me an e-mail.
5. In the evening, my friends and I chat e. a face-to-face conversation.
6. I’m not home now so just send f. online.
1. In most schools around the world, children learn to speak at least one … .
a. bad language b. foreign language c. sign language
2. Although his mother speaks only Italian, Peter is … . He speaks English and Italian fluently.
a. translated b. misunderstood c. bilingual
3. Dina always … about the food her mother makes.
a. complains b. apologises c. blames
4. I would like to … a moment of your time.
a. warn b. request c. chat
1. She had a car accident because she ignored / translated the “Stop” sign. ………………
2. Her German is less fluent / slang than her French. ………………
3. I said 15 - not 50! You discussed / misunderstood me. ………………
4. The weatherman blamed / warned that a storm was coming. ………………
5. Let’s go online this evening and have a chat / face-to-face conversation. ………………
6. In case of emergency, please contact / blame Mrs C Smith. ………………
7. Go and request / apologise to that boy right now. You obviously hurt his feelings. ………………
4 Replace the words in bold with the phrasal verbs below.
get by • cut in • passed down • get across • pass on • pick up • get through
1. I haven’t got a lot of money but I manage. ………………………
2. The best way to understand this game is to learn the rules as you play. ………………………
3. Talented dancers are able to use movement to communicate their feelings. ………………………
4. I tried to call the office six times but I couldn’t reach them. ………………………
5. Please spread the good news to everyone you know. ………………………
6. It’s not polite to interrupt when someone else is speaking. ………………………
7. This ring was given to my mother and then to me. ………………………

Name
5 Choose the correct answer to complete the collocations.
1. Sign / Body language is used mainly by the deaf.
2. In Switzerland, there are four foreign / official languages.
3. Pupils who use body / bad language will be sent home.
4. Polish is his official / first language. He grew up in Poland.
5. Your body / sign language usually gives away how you truly feel.
6 Complete the sentences with the words and expressions below.
keep in touch • bilingual • slang • mother tongue • discuss • translate • fluent
1. It is difficult to ……………………… some words from one language into another.
2. Her father speaks to her in French and her mother in Italian. She is totally ……………………… .
3. Don’t shout at me. If you have a problem, let’s ……………………… it.
4. You should never use ……………………… when you write a formal letter.
5. His English is more ……………………… than his French or German.
6. My best friend moved far away but we still ……………………… .
7. Although she was born in Germany, English is her ……………………… since her mother is British.

Name
Grammar
1 Circle the relative pronoun and underline the noun it describes.
1. I have a friend who lives in Paris.
2. This is the book which I told you about.
3. We ate in a restaurant where the waiters sing and dance.
4. That is the man whose wife died.
5. The 4th of July is the day when Americans celebrate independence.
6. Those are the flowers that my father bought.
A B
1. They say New York is a city a. when the country was at war.
2. She works for an airline b. who speak Spanish.
3. There are many Americans c. whose speciality is treating back pain.
4. She took him to a doctor d. where people never sleep.
5. They met in 1943 e. which has got offices all over the world.
3 Choose the correct relative pronoun.
1. They met outside the house which / where / whose the party was held.
2. What’s the name of the artist who / which / when painted the Mona Lisa?
3. Her father didn’t like the car who / when / that her mother had chosen.
4. The girl who / whose / that bicycle was stolen is terribly upset.
5. That’s the book who / which / where he recommended.
6. Have you met the couple who / which / where want to buy the house?
7. I remember the day where / which / when my brother was born.
4 Complete the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun.
1. She knows Antonio Bear, ……………………… is an excellent translator.
2. He uses American Sign Language, ……………………… is different from British Sign Language.
3. The Bahamas, ……………………… my friends have gone on holiday, is supposed to be beautiful.
4. His father, ……………………… mother tongue is English, speaks French quite well.
5. Molly was born in 1996, ……………………… my sister was just one.

Name
5 Combine the sentences using the relative pronoun in brackets. Make any necessary changes.
1. She fell in love with a boy. His father works in Africa. (whose)
2. That is the shop. I bought my new shoes there. (where)
3. I’ll never forget that day. I first saw you then. (when)
4. Where can I find a shop? It sells drumsticks. (which)
5. This is the guide. He will take you on a tour of the city. (who)
6 Complete the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun. There may be more than one possible answer.
1. Do you know anyone ……………… speaks Welsh?
2. She uses her computer, ……………… is in her living room, to keep in touch with her family.
3. Eric met a boy ……………… father works in Hong Kong.
4. My family travelled to Japan, ……………… my grandmother is living.
5. Abigail teaches judo, ……………… is her favourite sport.
6. I miss the days ……………… we had so much free time.

Name
Unit 6 Vocabulary
1 Which of the following words and expressions have got positive or negative meanings?
respect • offend • appropriate • rude • cultural taboo • tolerant
Positive Negative
1. ………………………
2. ………………………
3. ………………………
4. ………………………
5. ………………………
6. ………………………
2 Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in Exercise 1.
1. Always ……………………… parents and teachers.
2. Try to be ……………………… of your younger sisters and brothers.
3. Never interrupt when someone is speaking. It’s ……………………… .
4. Be careful that your behaviour does not ……………………… anyone.
5. In some cultures, there isn’t a ……………………… against eating dogs.
6. For a hike in the hills, high-heeled shoes are not ……………………… .
1. Not all Californians fit the pop culture / stereotype of being tall and blonde.
2. The children found it hard to adapt / respect to their new school.
3. Liberal / Conservative people are open to new ideas.
4. The dance festival was the main cultural taboo / cultural event of the year.
5. When they first arrive in a new country, immigrants usually experience democracy / culture shock.
6. When millions of people follow a certain fashion in clothes or music, it becomes pop culture / multicultural.
7. Islam is the major religion / smallest population of Saudi Arabia.
8. England is a nationality / monarchy, even though the Queen has little power.
9. It’s respectful / offensive to stand when the judge enters the courtroom.

Name
4 Choose the correct continuation.
1. This ring is unique.
a. It’s much too big.
b. There isn’t another one like it.
2. The guest’s behaviour was offensive.
a. He was careful to be very polite.
b. Clearly, he wasn’t familiar with their culture.
3. Don’t judge her.
a. You don’t know anything about her life.
b. She’s not an honest person.
4. John is very respectful.
a. He gets angry easily.
b. He’s always polite to old people.
5. It was a very diverse group.
a. There were people of all ages and cultures.
b. They were all British school students.
5 Find one answer that is INCORRECT.
1. Her language was … .
a. rude b. formal c. cultural
2. People wore … clothing.
a. tolerant b. diverse c. appropriate
3. We live in a … society.
a. multicultural b. national c. conservative
4. I’m sorry. I don’t speak … .
a. Holland b. Turkish c. Chinese
6 Complete the sentences with the correct adjective form of the words in brackets.
Add a suffix (-al, -able, -ful, -ous, -ive or -ate).
1. Michael Crichton is a ……………… (fame) writer.
2. They have got a very ……………… (attract) garden.
3. Our visit to New York was ……………… (enjoy).
4. The whole evening was just ……………… (magic).
5. They arrived in Paris on a ……………… (beauty) sunny day.
6. Our neighbours are pleasant, ……………… (consider) people.
7 Complete the sentences with the correct adjectives.
1. Marie is from Ireland, and her boyfriend is from Italy.
Marie is ……………… and her boyfriend is ……………… .
2. Dan’s mother comes from Holland and his father from Switzerland.
Dan’s mother is ……………… and his father is ……………… .

Name
Grammar
1. The doctor says I might / must get more exercise.
2. You look great in brown. You should / can wear it more often.
3. His arm is broken, so he isn’t able to / may not write.
4. Tomorrow is a holiday, so we mustn’t / don’t have to get up early.
5. When you are on a diet, you ought to / could drink a lot of water.
6. He stopped the car so he should / could rest for a while.
1. You may borrow the book.
a. I’ve finished reading it. b. It’s a good idea.
2. Greg shouldn’t marry Katie.
a. She’s already married. b. He doesn’t love her.
3. She mustn’t drive home.
a. She drank beer at the party. b. Her brother took the car.
4. I don’t have to cook dinner.
a. I’ve never learned to cook. b. We’re going out for a meal.
3 Complete the sentences with the modals below.
may • must • can’t • could • should
1. You ……………… come to us for dinner. I won’t accept no for an answer.
2. ……………… I have a piece of cake, please?
3. He ……………… reach it. He’s not tall enough.
4. You ……………… always brush your teeth before you go to sleep.
5. I ……………… make people laugh when I was young.
needn’t • mustn’t • ought to • have to • might • couldn’t
1. Tess should help her mother more. ………………
2. I’m not sure, but she may be French. ………………
3. In some countries, girls are forbidden to uncover their faces in public. ………………
4. You don’t have to explain. ………………
5. You must be careful not to offend them. ………………
6. I’m sorry we weren’t able to come. ………………
1. The restaurant isn’t as busy as I expected. We mustn’t have / might not have / needn’t have reserved a table.
2. Jay looks happy. He could have / must have / ought to have passed his driving test.
3. I’m so tired this morning. I couldn’t have / needn’t have / shouldn’t have gone to bed so late.
4. You could have / must have / may have called to tell us you were coming.

Name
6 Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative or negative modal perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
There may be more than one possible answer.
1. Why didn’t you write?
You ……………………………… (send) an e-mail or an SMS.
2. You missed a great film last night.
You ……………………………… (come) with us.
3. It’s only nine o’clock.
They ……………………………… (go) to bed yet.
4. My dictionary isn’t in my bag.
I ……………………………… (leave) it at home.
5. The train won’t be here for ages.
We ……………………………… (get) here so early.
1. Danny is clever. He could read / could have read when he was five.
2. We must have remembered / must remember to buy drinks for the party tonight.
3. You shouldn’t buy / shouldn’t have bought that gift. It was much too expensive.
4. That boy plays the piano really well. He might become / might have become
a professional pianist one day.
5. I found the book easily. You couldn’t look / couldn’t have looked very hard for it.
6. The dog must eat / must have eaten the steak because no one else was at home.

Name
Unit 7 Vocabulary
1. You forgot to plug in / log into the toaster. No wonder it isn’t working.
2. Could you please turn up / turn on the TV? I’d like to watch the news.
3. Please switch off / cut off the lights when you leave the room.
4. You need to turn on / log into the website in order to download music.
5. If your electricity is cut off / plugged in, use your torch.
6. Please turn up / turn down the radio. I love that song.
7. Turn on / Turn down the music. It’s too loud.
2 Complete the sentences with the expressions below.
make a backup copy • go online • insert a disc • highlight part of the text
click on an icon • access information
1. To ……………………………… means to use the Internet.
2. The Internet is a great way to ……………………………… .
3. To choose a computer function, you ……………………………… .
4. To mark relevant information in an article you ……………………………… .
5. To avoid a file getting lost, you should always ……………………………… .
6. When you want to make a copy of a file, you can ……………………………… .
1. A clever … managed to get into secret government programs.
a. Palm Pilot b. hacker c. browser
2. Johnny decided to … the music onto a disc.
a. download b. switch off c. plug in
3. My friend writes … programs for a big computer company.
a. webcam b. iPod c. software
4. The … will quickly copy this page onto your computer.
a. memory b. scanner c. laptop
4 Match the words in A to the examples in B.
A B
1. a kind of computer game a. Google
2. a part of a website b. Palm Pilot
3. a search engine c. virtual reality
4. a computer part d. memory
5. a personal organiser e. home page

Name
5 Susan Pitt is at a job interview. Complete the conversation with the words below.
headphones • user-friendly • laptop • computer-literate • USB flash drive
Employer: Good morning, Miss Pitt. It says on your CV that you are (1) ……………………… .
Susan: That’s right. I’ve used a computer for years.
Employer: Are you familiar with Excel?
Employer: Yes, there is. In fact we could give you a copy. But you will need to learn it at home.
Have you got a computer?
Susan: Yes. I’ve got a (3) ……………………… .
Employer: That’s good. If we hire you, I will download the program onto a (4) ……………………… .
Have you got any questions for me?
Susan: Actually, I have. I really like listening to music while I work. It helps me concentrate.
Would that cause a problem?
Employer: Many employees listen to music but they bring in their own (5) ………………………
so they won’t disturb anyone.
Susan: That sounds fine. This seems like a wonderful place to work.
Employer: Great! When can you start?
6 Answer the questions with the words below.
crash • mouse • memory • virus
1. Which part of a computer is also a small animal?
A ……………… .
2. What attacks people and computers?
A ……………… .
3. Where do people and computers store information?
In their ……………… .
4. What sometimes happens to computers and cars?
They ……………… .

Name
Grammar
1. If you like this CD, I’ll lend / I would lend it to you.
2. You won’t / wouldn’t get lost if you had a GPS.
3. We’ll discuss it if you come / will come over tonight.
4. If he sends / sent me an e-mail, I’d reply at once.
5. We’ll miss the bus unless we will leave / leave now.
1. If you don’t help me with the homework, … .
a. I won’t be able to do it b. I wouldn’t do it
2. John will take pictures of your family … .
a. unless he forgets his camera b. if you would ask him
3. If we saved some money, … .
a. we bought a new computer b. we could buy a laptop
3 Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative or negative form of the verbs in brackets.
1. You wouldn’t disturb people if you ……………………… (wear) headphones.
2. If she goes online, she ……………………… (find) all the information she needs.
3. Jack can’t travel to America unless he ……………………… (get) a passport.
4. If I ……………………… (have) a Palm Pilot to help me, I wouldn’t be so well organised.
5. Unless the police catch the thief, they ……………………… (find) the jewels.
6. What would you buy if you ……………………… (win) the lottery?
4 Choose the correct meaning of each sentence.
1. If the dog hadn’t barked, we wouldn’t have known anyone was there.
a. We didn’t know anyone was there because the dog didn’t bark.
b. We knew someone was there because the dog barked.
2. Janet couldn’t have afforded the shoes if they hadn’t been on sale.
a. Janet was able to buy the shoes because they were on sale.
b. Even though they were on sale, Janet couldn’t afford to buy the shoes.
3. If the car park had been full, they’d have parked near the school.
a. The car park wasn’t full so they parked there.
b. They parked near the school because the car park was full.

Name
A B
1. If there’s a good film on, a. I’d refuse his offer.
2. Dan would fix the TV b. if he’d practised more.
3. He would have played better c. they wouldn’t have been late.
4. If I were you, d. unless you know English.
5. If the car hadn’t broken down, e. I’ll go.
6. You won’t get the job f. if he were here.
6 Complete each sentence according to the meaning of the original sentences. Use the first, second or third
conditionals.
1. We didn’t visit the museum because it was closed.
We ……………………………… the museum if ……………………… open.
2. The temperature may reach 0º C tonight and the lake will freeze.
If the temperature ……………………… 0º C tonight, the lake ……………………… .
3. She hasn’t got a laptop so she can’t work when she’s travelling.
If she ……………………… a laptop, she ……………………… when she travels.
4. Hurry or you’ll miss the bus.
You ……………………… the bus unless you ……………………… .
5. Bill had an accident because he was careless.
If Bill ……………………… careless, he ……………………… an accident.
6. Robbie is only nice to Ellie because she lets him borrow her iPod.
Robbie ……………………… so nice to Ellie if she ……………………… her iPod.

Name
Unit 8 Vocabulary
1. The films’ soundtracks / subtitles include music and songs.
2. All the critics that released / reviewed the film said it was very good.
3. Cinderella was one of Walt Disney’s early action / animation films.
4. A horror film will be based / screened in our local cinema next week.
5. Although the people who direct / star in films are very important, we don’t see them.
6. That film has got a great plot / cast. I can’t remember when I’ve seen a film with such wonderful actors.
subtitles • costumes • musical • star • release • plot
1. In the film, the series of events was easy to follow. ………………
2. In some countries, films have got translations written on the screen. ………………
3. I wonder who will have the most important parts in the film. ………………
4. A clever designer created the actors’ clothes for the film. ………………
5. The film company promised to have the first showing of the film next month. ………………
6. The Phantom of the Opera was a successful show with lots of singing before it was made into a film.
………………
3 Choose the logical continuation.
1. That film was predictable.
a. I guessed what would happen.
b. I was surprised by the ending.
2. The TV programme was hilarious.
a. I cried and cried.
b. I couldn’t stop laughing.
3. What an awful book!
a. Why did you tell me to read it?
b. I will tell my friends to read it.
4. The history lesson was quite dull today.
a. I really enjoyed it.
b. I thought I’d fall asleep.
5. Robert De Niro is an outstanding actor.
a. I think he’s one of the best.
b. I don’t enjoy watching his films.
4 Match A to B to form expressions.
A B
1. special a. character
2. main b. fiction
3. box-office c. comedies
4. science d. effects
5. romantic e. hit

Name
5 Complete the sentences with expressions from Exercise 4.
1. If you like films about the future, you’ll enjoy this ……………………… film.
2. Titanic was a ……………………… for many months.
3. Modern technology helps to create ……………………… for films.
4. The ……………………… in the film is a man wrongly accused of murder.
5. Pretty Woman was one of the most popular ……………………… ever made.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below.
nominate • tell • base • get • play
1. The film is ……………… on a novel by John Grisham.
2. Leonardo DiCaprio ……………… the part of a passenger on the ship in Titanic.
3. It was a wonderful film and ……………… rave reviews.
4. The film ……………… the story of a poor boy who became a millionaire. I think you’ll enjoy it.
5. He was ……………… for an Oscar, but didn’t get one.
7 Complete the sentences with the -ed or -ing adjective form of the words in brackets.
1. It’s the most ……………… (excite) film I’ve ever seen.
2. Are you ……………… (thrill) that Jack asked you for a date?
3. It’s absolutely ……………… (amaze) how dogs find their way home.
4. The meal we had at the restaurant was very ……………… (disappoint).
5. We are not ……………… (interest) in your problems.
6. If you think the film is ……………… (bore), we can leave now.
7. No one is laughing. Obviously they’re not ……………… (amuse).

Name
Grammar
1. The winner will award / will be awarded a gold medal.
2. Too much red meat is thought / thought to be unhealthy.
3. When we arrived, the police were taking away / were being taken away the cars.
4. America discovered / was discovered by Columbus in 1492.
5. Everyone knows that water boils / is boiled at 100 degrees Celsius.
6. This afternoon, Tim’s dog is checking / is being checked by the vet.
2 Complete the dialogues with the verbs in brackets. Use the passive.
1. When will we know the result of the competition?
It ……………………………… (announce) next week.
2. Why is the shoe shop on High Street closed?
It ……………………………… (repaint).
3. How did the film end?
The bad guy ……………………………… (kill).
4. Why is Patty so excited?
She ……………………………… (offer) a big part in the play.
3 Write sentences with the words below. Use the passive.
1. in China rice / eat / with chopsticks / .
2. the school football team / not beat / this season / .
3. the test / give / to the Year 11 students / at this moment / .
4. your house / break into / last week / ?
5. next week / everything in the shop / sell / at half price / .
4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive form.
1. Every winter, the children in Alaska ……………………………… (build) snowmen.
2. Details of the fire ……………………………… (publish) in tomorrow’s papers.
3. When I was five, I ……………………………… (give) a puppy for my birthday.
4. The meal will soon be ready. It ……………………………… (prepare) now.
5. Robby is upset because he ……………………………… (not receive) an e-mail from Kate yet.
6. When ……………………………… the time of the next meeting (announce)?

Name
5 Complete each sentence according to the meaning of the original sentences.
1. Mistakes are made when people are careless.
Careless people ……………………………… mistakes.
2. Nobody has seen Jim since last week.
Jim ……………………………… since last week.
3. Women are wearing their skirts longer this year.
Skirts ……………………………… longer this year.
4. The scene was being filmed in the village square.
They ……………………………… the scene in the village square.
5. Technicians will use new technology to create the special effects.
New technology ……………………………… to create the special effects.
6. What did the thieves steal from the museum?
What ……………………………… from the museum?
6 Complete the sentences using a causative form.
1. We didn’t design our sitting room. We ……………… it ……………… .
2. Bill doesn’t prepare his own meals. He ……………… his meals ……………… by his mother.
3. I won’t repair the roof myself. I ……………… the roof ……………… by a builder.
4. Frank isn’t taking the photographs. He ……………… the photos ……………… by a professional.

Name
Unit 9 Vocabulary
1 Answer the questions with the words below.
front page • journalist • newsflash • articles • media
1. What appears inside magazines and newspapers?
2. Where is the most important news in a newspaper? on the
3. What refers to TV, radio and newspapers? the
4. What interrupts programmes? a
5. Who sometimes travels abroad in his / her work? a
2 Match the newspaper sections in A to the headlines in B.
A B
1. classified ads a.
2. business b.
3. weather c.
4. travel d.
5. fashion e.
1. Articles / Headlines are usually printed in large, eye-catching letters.
2. Countries that are not democratic don’t usually have freedom of the press / national news.
3. After the incident, the president gave information / held a press conference.
4. I watch the news on TV in order to follow current affairs / editorials.
5. All the newspapers reported the news / presented the news of the Princess’ death.
6. The Nature Channel covers the story / presents programmes about animal life.
A B
1. Politicians a. is reported by the media.
2. Headlines b. covers stories.
3. A reporter c. hold press conferences.
4. Editorials d. predicts the future.
5. A horoscope e. introduce articles.
6. World news f. contain opinions on the news.

Name
1. On the front page, I read the … .
a. horoscopes b. national news c. classified ads
2. A reporter was sent to … .
a. present the programme b. hold a press conference c. cover the event
3. The man came to the police station to … .
a. broadcast live b. give an interview c. report a theft
4. The doctor … with the patient’s family.
a. covered the story b. held a conversation c. presented the news
5. TV stations … from the scene of the plane crash.
a. presented a programme b. gave an interview c. broadcast live
6 Complete the sentences with the expressions below.
give an interview • broadcast worldwide • report the news • present the news • cover the story
1. Millions of people in different countries were able to follow the event on radio and TV.
The event was ……………………………… .
2. News announcers have to speak clearly.
People who ……………………………… must speak clearly.
3. A reporter was sent to find out about the incident.
A reporter was sent to ……………………………… .
4. The winner at Wimbledon will speak to reporters.
The winner at Wimbledon will ……………………………… .
5. The media informs the public about what is happening in the world.
The main job of the media is to ……………………………… .
7 Complete the sentences by adding a suffix (-er, -or, -ment or -ion) to the words in brackets.
1. Who was the ……………… (act) in that film? He was great.
2. I read about the film in the ……………… (entertain) section.
3. The ……………… (present) of the programme introduced the show.
4. The ……………… (photograph) took wonderful pictures.
5. According to the weatherman’s ……………… (predict), it will be cold tomorrow.

Name
Grammar
1. Frank promised that he will take / would take photographs on the trip.
2. The shop claimed that they have / had no more Harry Potter books.
3. Bob explained that he couldn’t / can’t come that evening.
4. Dad mentioned that he was going / is going to the dentist.
5. Laura admitted that she doesn’t know / didn’t know the answer.
1. I wondered … .
a. if Mike was still angry b. if Mike still loves me
2. Reporters asked eyewitnesses … .
a. what had they seen b. if they had seen anyone leave the building
3. My parents wanted to know … .
a. which film I was going to b. what time I will get home
4. Joe asked the doctor … .
a. when could he go back to work b. if he could go back to work
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. The boys claimed that they ……………………… (not break) the window.
2. Rita promised that she ……………………… (take) me to the party.
3. The salesgirl asked Jenny which sweater she ……………………… (prefer).
4. Ingrid admitted that she ……………………… (cannot understand) the maths.
5. The student wanted to know if the class ……………………… (have) a test the following week.
6. Sandra wondered who ……………………… (call) her when she was out.
7. The policeman warned Alex that he ……………………… (give) him a ticket if he caught him speeding again.
8. Jack said that he ……………………… (clean) his room when his mother had come home the previous day.
9. Mr Roberts said that he ……………………… (use) the computer at that moment.
1. The doctor … Bill to get more exercise.
a. said b. told c. suggested
2. Mary … if she should buy new shoes.
a. wondered b. explained c. reminded
3. The student … that he’d cheated in the test.
a. told b. warned c. admitted
4. Two masked robbers … everyone not to move.
a. ordered b. suggested c. said
5. Betty … that the coffee was cold.
a. asked b. complained c. advised

Name
5 Write sentences with the words below. Use the correct form of the verbs.
1. Jimmy / announced that / he / go to enter / a chess contest
2. The reporter / wanted to know / whether / we / saw / anything
3. The travel agent / asked / which flight / we / want to take
4. Ellen / argued / that / she / be / a better player than me
5. My headmistress / advised / me / apply for university
6 Complete the sentences according to the meaning of the original sentences.
1. “Let’s invite the neighbours for coffee tomorrow,” said Mrs Thomas.
Mrs Thomas suggested .
2. “Don’t walk on the grass,” said the park keeper to the children.
The park keeper told .
3. “Why do I have to go to the dentist today?” asked the little boy.
The little boy asked .
4. “I’ll never hit Johnny again,” Daniel said.
Daniel promised .
5. “We are watching the news on TV now,” her parents said.
Her parents told us .

Name
Reinforcement 1
Vocabulary
1 1. petite 3. average
2. arrogant 4. calm
2 1. c 2. h 3. a 4. g 5. e 6. d 7. b 8. f
3 1. always 3. well 5. older
2. make-up 4. rarely
4 1. inconsiderate 4. honest
2. Unsociable 5. disorganised
3. dependent 6. impatient
5 1. a 2. d 3. f 4. c 5. b 6. e
6 1. attractive 5. adventurous
2. average 6. outgoing
3. calm 7. cheerful
4. polite
Grammar
1 Present Simple: often, on Sundays, every year, twice a week, usually
Present Continuous: today, now, tomorrow night, this morning, at this moment
2 1. c 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. c
3 1. smells 6. aren’t watching
2. do you usually go 7. isn’t raining
3. is sleeping 8. doesn’t eat
4. do you visit 9. is meeting
5. don’t wear 10. doesn’t walk
4 1. washes 4. are going
2. am doing 5. don’t get up
3. eat 6. isn’t working
5 1. Does he love chocolates?
2. Where do they live?
3. What are the children playing?
4. Why are you wearing a coat?
5. When does she finish school?
6. Is she leaving tonight?
6 1. isn’t going, doesn’t know, wants, is waiting
2. are … listening, don’t understand
3. is getting, believe, are meeting
Reinforcement 2
Vocabulary
1 1. sleeping bag 3. snorkel
2. wetsuit 4. pocketknife
2 1. wetsuit 4. postcards
2. suitcases 5. torch
3. guide
3 1. c 2. a 3. e 4. d 5. b
4 1. sightseeing 4. sunglasses
2. camera 5. raincoat
3. first-aid kit
5 1. d 2. e 3. a 4. b 5. c
6 1. resort 4. campsite

Name
2. youth hostel 5. caravan
3. bed and breakfast
7 1. set off 4. got to
2. takes off 5. set up
3. check in
8 1. business trips 3. boat trip
2. travel arrangements 4. travel expenses
Grammar
1 1. did you buy 4. were playing, were talking
2. bought, was shopping 5. was walking, drove
3. weren’t you sleeping
2 1. when 4. at 6.00 pm
2. While 5. Yesterday morning
3. in 1990
3 1. was shaving, cut 3. was looking, found
2. broke, was cleaning 4. met, was travelling
4 1. had missed 4. had … started
2. had learnt 5. had … finished
3. Had … gone
5 1. had studied, travelled 3. reached, had left
2. decided, had seen 4. landed, hadn’t eaten
6 1. hadn’t finished, arrived 4. was crossing, hit
2. had been, got 5. had read, went
3. was trying, was playing 6. were … crying, saw
7 1. What was Victor doing while you / we were eating?
2. Who had bought souvenirs before you / we arrived?
3. Where was Toni working when he met Eva?
4. How many cigarettes had Mr Duncan smoked per day before he stopped smoking?
5. When did your parents go sightseeing in Paris?
6. Why didn’t you wear a jacket?
Reinforcement 3
Vocabulary
1 1. France 3. 1994, 2006 5. Italy
2. Argentina 4. 3
2 1. draw 4. runner-up
2. won the competition5. score
3. beat
3 1. train 3. match 5. take up
2. talented 4. entered
4 1. determined 5. helmet
2. net 6. fishing
3. disciplined 7. keep fit
4. challenge 8. dedicated
5 go: fishing, cycling, skating, windsurfing, swimming
do: athletics, gymnastics
play: tennis, hockey, football, volleyball
6 1. a 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. a 6. b
Grammar
1 1. put 3. drunk 5. given
2. broken 4. chosen 6. known

Name
2 1. have played 4. has … seen
2. has … enjoyed 5. hasn’t won
3. Have … fed 6. haven’t finished
3 1. yet 3. already 5. ever
2. never 4. just
4 1. for 3. since 5. for
2. since 4. since
5 1. Has your sister joined the judo club?
2. Have the children gone to bed?
3. Where has the dog hidden his bone?
4. What has she baked today?
5. Who has won the lottery?
6 1. Did they visit 5. broke
2. has lived 6. have been
3. hasn’t checked 7. didn’t have
4. did they finish 8. have you been
7 1. has never taught 5. Have … seen
2. drove 6. has already given
3. Did … go 7. didn’t drink
4. haven’t washed 8. has recently written
Reinforcement 4
Vocabulary
1 Positive: recycle, environmentally-friendly, renewable energy, conservation
Negative: pollutants, smoke, toxic waste, exhaust fumes, global warming
2 1. O 2. S 3. S 4. S 5. O
3 1. oil spill 5. care about
2. petrol 6. chemicals
3. global warming 7. deforestation
4. rubbish 8. ecological disaster
4 1. f 2. e 3. d 4. a 5. b 6. c
5 1. anti- 3. multi- 5. inter
2. under 4. re 6. over
6 1. c 2. f 3. a 4. b 5. d 6. e
7 1. Exhaust fumes 5. recycle
2. landfills 6. toxic
3. destroy 7. protect
4. increase
Grammar
1 1. will give 4. is beginning
2. are going to have 5. are going to buy
3. will eat 6. are preparing
2 1. will win 5. won’t tell
2. will have 6. are … going to put
3. am going to clean 7. are going to watch
4. am going to have 8. will be
3 1. They are going to leave tomorrow morning at 7.00 / at 7.00 tomorrow morning. / Tomorrow morning, they are going
to leave at 7.00.
2. Where will the meeting take place?
3. Sara won’t invite Bill to her party.
4. When are they going to build the recycling centre?
4 1. will bring

Name
2. is taking part / is going to take part
3. are flying / are going to fly
4. are … wearing / are … going to wear
5. will … rain
5 1. will be sitting 3. Will … be starting
2. will be coming 4. won’t be performing
6 1. will have lost 3. will have been
2. won’t have finished 4. Will … have found
7 1. will be wearing 4. won’t be attending
2. will have stopped 5. will have won
3. will be watching
Reinforcement 5
Vocabulary
1 1. c 2. e 3. b 4. a 5. f 6. d
2 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. b
3 1. ignored 4. warned 7. apologise
2. fluent 5. chat
3. misunderstood 6. contact
4 1. get by 4. get through 7. passed down
2. pick up 5. pass on
3. get across 6. cut in
5 1. Sign 3. bad 5. body
2. official 4. first
6 1. translate 5. fluent
2. bilingual 6. keep in touch
3. discuss 7. mother tongue
4. slang
Grammar
1 1. I have a friend who lives in Paris.
2. This is the book which I told you about.
3. We ate in a restaurant where the waiters sing and dance.
4. That is the man whose wife died.
5. The 4th of July is the day when Americans celebrate independence.
6. Those are the flowers that my father bought.
2 1. d 2. e 3. b 4. c 5. a
3 1. where 4. whose 7. when
2. who 5. which
3. that 6. who

Name
4 1. who 3. where 5. when
2. which 4. whose
5 1. She fell in love with a boy whose father works in Africa.
2. That is the shop where I bought my new shoes.
3. I’ll never forget the day when I first saw you.
4. Where can I find a shop which sells drumsticks?
5. This is the guide who will take you on a tour of the city.
6 1. who / that 3. whose 5. which
2. which 4. where 6. when
Reinforcement 6
Vocabulary
1 1. respect 4. offend
2. appropriate 5. rude
3. tolerant 6. cultural taboo
2 1. respect 4. offend
2. tolerant 5. cultural taboo
3. rude 6. appropriate
3 1. stereotype 6. pop culture
2. adapt 7. major religion
3. Liberal 8. monarchy
4. cultural event 9. respectful
5. culture shock
4 1. b 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. a
5 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. a
6 1. famous 3. enjoyable 5. beautiful
2. attractive 4. magical 6. considerate
7 1. Irish, Italian 2. Dutch, Swiss
Grammar
1 1. must 3. isn’t able to 5. ought to
2. should 4. don’t have to 6. could
2 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b
3 1. must 3. can’t 5. could
2. May 4. should
4 1. ought to 3. mustn’t 5. have to
2. might 4. needn’t 6. couldn’t
5 1. needn’t have 3. shouldn’t have
2. must have 4. could have
6 1. could / should have sent
2. should have come
3. might not / couldn’t have gone
4. must / might / could have left
5. shouldn’t / needn’t have got
7 1. could read 4. might become
2. must remember 5. couldn’t have looked
3. shouldn’t have bought 6. must have eaten

Name
Reinforcement 7
Vocabulary
1 1. plug in 4. log into 7. Turn down
2. turn on 5. cut off
3. switch off 6. turn up
2 1. go online 4. highlight part of the text
2. access information 5. make a backup copy
3. click on an icon 6. insert a disc
3 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. b
4 1. c 2. e 3. a 4. d 5. b
5 1. computer-literate 3. laptop 5. headphones
2. user-friendly 4. USB flash drive
6 1. mouse 3. memory
2. virus 4. crash
Grammar
1 1. I’ll lend 3. come 5. leave
2. wouldn’t 4. sent
2 1. a 2. a 3. b
3 1. wore 3. gets 5. won’t find
2. will find 4. didn’t have 6. won
4 1. b 2. a 3. a
5 1. e 2. f 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. d
6 1. would have visited, it had been
2. reaches, will freeze
3. had, would be able to work / could work / would work
4. will miss, hurry
5. hadn’t been, wouldn’t have had
6. wouldn’t be, didn’t let him borrow / didn’t lend him
Reinforcement 8
Vocabulary
1 1. soundtracks 4. screened
2. reviewed 5. direct
3. animation 6. cast
2 1. plot 4. costumes
2. subtitles 5. release
3. star 6. musical
3 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. a
4 1. d 2. a 3. e 4. b 5. c
5 1. science fiction 4. main character
2. box-office hit 5. romantic comedies
3. special effects
6 1. based 4. tells
2. played 5. nominated
3. got

Name
7 1. exciting 5. interested
2. thrilled 6. boring
3. amazing 7. amused
4. disappointing
Grammar
1 1. will be awarded 4. was discovered
2. is thought 5. boils
3. were taking away 6. is being checked
2 1. will be announced 3. was killed
2. is being repainted 4. has been offered
3 1. In China, rice is eaten with chopsticks.
2. The school football team hasn’t been beaten this season.
3. The test is being given to the Year 11 students at this moment.
4. Was your house broken into last week?
5. Next week, everything in the shop will be sold / is being sold at half price.
4 1. build 4. is being prepared
2. will be published 5. hasn’t received
3. was given 6. will … be announced
5 1. make 4. were filming
2. hasn’t been seen 5. will be used
3. are being worn 6. was stolen
6 1. had / got … designed
2. has / gets … prepared
3. will have / will get … repaired
4. is having / is getting … taken
Reinforcement 9
Vocabulary
1 1. articles 4. newsflash
2. front page 5. journalist
3. media
2 1. e 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. d
3 1. Headlines 4. current affairs
2. freedom of the press 5. reported the news
3. held a press conference 6. presents programmes
4 1. c 2. e 3. b 4. f 5. d 6. a
5 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. b 5. c
6 1. broadcast worldwide 4. give an interview
2. present the news 5. report the news
3. cover the story
7 1. actor 3. presenter 5. prediction
2. entertainment 4. photographer
Grammar
1 1. would take 3. couldn’t 5. didn’t know
2. had 4. was going
2 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b

Name
3 1. hadn’t broken 6. had called
2. would take 7. would give
3. preferred 8. had been cleaning
4. couldn’t understand 9. was using
5. would have / was having
4 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. a 5. b
5 1. Jimmy announced that he was going to enter a chess contest.
2. The reporter wanted to know whether we had seen anything.
3. The travel agent asked which flight we wanted to take.
4. Ellen argued that she was a better player than me.
5. My headmistress advised me to apply for university.
6 1. inviting / that we invite the neighbours for coffee the next / the following day
2. the children not to walk on the grass
3. why he had to go to the dentist that day
4. that he would never hit Johnny again / never to hit Johnny again
5. that they were watching the news on TV then

Bridges 1 reinforcement

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Similar to Bridges 1 reinforcement

Recently uploaded

Bridges 1 reinforcement