This chapter discusses brickwork materials and construction techniques. Bricks are one of the oldest man-made building materials, dating back over 4000 years. Bricks are typically made from clay but can also contain sand, lime, or cement. Common types of bricks include clay bricks, fly ash bricks and kiln-burnt bricks. Mortar is used to join bricks and consists of cement, sand and water. There are various bonding patterns used in brickwork such as stretcher bond, header bond and Flemish bond. Equipment used includes trowels, jointers, spirit levels and bricklayers' tools. Proper construction techniques such as joint spacing, bonding and laying patterns are important for quality and durable brickwork.

1. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
matika
CMBUk 1³ sMPar³ ................................................................................................................... 4
1> RbePTdæ................................................................................................................. 5
1>1 cMNat;fñak;éndæ............................................................................................. 5
1>2 dæ Adobe and dæeqA ..................................................................................... 5
1>3 dæ Kiln-burned Ldutdæ .............................................................................. 6
1>4 dæl,ayxSac;kMe)ar ........................................................................................ 6
1>5 dæebtug rWdæsuIm:g;t_ ....................................................................................... 7
2> lkçN³énkarerobdæ ............................................................................................... 7
2>1 esckþIepþIm ....................................................................................................... 7
2>2 ry³eBlénkareRbIR)as;.................................................................................. 7
2>3 BN’éndæ ........................................................................................................ 8
2>4 lkçN³BiessénépÞ¬dæ¦ .............................................................................. 8
2>5 PaBFn;énkMlaMgsgát; ...................................................................................... 9
2>6 PaBTn;énkMlaMgkat;sgát;TTwg¬kMlaMgpþac;¦ ................................................ 9
2>7 sMr:UbTwk nigemKuNRsUbTwktMbUg.................................................................... 9
2>8 kMriténkarRsUbTwktMbUg ................................................................................... 10
2>9 PaBFn;énsMNwk .............................................................................................. 10
3> )ayGr ...................................................................................................................... 11
3>1 FatupSMén)ayGr (Motar ingrediants) ............................................................. 11
3>2 lkçN³én)ayGr (Properties of Material) ..................................................... 12
CMBUk 2³ Rbdab;RbdaeRbIR)as; nig eRKOgbrikçar ............................................................. 19
1> Rbdab;eRbIR)as;pÞal;éd .......................................................................................... 20
1>1 søabRBaerobdæ .............................................................................................. 21
1>2 jBaYr.................................................................................................................. 22
1>3 ]bkrN_vas;kMBs; (Levels) ........................................................................... 22
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2. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
1>4 Spacing Rule¬r:gdæ¦ ....................................................................................... 24
1>5 rgVas;Em:RtEdk.................................................................................................. 24
1>6 Bnøak ................................................................................................................ 24
1>7 brikçatMNr nig Rbdab;RbdatMNr.................................................................... 24
1>8 Ekg/ RbGb;TwkexμA nig Rcas ......................................................................... 29
1>9 ExSerobdæ¦ ..................................................................................................... 30
1>10 Line pins, line block and trigs......................................................................... 31
1>11 kareRbIR)as;ké®nþéd (Utility wire cutters) ................................................... 31
2> brikçarerobdæ ............................................................................................................ 33
2>1 reTHruj ............................................................................................................ 33
2>2 Rbdab;Rbdalay)ayGr ................................................................................. 33
2>3 RbGb;lay)ayGr ......................................................................................... 34
2>4 kþaRT)ayGr ..................................................................................................... 34
2>5 kþareRbIR)as;suIm:g;t_muics½r (Cement Mixer) ................................................... 34
CMBUk 3³ kareRCIserIsénkarerobdæ ............................................................................... 35
1> esckþIepþIm ............................................................................................................... 35
1>1 tMNr ................................................................................................................ 36
1>2 tMNr)ayGr)at nig tMNrerobdæ ................................................................ 37
1>3 tMNrbBa©b; ...................................................................................................... 38
2> TItaMgdæ..................................................................................................................... 38
3> KMrUerobdæ.................................................................................................................. 39
3>1 Running Bond ................................................................................................... 39
3>2 KMrUerobdæGaemrickaMg..................................................................................... 40
3>3 Flemish Bond.................................................................................................... 40
3>4 KMrUerobdæGg;eKøs............................................................................................ 40
3>5 KMrUerobdæhULg;............................................................................................... 40
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3. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
3>6 Stack Bond......................................................................................................... 40
3>7 karerobdæbc©úb,nñ ........................................................................................... 40
4> RbePTénkarerobCB¢aMgdæ ....................................................................................... 41
4>1 esckþIepþIm ......................................................................................................... 41
4>2 Composite Vs Non Composite ........................................................................... 42
4>3 karP¢ab;CBa¢aMdæ (Attachment Between Component) ....................................... 43
4>4 r)aMgCBa¢aMdæ CBa¢aMkarBarTwk ........................................................................... 45
4>5 CBa¢aMdætan; ........................................................................................................ 47
4>6 CBa¢aMdæRbehag ................................................................................................ 48
4>7 CBa¢aMdæesIþg ...................................................................................................... 48
CMBUk 4³ karGnuvtþn_ ........................................................................................................... 50
1> karBRgay)ayGr (Morta- laid walk) ................................................................... 51
2> kartMerobdæepIgpáa ................................................................................................ 56
3> karerobdæEsþg Bak;kNþalCBa¢aMg ..................................................................... 61
4> karEfTaMnig CYsCul................................................................................................ 68
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4. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
CMBUk I ³
sMPar³
1> RbePTdæ
sMNg;dæKWsUlItEdlpSMeLIgedayvtßúKμanCIvitCasMPar³EdlrwgrWpSMeLIgedayskmμPaB CatiKImI.
karbegáItdæRbEhlCatan; b¤RbehagminelIsBI 25% énmaDrbs;va. dæRtUv )anbegáIteLIgeday
mankarERbRbYldUcCa BN’/ ragerA/ PaBrelagb¤ eRKIm. fμI² karrkeXIjenA eGsSúIb)anbgðajfa GñkeGsSuIb
buraNFøab;dutdæedaykMedAéf¶ nigLdæsMrab;kEnøg rWpÞHrbs; GPiCn. enA)abILÚEnr Babylonian 4000qñaM
munRKwHskraCRClgnIRKit
TigrisnigTenøGWR)atEuphartesl,ab;d¾Rkas;nigdIdæenAtamTenøenHGaceFVICadæ )anbnÞab;mkk¾køayenACaGri
yFm’ énsMPar³sMNg;. raCvaMgnig R)asaTRtUv)anksagedaydædut edaykMedAéf¶/ CBa¢aMgdæxagmuxeday
dæ kBa©k;dutedayLdæ. RbeTsr:UmaMg(Roman) begáItnUvdæeRcIn RbePT EdlerobCamYy )ayGrPñMePñIg
nigkMe)ar. dærU:m:aMg KWmankMras;Rkas;eTAtamRbePTKMrUCaeRcIn. bnÞab;BIkarFøak;cuH
éncRkPBrU:m:aMgsil,³énkareRbIR)as;dæk¾k¾Føak;cuHeBseBjTVIbGWr:ub rhUtdl;stvtSTI 14 eTIbcab;epþIm
eRbIR)as;eLIgvij.
1>1 cMNat;fñak;éndæ
CaTUeTAeKcat;cMNat;fñak;dæ dUcCadIdæeqAEdleFVIeLIgedaykardut kMedARBHGaTitü éndIdærWdI
Edldut kñúgLdæEdlpSMeLIgedaydIdæ rWRsTab;fμPaCn_EdleFVIeGay dægaydut ehIy rwgl¥.
karlayl,ay kMe)arxSac;/ énxSac;nigkMe)areGaynwgeRkamsMBaFcMhaynigkMedAeGay eTAl,ayEtmYyKW
suIm:gB½rEln (Portland Cement) .
1>2 dæeqA
dædutkMedARBHGaTitüedayl,aydIxSac;RtUv)anrkeXIjenAnirtI énshrdæGaemriceday kulsm<½n§
NÐaehIyRtUv)aneRbIR)as;CaeRcInstvtSmkehIy. dæeqARtUv)aneKenAEteRbIkñúg tMbn;
Bak;kNþalesaHkeRkaHenH EdlCaKuNsm,tþiénkarBarkMedAd¾l¥. dæenAsm½yTMenIbKW pSMeLIg
sUluysüúgénGMbilminelIsBI20 % dænigl,aydæ. dæenHRtUvbegáIteLIgedaydIlayCamYy sarFatu
ekAs‘UedIm,Ipþl;nUv tMrUvkar énPaBFn;rbs;sMrUbTwk. TMhMrbs;dæeqACaTUeTAKW (76-152) mnkMBs;/ (202-
203) TTwg nig (305-457) mn beNþay. dæCaFmμta RtUv)aneKkMNt;sMrab; sagsg;RtwmEtpÞHKW
GaKarmYyCan;. sMrab;ebtugRKwHkarerobdæ eqA RtUv)aneKBRgIkTMhM eGayFM CagTMhMxagelI 152
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5. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
m>mdæeqARtUverobCamYy)ayGrBiessrbs;va. cMeBaHPaBFn;Fmμta énCBa¢aMglayCamYysarFatu
ekAs‘UedIm,IFn;nwgTwk/ CBa¢aMg/ tMbl erobedaydæeqAkarBar CMrabTwk.
U
1>3Ldutdæ
dæsMNg;CaeRcInbegáItedayFmμCatiénxSac;/ dIdærW RsTab;fμPasn_dIdæKWpSMeLIgeday suIlIkat rW
GaluymIj:ÚmehIynig PaKryd¾tictYcpgEdrénEr: dæepSgeTot/ CamYyPaKryd¾FM énehVóls<ar (Feld
Spar) nigEdkGuksuIteFVIGaydæERbB’NCas ¬B’NRKIsUm:ug¦/ CaRkhmrWetñatPaKeRcIn. dIdæman PaKry
CaeRcInén kalsüÜmkabU:NatduteGayeTACaB’NelOg. RsTab;fμPaCn_KW CaRsePTdIdæ EdlGacrlay
nigkkeRkam sMBaFxøÜnrbs;va minenAkñúgTwk begáItCadIrW FUliEdleKeRbIR)as;enAkñúgplitpldIdækñúgeragcRk.
1>4 dæxSac;kMe)ar
dæxSac;kMe)arman B’NRbepHepøkeLIgdutdIdækMe)ars¶ÜtehIy sgát;/kñúgkarbegáItkMe)ardUlUEm:j
Dolomite rWkMe)ar EdlmanCatikal;süÚmxøaMg layCamYyxSac;Edllags¥at RKaMTukCaeRcInem:ageTIbyk
eTAsgát;kñúgbMBg; cMhaysgát;minplitnigeRbIR)as; dæEdlrwgl¥. Rebobrbbénkarplit nigkar eRbIR)as;
dæxSac;kMe)ar KWRbhak;RbEhleTAnwgkardutdæ dIdæEdr.
1>5 dæebtug
dæsuIm:gt_KWeFVIeLIgeday suIm:g;t_ B½rELn nig fμebtug. sMPar³TaMgenHlaycUlKñacak;kñúgBum<Edl
manTMhMb:un²KñadUcCakardutdæEdr. dæsIm:g;RtUvEfTaMTwk rWk¾sMgYtebtugehIydæGacCaB’NeRcIn/ relagenA
tamEdlGñkbegáIt.
2> lkçN³rbs;karerobdæ
2>1 esckþIepþIm
ral;KuNPaBén dæpSMeLIyRbePTsMPar³nig dMeNIrkarpliténeragcRk. GñkeRbIR)as;PaKeRcInKiteTA
dl;eBl evlaénkareRbIR)as;/ esaP½NÑPaB nigKuNPaBsMNg;.
2>2 ry³eBlénkareRbIR)as;
ry³eBlénkareRbIR)as;KWCa lT§PaBFn;énkarRbYlERblkçx½NÐGakasFatu. PaBkknig minkkrwgén
GgÁFatu eKarBeTAtamGakasFatu. ry³eBlénkareRbIR)as;KW lT§PaBénkareTIbnwgcab;epþImrlay nig
ry³eBltMbUg bMEbkPaKrwgxøH². edayehtufa PaBFn;énkMlaMgsgát;nig karRsUbTwkKWCakarTsTay
éneBlevla. ebIsinCaemKuNkMlaMgsgát;minGacrk)an karBiesaFn_PaBkk nig minkkrwgén GgÁFatu
RbEhlCaeKCMnYskarTsSTayénry³eBl.
karBiesaFn_PaBkk nigminkkénGgÁFatusuIkøÚnKW eKykPaKxøHéndæeGaykk nigminkkrwgenA kñúgTwk.
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6. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
2>3 B’N
dæmanBN’nig TMrg;CaeRcInRbePT/ B’NvaGaRs½yeTAnwgbnSMFatuKImIrbs;va/ sItuNðPaBénkardut
nigviFIRtYtBinitüénkardut. cMeBaHGgÁFatudUcKña nigeragcRkEtmYy PaBRkem:AéndæGaRs½yeTAelI sItuNðPaB
eLIgx<s;/ PaBRsUb Twk/ karekIneLIgPaBFn;kMlaMgsgát;. sMPar³EdleKrkeXIjCaTUeTAKW dæ/
EdkKWmanT§iBleTABN’EdlCa lkçN³FmμCatiénBN’. dIdæmanEpñkxøHCatiEdk enAeBlRtUvkMedA
vaeLIgRkhmenHbBa¢ak;fa vamanEdlGuksuIt. enAeBl EdleKdutbnßymkbriyakasFmμta EdkGuksuI
rWdænwgkøayeTABN’sVay. dæEdlBnøWepøk² KWCabec©keTsénkarbþÚrBN’ énépÞdækarbnßyénGuksSúIEhSn
KWCasMEdgénB’N rWragenAéndævamankarERbRbYlCaeRcInRbePTenAtamRbePTdæ.
2>4 lkçN³BiessénépÞ
lkçN³BiessénépÞman 3RbePT³ épÞrelagRsTab;kBa©k; épÞqøúHrelag épÞqøúHeRKIm. RsTab;nig
RsTab;kBa©k; KWeRbIsMrab;bþÚrBN’ RsTab;Cajwkjab; emIleTArelagnigminsUvPøW/ RsTab;manépÞrab esμInig
GacqøúHcaMg. RsTab;fñaM nig RsTab;kBa©k;RbEhlCaminCab;maM enAeBleRbICamYydIdæ RsTab;fñaMKWCa RbEhl
Caqab;eRcH. kBa©k;nigRsTab;fñaM xøHRbEhl CaCYysMrYlénkarRsUbsMeNIménépÞdæ.
2>5 PaBFn;énkMlaMgsgát;
PaBFn;énkMlaMgsgát;rbs; dæeKrkeXIj enAeBlEdlPaBFn;GtibrmaénkMlaMgsgát; Rtg;ekIneLIg
bnþicmþg>>>. PaBFn; énkMlaMgsgþg;éndæKNnatamrUbmnþ ³
C= W/A
C= PaBFn;énkMlaMgsgát;rbs;sMNak
W= bnÞúkGtibrmacg¥úlelImasuInBiesaFn_
A= épÞmFüménépÞelI nigépÞeRkamrbs;sMNakBiesaFn_
2>6 PaBTn;énkMlaMgkat;TTwg ¬kMlaMgpþac;¦
PaBFn;énkMlaMgsgát;eKrk)anenAeBlEdl PaBFn;énkMlagsgát;enAelIdæ EdlmanTMr cugsgxag.
enHCaPaBFn;énkMlaMgkac;. tMélénPaBFn;kMlaMgkat;TTwgeKehafa kMlaMgpþac;.
2>7 sMr:UbTwknigemKuNRsUbTwk
karRsUbTwkéndæGacrk)anedayPaKry énm:asTwkEdlRsUbedaym:ass¶Üténdæ.
PaKryénsMrUbKW = 100 (Ws-Wd)/ Wd
Edl Wd= m:ass¶ÜténsMNakBiesaFn_
Ws= m:assMeNImbnÞab;BIRtaMgkñúgTwk
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2>8 kMriténkarRsUbTwktMbUg
rn§ejIstUcénkardutdæeFVIeGaymankarRsUbTwk enHKWCakarRsUbtMbUgdæ.
karRsUbk¾CaPaBFn;bnþicbnþÜcrbs; dæb:uEnþvamansar³sMxan;énkarbnSúI )ayGr nig dæenAeBl eyIg
erobdæ. karBiesaFn_bgðajfa PaBFn;Gtibrmaénkarerobdæ nig karRCabTwkénkarerobdæTTYl )anenAeBl
Edl sMr:Ubrbs;dæminelIs 30 g/ min – 194 cm KYrEtepSImdæmuxerobdæ.
2
2>9 PaBFn;énsMNwk
PaBFn;énsMNwkrbs;dæKW GaRs½yeTAelIkardut nigFmμCaténGgÁFatupSM. kMriténPaBFn;sMNwk
ERbRbYleTAtaménkardutdæminl¥ nigkarq¥inl¥dUcEkv nig kardutdIdæq¥inl¥.
eTaHCay:agNak¾edaymanEtdæRkaleT EdlRtUvkarvas;énsMNwk. PaBFnénsMnwk KW TsSTay
eTAtamGIundwc index sMNwk EdlKNnaeday³
GuIndicsMNwk = ¬100 x karRsUbTwkRtCak;¦ / PaBFn;kMlaMgsgát;
GuIndwcsMNwkcuHenAeBlEdlPaBFn;sMNwkekIneLIg.
3> )ayGr
)ayGrnigkav KWCaPJak;garénkarerobdæ eTACaCBa¢aMgdæBIeRBaHebtug )ayGr nikavKWmanlkçN³
RKwHdUcKña GñksMNgxøH)ansegçbfa ebIsinCamankarBiesaFn_elI)ayGr k¾dUcCasMNg;mankarBiesaFn_eli
ebtugEdr tamkarBitsmamaRt3epSgKña kareFVIkarminpøas;bþÚr/ viFIpøas;bþÚr
nigkarsMEdgPaBbnSIúénsMNg;. )ayGrKW eFVIkarcab;KñabnSIú rYmKñaCamYydæ
cMENkÉebtugFmμtavaEtgeFVIkarCamYyFatupSM rbs;va tYnaTIsMxan;énebtug KWrgnUv PaBFn;énkMlagsgát;
cMENkÉtYnaTI )ayGrnig kaverob eTAnigCBaa¢Mg pleFob TwknigsuIm:gt_. edayehtupljenHehIy
tMrUvkarsMxan;rbs;ebtug nig)ayGr rW kaverobdæmankarxusKña.
3>1 FatupSMén)ayGr
CaeKalkarN_)ayGr pSMeLIgeday suIm:gt_Br½ELn kMe)ar nig Twk/ sMPar³ nImYy²
naMmknUvlkçN³BiesspÞal;edIm,IbegáItCa)ayGr. suIm:gBr½Elnpþl;nUvry³eBlénkareRbIR)as; PaBFn;
Gtibrma tMbUg nigPaBFnénkMlaMgsgát;kMe)arnaMmknuvPaB rwg/ TwkrkSanUvPaByWt TaMgenH)ancUlrYm cMENk
begáIteGaymanPaBFn;én)ayGr xSac; )anbegáIteGayPaBFn; Twkk¾CaktþabegáIteGaymanCatipÞasÞic nig
eGaymanCMrab.
suIm:gt_ B½rELn
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8. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
suIum:gt_BrEln KWsuIm:g;GuIRdUlIt ¬suIm:gt_rwgkñúgTwk¦ EdlmanlkçN³RKwHsMrab;)ayGr. eyageTAtam
ASTM C150 mansuIm:g;t_ 3RbePT.
RbePT1³ sMrab;eRbITUeTA ehIyeBlEdllkçN³Biess RbePTTI2 mintMrUvkar
RbePT 2³ eRbIenAeBlEdleKcg;)an PaBFn;s‘ulpatlμm rWvamankarbeBa©jkMedAlμmkñúgTwk.
RbePT 3³ eRbIenAeBlEdleKcg;)anPaBFn;xøaMgtMbUg.
edaysar suIm:gt_rwgkñúgTwk plitedayemSA: kør KW/ kal;süÚmkab:unNat/ kal;süÚms‘ulpatEdlbnßy
T§iBlénPaBbnSúIrvag)ayGrnig dæ rWEdk dUcenHkareRbIsuIm:gt_ B½rELnRbePT (IA, IIA, or IIIA)
minelIkyksikSaeT kñúg)ayGrerobdæ. PaBFn;GnuBaØati énkarerobdæKW GaRs½yenAelIlT§plBiesaFn_
edayman)ayGrsuIm:gt_ B½rELnmanCatikMe)ar. dUecñHkareRbIsuIm:gt_layenH sMrab;kareobdæRtUveFVI
karBiesaFn_Camun. dUcCasuIm:gt_ B½rElnFmμta KWKμanPaBbnSúIkñúgkarerobdæeT.
kMe)arGuIRdat
kMe)arGuIRdat KWCaem:SA EdleKEfmTwkelIkMe)ar nigkal;süÚmGuksuIt Ca(OH) kMe)arGuIRdat eyIgGac
2
eRbIvaPøamsMrab;karerobdæman 4RbePT S, SA, N nig NA edaysarGuIRdatGuksuIEhSnnigPaBpøasÞIkGacRtYt
Binitü)anRbePT N or NA rWkMe)ard¾éTeTotKW manEtRbePT kMe)arGuIRdat S eTEdlykmkeFVI)ayGreobdæ.
suIm:gt_erobdæ
suIm:gt_erobdæeFVIeGaykan;EtgayRsYlkñgkareRbIR)as;nigmanPaBrwgmaM)anl¥.suIm:gt_erobdæB½rELn
ú
k¾manpgEdrnUvkav rW )ayGrm:t;xagkñúg.
fμ)ayGr³
TaMgfμFmμCati fμplitBIeragcRtUv)aneRbIR)as; b:uEnþmanEtfμm:t;eT EdleKeRbICamYy)ayGr.
kareFVIEckcMNat;fñak;fμ mankargaryRsYlkñúgkareRbIR)as;rW k¾EfmeGaykan;Etm:t;rWRbePTxSac;. manEtxSac;
m:t;ehIy lags¥atEdlmaneR bICaTUeTAén)ayGrerobdæ.
Twk
ebITwks¥at Gacpwk)an KμanCatiGsuId Gal;kaLaMg rWsrIragÁGal;kanic
TwkenHGaceRbICamYy )ayGrerobdæ)an.
Gat;muiceQI³ (Admixture)
man Admixture eRcInRbePTNas;edIm,IlayCamYy)ayGr Admixture eRcInRbePTNas; edIm,Ilay
CamYy)ayGr Admixture eRbIedIm,Ipþl;)ayGr begáInPaBrwgmaM bnßyCMrabTwk begáInkarEfrTaMedaysMPar³
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9. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
Fmμta. kareRbIR)as; Admixture RtUvmankarRbugRby½tñx<s; eKminGacyk Admixture manCatikøreRbIeT
vaGaceFVIeGaymaneRcHEdk.
Admixture EG‘rGg;Rta nig Air-Entraining rWsarFatusuIm:gt_ k¾ Air-entraining minKYreRbICamYy)ayGr
eT eRBaHvabnßyPaBbnSúIeGaykan;EtyUr. cMENkÉk Admixture d¾éTeTotdUCCa Gu‘ksuItB’NénsarFatuEr:Gac
eRbI)aneTAtamkarkMNt;m:asrbs;va.
3>2 lkçN³én)ayGr (Properties of Material)
eKEbgEcklkçN³én)ayGrCaBIrRbePTKW )ayGr)øasÞIcnig )ayGrrwg. kareRbIR)as;)ayGr)øasÞIc
nig )ayGrrwg. eKeRbIR)as;)ayGr)øasIÞceRcInCag )ayGrrwgkñúgkarsagsg;. lkçN³én)ayGr)øasÞic KWeFVI
kar)anl¥/ )ayGr RsUbTwk/ lkçN³én)ayGrrwgeKeRcIneRbIenAeBlRsTab;bBa©b; nigkarerobdæ PaBFn;én
karbnSúI ry³eBl PaBFn;énkMlaMg sgát;nig lkçN³d¾éTeTot. lkçN³én)ayGr)øasÞic nig)ayGrrwgKW
GaRs½yeTAnwgFatupSM nigkarlayrbs;va.
kareFVIkarrbs;)ayGr
)ayGrk¾GaceFVIkare)anEdr ebIsinCaeK)acvaedaykMlaMg rWeRbICamYyépÞbBaÄrk¾eday. karRsUbTwk/ PaBFn;
énlMhUr)ayGr vamanT§iBlKWGaRs½yeTAelIkarlaysBV rWminsBV dUcenHehIy)anCamankarlM)akrkPaB
TMnak;TMngKña/ kar):an;sμan PaBrwgmaMrbs;)ayGr. cMeBaHCagkMe)arEdlmanbTBiesaFn_ Kat;GacsnñidæanPaB
rwgmaMgrbs;)ayGredayKμankarBiesaFn_edIm,IeGay)ayGreFVIkar)anl¥.
karhUrnigkarebomTwkrbs;)ayGr
karBiesaFn_)ayGrd¾samBaØsBVéf¶enH KWcak;)ayGreTAkñúgkMNat;ekanenAtu
ehIyeKyk ]brkN_emkanicykTMlak; 25 dg kñúgry³eBl15
vinaTImk)ayGrekInGgát;p©iténBum<sMNakKMrU pleFob énekInGgát;p©itekIn 100 m>m bBa¢ak;edayPaKry.
lT§PaBénPaBFn;rW )at;bg;karRsUbTwkén)ayGr erobdæKW cg¥úlbgðajBIsMrU:bTwkén)ayGr.
karvas;PaBhUrén)ayGrenAkñúg suBaØkaskñúg1 naTIvanwgeFVIeGay kar)at;bg; TwkxøHBI)ayGr
bnÞab;mkeKyk)ayGrenHeFVIBiesaFn_mþgeTot. tMélBiesaFn_énCMrabTwk eFobenAnwg karRsUbTwktMbUg
bBa¢ak;CaPaKry. enHCaviFIBiesaFn_BIry:agEdl Gacrk
CMrabTwkrbs;)ayGr. )ayGrEdlmanCMrabTwkticvanwgbegáIteGaysMeNImeBlEdlRsTab;)ayGresþIgrvag
)ayGr nigkarerobdæ. cMeBaH)ayGrEdlmansMeNImeRcIn GacbegáItépÞ dy
rvay)ayGrnigCBa¢aMgdækñúgl½kx½NÐenHPaBbnSúIrbs; )ayGrmankarfycuH.
lT§plénkarBiesaFn_énlMhUrtMbUgKW 105 enA 115PaKry. b:uEnþCaFmμta)ayGr
Brick Work 9

10. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
kñúgkardæansMNg;manlMhUrtMbUgBI 130 eTA 150 PaKry edIm,ImanPaBgayRsYlkñúgkareFVIkarrbs;Cag.
LÚvenHtMéllMhUrGb,brmaéntMrUvkarBiesaFn_
RtUvkarcat;TukfaCakar)at;bg;TwkeBlerobdæEdlKuNPaB )ayGrenArkSadEdl.
PaBFn;énkMlaMgkac;
PaBFn;énkMlaMgkac;CalkçN³rUbd¾sMxan;mYyénkarerobdæ BIeRBaHmanGefrCaeRcInEdlmanT§iBl
eTAPaBbnSúIkarBiesaFn_mankarlM)ak EbgEckmYy²eGaydac;BIKñaNas; tMélRbhak;RbEhlénFatupSM
nimYy² begáItCalT§plrYmKW PaBbnSúI)ayGr GefrTaMgenHrYmman smasPaBGuksIuEsn¬xül;¦/ karrkSaTwk/
PaBrelagéndæ/ karbwtTwkéndæ ry³eBlTuk)ayGrminTan;eRbI/ sMBaFmuxtMNerobdænig lkçN³d¾éTeTot
RbEvgTaMgEdlbegáit[manPaBFn;énkMlaMgkac;rbs;dæRtUv)aneKBiesaFn_edayT§iBlénsmasPaBxül;
kñúg )ayGr lT§plenH)anbgðajfa PaBbnSúImankarfycuH PaBFn;)at;bg;ekIneLIg
CamYynwgsmasPaBxül; xagelIRbEhl 12 PaKry.
-Ti§BllMhUr)ayGrCaBiesssMrUbTwkéndæ PaBFn;)anekIneLIg ry³eBl):atrW BRgay)ayGrnig
eBlerob dæk¾manT§iBleTAPaBFn;Edr CaBiesseBlEdl)ayGrRsUbTwkBIdæ kñúgkrNIenH)ayGr nig
hUrTwk¬lMhUr¦ kñúgxN³enHeTIlaytMbUgPaBbnSúIrbs;dænig cuHfy edIm,IrkSaPaBbnSuIGtibrma RtUvkarbnßy
eBleGayxøI eRBaH)ayGrminRtUv)aneKeRbIPøam²bnÞab;BIlay EdlsMeNImxøHRtUvhYt edaykarEfmTwk
xøHeTA)ayGrKW bMeBjénkar)at;bg;TwkrMhYt dUcenHehIyPaBFn;énkMlamgsgát;fycuHbnþicmþg² ebIeK
minEfmTwkPaBbnSúI k¾edaycuHebIsinCa minEfmTwk ehtuplenH)anCaeKEfmTwk
-Ti§Blénkarpøas;TI³ karbþÚrTis rWpøas;TIdæ)anpþac;nUvPaBbnSúIPaBrwg.)ayGrnwgmanPaBpøasÞIcRKb;
RKan;CamYynwgdæ minRtUveGayCagbþÚrTItaMgrW pøas;TIdæBIPaBedImeLIy.
-T§iBlénsmamaRt³ ral;Ti§BlxagelIminmanCMenOTaMgGs;eT manTinñn½ybBa¢k;faPaBbnSúIGtibrma
KWpleFobsuIm:g;t_nig kMe)arl¥GaRs½yenAelItMél 1³1 nig 1³1¼4 énlkçN³kMe)ar/ dæmanépÞrelag nig
dæRsUbTwkk¾manpleFobxusKñacMeBaHkMe)arrlaykñúgTwk sMrab;sMrUbTwkéndæKW ticCag 30Rkam kñúg naTI
194cm ¬épÞdæ 194 cm ¦.
2 2
- ry³eBlCab;maM³ lkçN³Cab;maMrbs;)ayGr
KWminGaRs½yelIktþaNakMNt;c,as;las;eTaHbICa )ayGrKμanPaBes<at
rWPaBxül;enaH)ayGrmankarCabmaM)anyUr ehIyvanwgbnßyPaBbnSúInUvlkçN³d¾éTeTot
CaFmμta)ayGrGaceRbIR)as;)anyUr edayKμansmasPaBxül;kñúg)ayGrenaH dUecñaH smasPaBx<s;kñúg)ayG
minRtUv)aneKelIkykniyaykñúgkareRbIR)as;)ayGr)anyUreT.
Brick Work 10

11. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
karlUtnig lMhUr)øasÞic Extensibility and Plastic Flow
karlUtKW CatMélGtibrmamYyeToteTArkPaBFn;pþac;. vaGaclUteRkamkMlaMgTajedayKμaneRbH/
m:UDúlén)aøsÞicKW rgGMeBIbnþKñakMlaMgEdlmanGMeBIelIKña. )ayGrEdlmankMe)areRcInmanm:UDúl)øasÞIkl¥Edl
mankMe)artic. m:UDulpøasÞicmanPaBlUtCamYynwg kMeNagénCBa¢aMgdæ KWmanclnatictYcEdlmanGacemIl
eXIjrn§tMN cMeBaHkaryWtxøaMgenaHpleFobkMe)arsum:g;t_k¾ekIneLIgEdr. lkçN³BiessénkaryWtxøaMgdUcCa
I
sMNg;CamYysMPar³CatiKImI enaHRtUvman)ayGrEdlmankMe)artamtMrUvkar.
karbþÚrmaD³ karbþÚrmaD)ayGrGacekIteLIgeday 4krNIktþaénCatiKImIERbRbYl/ karvileTAmkénPaBesIm nig
s¶Üt suItuNðPaBERbRbYl nig karrYm rWrIkmaDénCatiKImI.
maDmankarERbRbYledaysarkarERbRbYlénCatiKImI nig karEfrTaMsMeNImGaRs½yeTAelIsmamaRt
énlay)ayGr brimaNTwk lkçx½NÐénkarEfTaM. )ayGrEdlEfrTaMCamYykarerobsMr:UbTwk. karekIneLIg
énbrimaNTwkvaCaehtueFVIeGaymanPaBrYj kñúgry³eBlEfrTaM)ayGr maDEdlERbRbYlKWminkat;bnßyPaB
Fn;rWry³eBlénCBa¢aMdæeLIy. karERbRbYlmaDedaykMedA eFVIeGaymanrIk rWrYjCBa¢aMgdæ. Tinñn½y)anbBa¢ak;
favakarmankarERbRbYlmaDedaykMedArvagdæ nig)ayGrBuMsUvmansar³sMxan;eT.
Brick Work 11

12. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
CMBUk 2³
Rbdab;eRbIR)as; nig eRKOgbrikçar
Brick Work 12

13. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
1> Rbdab;RbdaeRbIpÞal;éd
EpñkTI1 énCMBUkenHKW bBa¢IRbdab;RbdaRKwHEdltMrUvkarsMrab;karerobdæ rWdæsuIm:g;t_¬bøúk¦ nigbMerIbMras;
rbs;]bkrN_enH. eK)ayerobcMtamlMdab;TUeTAénkareRbIR)as; nig tYnaTIrbs;]bkrN_
dUcEdlGñkeXIj ]bkrN_xøHmancugmut cugRsYc dUecñHehIy)anCaesñIeGaymansuvtßiPaB nig
karGnuvtþn_rbs;]bkrN_.
EpñkTI2 énCMBUkenHsMedAenAelI]bkrN_erobdæ. bBa¢I]bkrN_vasUvmaneRcIneT ]bkrN_Biess²xøH
RtUvCYleKdUcCa EdkrnÞa sVan rNa EdleRbIkgkarerobdæ. eyIgRtUvcaMBakücas;mYyeBalfa
ñu
¬Gñkman ]bkrN_eBlGñkTij¦ eyIgcab;epþImBIsþaMCamYysaxarbs;]bkrN_³
Brick Work 13

14. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB2>1 KMrU]bkrN_eRbIR)as;pÞal;édCakMe)armñak;
RKb;]bkrN_erobdæ caM)ac;RtUvsMGat CuteGays¶ÜtbnÞab;BIkareRbIR)as;va eRBaH)ayGrGackk elI]bkrN_
rbs;eyIg. )ayGrxøHCab;elI]bkrN_bNþaleGaymankareRcH rWRblak;vabegáIt[mankarrMxaneRbIR)as;
CamYy)ayGr vamineFVIeGay)ayGrmanépÞrabesμIl¥. ebI]bkrN_enHminGacduHlag rWxat;sMGateTenaH vanwg
RtUveKbþÚrfμI.
1>1 søabRBa)ayGr
Pointing Trowel = søabRBaRsYc
Brick Trowel= søabRBa erobdæ
rUbPaB 2>2 søabRBaerobdæ
søabRBa)ayGreRbIsMrab;kat;dæ dYs)ayGr EdlCa]bkrN_sMxan;énCagkMe)ar. mansøabRBaBIrRbePT TaMg
BIenHeFVIeLIgTTwgtUcRsYcmuxdUcRCugéneBRC. k,alragRsYcgayRsYleRbIminb:HExSerobdæCaBiessdæesIþg²
Brick Work 14

15. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
søabRBaerobdæeFIVeLIgedayEdkKuNPaBl¥ manEpønig dggayRsYlkan;. enHEpñkmYyén]bkrN_sMNg;
Edlvarwgl¥ vaminxUcrW )ak;EbkeTaHbIeyIgeRbIxøaMgy:agNak¾eday. søabRBaEdlefak KWpSarP¢ab;KñaehIy gay
nwg)ak;. dgsøabRBaeFVIeLIgedayeQI )øasÞIk rWk¾Es,k. dgEs,kRsYlkan; b:uEnþmankarlM)akbnþiceBlEdl
eKaHrW vayben§Ir² elIdæ.
1>2 BaBaYrerobdæ
jBaÜrerobdæ rWdæsuIm:gt_manragFmμtaTUeTA dUceXIjkñúgrUbPaB vamancugmçagragkaer nigcugmçag
eTotdUcBnøakEdlGackat;k,alEdkeKal rWCaBnøakbMEbkbøúk rWdæ rWCa]bkrN_eFVIr:grag V )anenAtamtMNr
erobdæ.
rUbPaB 2>3 jBaYr
1>3 elEv:l Levels
elEv:l KW]bkrN_sMxan;sMrab;CagkMe)ar vaeRbIsMrab;begáItbøg;Edk rWbøg;QrénbnÞat;. edayelEv:l
RsYc niggayEbkkareRbIR)as;vaRtuv)anmankarRbugRby½tñ. elEv:l buraNmanRbEvg 34 GuIn eKGacehAfa
bnÞat;Rbeyalk¾)an.
rUbPaB 2>4 elEv:l
elEv:lGaceFVIBIelah³ rWeQICamYy ni gs‘uMEdk rwgmaMl¥. elEv:leQIEdlmanKuNPaBl¥KWeFVIeday
eQI nig EdklayKña.
Brick Work 15

16. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>5 kaeFVIelEv:l
1>4 bnÞat;mancenøaH (Spacing Rules)
manbnÞat;Tuk cenøaH 3 RbePT EdlmanlkçN³BiessepSg² KñasMrab;erobdæ/ Em:RtTukcenøaHdæ
Em:RtTukcenøaHm:UDulEm:RtTukcenøaHmaRtdæan. Em:RtTukcenøaHdænig Em:RtTukcenøaHm:UDuleRbIsMrab;bøúk rW dæ.
eyIgnwg RtUvkarTaMgBIrsMrab;EbgEckcenøaHtMNrdæénsMNgEdlmandæeRcInRbePT.
rUbPaB 2>6 bnÞat;TukcenøaHnig Em:RtEdlmanmaRtdæan
Brick Work 16

17. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
1>5 Em:RtEdk
Em:RtEdkk¾mansar³sMxan;dUcEm:RtmaRtdæanEdr vagayRsYlkan;vas;bg¥Üc s‘uM énTVarehIyvaGacvas;
tamExSRkv:at;gayRsYl]bkrN_sMxan;² kñúgenaHk¾manEm:RtEdkpgEdr.
1>6 Bnøak rWEdkdab;
rUbPaB 2>7 Bnøak
manBnøakCaeRcInRbePT dUcCaBnøaktUcsMrab;tMrwmCaedIm BnøakeRcInRbePTenHvatMrUvkarkargarrbs;
eyIg. tMbUgBnøakkat;dæ ¬rWkt;bøúk rWdæsuIm:gt_¦ TTwgrbs;BnøakesμI eTATTwgrbs;dæRbEhlRbEvg 90 m>m.
cugmçageKRcugCamuxBnøak cugmçagRtg; ehIymuxBnøakdak;eTAelIdæeBlxøHminsUvesμI rWeBlxøHesμIl¥. tam
rebobenH eKGackat;cugéndæedIm,IbMeBjPaKrytMNrEdleFIVeGayCab; rWCit² Kñas¥at.
BnøatRbePTTIBIr CaBnøakKMrUsMrab;CagkMe)arvamanmuxxusKña.
rUbPaB 2>8 karkat;dæ
1>7]bkrN_tMNr
Brick Work 17

18. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
tMNr ¬dUcEdlelIkmkniyayenAkñúgRbePTjBaYr¦ eKeRbIsMGatmuxtMNr)ayGr. ]bkrN_enH rWkar
eRbIR)as;rbs;va KWRtUvsgát;eGaycMelItMNr ehIyGUseTAtamr:gén)ayGrtMNr. RbePTtMNrbBa©b;KW pSMeLIg
edaydæ epSgKñaeT GaceFVItMNrenaHkan;Ets¥ateLIg CamYyCBa¢aMerobdæ vadUcCaTwkkk rWnMexk GBa©wgEdr.
CaeKalkarN_man]bkrN_tMNrRbePT TImYynig kareBjniymKW]bkrN_tMNre):ag EdlCatMNr
mankarcab;GarmμN_éntMNr)ayGr GñkRtUvmanCMenOfa ¬tMNre)a:g ¦ eBlEdleyIgTij]bkrN_ rWbBa¢aTis rW
GñkTTYl ]bkrN_enHvaGaceRbICamYykarerobCBa¢aMfμ nig GacbegáItCatMNrRKb;² rWGgáaM)an. ]bkrN_d¾éT
eTot eyIgKYrdwgfa vaGaceFVIeGayeyIgcab;GarmμN_én)ayGrtMNr.
rUbPaB 2>9 U-Shaper Sled runner Convex Sled runner Pocket-side convex jointer
Convex Jointer KWmanRbEvgesμI Sledrunner Edr vaGacbegáIttMNrRtg;tamCBa¢aMgedayminxUgeRCA min
eRCAtic rWeRcInmü:ageTotvaTukehae)A:)an.
RbePT Sledrunner gayRsYleRbIehIymanRbsiT§iPaBeTotpgTTwgén]bkrN_GacERbRbYl ehIyCa
TUeTAeKGaceRbIRKb;RCugén]bkrN_énCagkMe)ard¾b:unRbsBV.
RkumsßabükreRbIEt]bkrN_tMNr Sledrunner EdlkareRbIrbs;vaRtg;esμIEpñkxageRkAéntMNr)ayGr.
]bkrN_tMNrTIBIr dUcEdleyIgsÁal;ehIyKW V-Jointer vak¾GaceGayerogTMrg; Sledrunner ¬e):ag¦ KW
eragdak;GkSr V bBa¢ak;éntMNr)ayGr. tMNrRbePTenHeBjniymNas;CamYynigkarKRKat rWrYjkNþaj;
EdlemIlBIeRkAeTAhak;dUceRcH nig EpñkxøHxUvcUlkñg. vak¾CakarcUlcitþcMeBaHdMNéndæebtugt_.
ú
Brick Work 18

19. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>10 Sledrunner Jointer working
]bkrN_tMNrTI3 KW Grapeving jointer ]bkrN_enHvamanPaBKeRKIm rWRKab;tUc² rWGgáMEdkenAkNþal
EdlbegáItbnÞat;r:géntMNr)ayGr.
rUbPaB 2>11 ]bkrN_ Grapeving Jointer
]bkrN_TI4 vamncugsMEb:t eKehAfa ]bkrN_tMNr Slicker vabegáIteGayépÞerobesμI Slicker man
TTwgERbRbYl.
]bkrN_TI 5 vaGacbegáItépÞtMNrvagrdwbrdub EdlCakarv:as;ecjBImuxtMNrén)ayGr ]bkrN_
Skatewheel mankg;BIrnig édsMrab;kac;CamYybNþrEdkeKalEdlr:as;)ayGrecjBImuxtMNr.
Ú
Brick Work 19

20. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>12 Flate Slicker Jointer
rUbPaB 2>13 Skatewheel Jointer Rater
18> Ekg/ RbGb;TwkexμA nig GMe)as
Ekgs‘uMKW CakarRtUveRcInbMputénEkg
rUbPaB 2>14 Ekgs‘uM
RbGb;TwkexμAvacaM)ac;Nas; sMrab;RtaesExSbnÞat;énCBa¢aMerobdæ. cMeBaHkargarxøHeKeRbITwkexμA BN’exov
b:uEnþsMrab;kagarsagsg;visVkmμvijeKeRbITwkexμAB’NRkhm.
rUbPaB2>15 RbGb;TwkexμA
bnÞab;BIeFVItMNrehIys¶Ütlμm eyIgcaM)ac;e)assMGatvaeday GMe)as rWCk;
Brick Work 20

21. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>16 Ck;
1>9 ExSerobdæ
RbePTExSEtmYyKt;KYrykmkeRbIKW ExSnILúg ¬dUcbgðajkñúgrUbxageRkam¦. ExSnILúgva minyWtrW ya
xøaMgeBk rW minGacdac;edaysarsMeNIm rWkMedAéf¶. ExSnILúgvaCab;l¥ GacTajy:agyWttictYcEdlCakar
sMxan;sMrab;karEfrrkSakMritkMBs;CBa¢aM)anl¥. ExSnILúgeFVIeLIg karevjRt)aj;cUlKña rWRkgehIymanBN’
CaeRcIn.
rUbPaB 2>17 ExSnILúg
1>10 ExSmanm¢úlxÞas;/ ExSbøúk nig ExSKnøwH
bnÞab;BIerobdæ rWbøúkxag²rWEkg²rYcehIy eyIgRtUvTajeGaytwgBIcugmçageTAcugmçag. ExSGacP¢ab;
edayk,alEdkeKaledaysnÞwgy:agtigCamYym¢úlEdl ruMCuMvij duMbBa©ÚlenAkñúg)ayGreTAcugmçageTot.
Brick Work 21

22. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>18 Line Brock and Block
rUbPaB 2>19 m¢úlxÞas; rW KnøWH
ExSRtas;esTItaMg éneQI )øanic latsn§wgy:agtwgBIcugmçag eTAcugmçag. tambeNþayCBa¢aMEdk
degáóbesþIg GaceKob rkcMNuckNþalénCBa¢aMg)an. degáóbesþIgEdleKehAfaKnøwH rWTwkEdleKmanbþÚrbnþ²
eTAelIlMdab;edIm,Ierobdæ.
maneragcRkpÁt;pÁg;ExSerobdæCaeRcIn ExSm¢úl ExSbøúk nigExSmanKnøwH eFVIkarpSayBaNiC¢kmμ nig
pSBVpSayeQμaHrbs;va.
rUbPaBExSm¢úl
1>11 kareRbIR)as;ké®nþkatExS
ebIsinCaeyIgeRbIlYssMrab;CMnYyénkarerobdæ KWvarwgl¥ ehIyEvg dUcenHeyIgRtUvmanké®nþsMrab;kat;
lYs. CagkMe)arGaCIBEtgEtmanké®nþjenAkñúgRbGb;sMPar³rbs;eK édké®nþTaMgBIrF¶n;sgxag dUcenHkat;ExS
vagayRsYledayRKan;Etsgát;édké®nþbnþicenaHk¾dac;
Brick Work 22

23. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>21 ké®nþkat;lYs
1> ]bkrN_erobdæ
]bkrN_erobdæmankareRbobeFobeTAnwg ]bkrN_pÞal;édkñúgkarerobdæman]bkrN_BiessxøHdUcCa
rNa sVan GaRs½yelI]bkrN_erobdæeFVIkarerobdæ rWbøúkmankargayRsYl.
2>1 reTHruj
eyIgminGacxVH)annUvreTHrujeT manreTHruj Rsal eRbIdUcCareTHEfrsYn reTHmankg;mYyEdlman
lk;tamTIpSar vaeFVieLIgedayb:UlIsÞIELn EdksVItmaMl¥ dUecñHehIyeKeFVIdgeQI nigkg;12 GacrgTMgn;)an
eRcIn. ebIGñkcg;eRbIreTHRbePTNamYy RtUvKiteTAdl;karbnÞúkTMgn;gayRsYlsMGat bnÞab;BIeRbICa)ayGr rW
ebtugt_.
Wheelbarrow= reTHkg;mYy
Round Point Shovel= Eb:lmuxmUl
Spade= cbCIk
Square-brade shovel= Eb:lmuxRCug
Brick Work 23

24. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 2>22 reTHruj nig Eb:lmUl
2>2 ]bkrN_lay)ayGr
kareRbIEb:lBIrRbePTxagelI KWEb:lmuxmUl rWEb:lmuxRCug sMrab;sMGatnigelIk)ayGrdak;reTH. KW
eyIgKYreRbIEb:lmuxRsYcCamYyniwg)ayGr rWPk;vagayRsYl rWrh½sCagvamanRCug BIrénépÞrbs;Eb:lgayRsYl
kñúgkarlay)ayGr.
2>3 RbGb;lay)ayGr
ebIGñkRtUvkarlay)ayGrnig cb GñkRtUvKiteTAdl;RbGb;lay)ayGr vamanTMhMepSg²Kña cMeBaH
RbGb;lay)ayGr vamanTMhMepSg²Kña cMeBaHRbGb;FM mankarlM)akkñúgElgsMGatnig pøas;TI.
rUbPaB2> 23 RbGb;lay)ayGr
2>4 kþarRT)ayGr
CagkMe)areRbIkþarRT)ayGredIm,IelIebok biT bnÞab;BI)ayGrlayehIy. CagkMe)arGaCIbcUlcitþeRbI
kþaebokCakþaRTeRBaHvaGacTuk)ayGreRcInCag.
Brick Work 24

25. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
2>5 kareRbIR)as;sIum:gt_ muIcesIr (Mixer)
eTaHbICamansuIm:gt_ muIcesIr b:EnþvaminCacaM)ac;kñúgkareRbIR)as;eT.
Brick Work 25

26. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
CMBUkTI 3 kareRbIR)as;RbePTerobdæ
Brick Work 26

27. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
1> esckþIepþIm ³ karerobdæKW CalT§plénkardak;bBa©ÚlKñaéndæ/ )ayGr/ kav b¤cMNg.l. EdlCaEpñk
én CBa¢aMgdæ dætMrUvkarxMaP¢ab; eTATMrg;eTAemBRgwgCBa¢aMeQI emCBa¢aMEdk EdlxMcak;eRsHKñaCamYynig
cMNg )ayGr cMNgEdk dUcKña EdlcMeBaHbøúk dæsIm:g;t_ cMeBaHEdkcMNgeKEtgEtykcMNgEdkmkeRbI.
1>1 tMNr
tMNrerobdæmantMNredk tMNrk,aldæ nig tMNkNþal KWbMeBjeday)ayGrtMNrenHRtUvEteBj
eday)ayGreBlerobdæ.
rUbPaB 3>1 tMNr
1>2 tMNredknig tMNrk,aldæ
tMNrerobdæ KWtMNredk nig tMNrk,aldæman25 PaKryénépÞCBa¢aMgdæ. tMNredk
KWbMeBajeday )ayGr. tMNrk,alKW bBaÄrRtUvbMeBjeday)ayGrenAcenøaHdæTaMgBIr. TaMgtMNredk
nigtMNrk,aleFVIkar P¢ab;Kña begáItCaTMhMERbRbYleTAtamCBa¢aMdæehIykkdæ
rWerobdæCamYynwgcenøaHtMNr)ayGr.
1>3 tMNrbBa©b;
tMNrk,al nig tMNredk GacCatMNbBa©b;. edIm,IlMGreGays¥aténtMNrbBa©b;ehIy nig
begáInPaBCab; maM enAépÞCBa¢aMgrvay)ayGr nigdæ. enHCasar³sMxan;énCBa¢aMdæxageRkA
KWCatMNrbBa©b;manTi§BlénPaB Fn;sMeNIménCBa©aMtTaMgGs; sMrab;CBa¢aMxageRkA tMNrxUgxagkñúg tMNrxUg
ragGkSr V rWtMNrTaMg)ayCUrman niymeRcIn tMNrenHvaFn;nwgsItuNðPaB)anl¥ tMNrk¾manTi§Blxag
eRkAénCBa¢aM. CBa¢agxagkñúgkareRCIserIs tMNrKWsMedAeTAelIesaP½NÑPaB eRBaHPaBFn;énsMeNImKμan
T§iBleT. rUbPaB 3-2 bgðajmuxkat;éntMNr CamYykarbnßyénPaBFn;énsMenIm.
rUbPaB 3-2 tMNrbBa©b;
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28. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 3-2 tMNbBa©b;
2>TItaMgdæ
TItaMgd©manTItaMg 6 RbePT kñúgkarerobdæ. The strecter, the header the rowlock, the rowlock
stretch(shiner), the sodier nig the sailor dUcrUbPaB 26/ eTaHCadæmanTMrg;epSgKña dUcCa the Header nig
rowlock KWsMrab;erobTTwg EdlCaesaP½NÑPaBmYyénCBa¢aMgdæ.
rUbPaB 3>3 TItaMgdæ
3> dæKMrU (Pattern)
KMrU Strecher CaKMrUEdleKeBjniymeRbIkñúgkarerobdæKMrU Strecher enAeBlEtmYyGacbegáItKMrU Stack
pgEdr. elIsBIenHeTotedIm,IlMGreKGaclayKMrUCaeRcIncUlKña eTACaKMrUrYmmYy. KMrUeBlxøHTTYl)anenAeBl
EdleRbICamYydærelagEtb:ueNÑaH rWk¾kMlat tNr pÞal;rbs;dæénCBa¢aMgdæ. BN’dæ ni gBN’)ayGrbBa©b;
k¾GacbegáItKMrUdæpgEdr. TMhMéndænig tMNr)ayGrk¾manT§iBlénCBa¢aMxageRkAEdr.
3>1 karerobdæ Running bond
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29. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
karerobdæ Running Bond KWCalkçN³RKWHy:agsamjEdlkarerobenHeKmineRbIdæTMrg; The header
eT EdkcMNgRtUv)aneKeRbIkñúgkarerobernH Running Bond RtUv)aneKerobkEnøgekag nig CBa¢aMgesþIg ehIyCa
jwkjab;dæsuIm:tt_nig kar:UdæeRbICamYydæ The Stretch .
3>2 karerobdæ American Bond
American Bond KWRbEhleTAnwg Running Bond, elIkElgEtRsTab;TI 5 ni gTI6 nig TI 7 KW erobdæ
The Headers TTwgTaMgGs;ehIy enAelICBa¢aMgtRtUvKña. RbvtþixøHénkarerobdæ RsTab;dæ the header RtUv)an
eKerobTTwgTaMgGs; vaCakarsMxan;Nas;EdlrobrebobenH manKMrUl¥ ehIyRtwmRtUv CaTUeTA 3¼4énCBa¢aMgdæ
KWcab;epþImdæ The Strecher Rkv:at;TTwg.
3>3 karerobdæ Flemish Bond
m:üagvijeTot karerobdæ Flemish Bond KWmandæ Strectcher nig Header kñúgRKb;RsTab; Edldæ
Header eRbIEtBak;kNþal. manBIrviFIénkaerobdæ Flemish Bond enAkñúgerob Dutch Corner KWcab;epþIm ¾ én
dæRKb;RsTab;.
enAkñúgrebob English Corner RKb;RsTab;RtUvbBa©b;eday 1¼4 éndæ.
3>4 reboberobdæ English Bond
KMrUénkarerobdæ English Bond RsTab;nImYy² pSMehIydæ header nig Strechere tMNrrvag Strecher
RtUv)anbMeBjbBaÄrTaMgGs;RKb;RsTab; Bak;kNþaldæ header RtUv)aneKeRbI elIkElgEtRsTab;TMrg;.
3>5 reboberobdæ Dutch Bond
KMrUverobdæ Dutch Bond KWmankarERbRbYlBI English Bond BItMNrQrrvag Strecher RKb;RsTab;min
dak;bBaÄreT b:uEnþG½kSéndæ Stretcher RKb;RsTab;RtUvdak;BIelI nigBIeRkam.
3>6 reboberobdæ Stack Bond
KMrUrebobdæ Stack Bond KWRKb;tMNrbBaÄrKWRtYtsuIKña rWRtg;elI KW dæmindak;elIKña. KMrUenHeKerob TMr
EkgEdlrwg enAkñúgCBa¢aMgEdlépÞdæmanTMrg;esμIl¥ b:uEnþRtUvRbugRby½tñnUvPaBbnSúIrbs;va.
3>7 reboberobdæ contemporary Bond
manKMrUerobdæburaNCaeRcInEdlmanlkñN³ lyecjnig ptxUgcUl énCBa©aMgdæ rW k¾TmøúHcugxagkñúg
CBa¢aMg. reboberobdæ Contemporary Bond xøH)anbgðajkñúgrUbPaB 3-5.
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30. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
TÞiBlénlkçN³Biess KWedaysarkarbþÚrBN’dæ PaBrelag éndæ tMNr)ayGrnig kEnøgptxUgcUl
rWly ecjénRsTab;xøH. karéqñRbDit KMrU tMerobdæ rWRkg rWeRTt éndæsuIm:g;t_dUcbgðajkñúgrUbPaB 28 RtUv)an
eKeRbIcMeBaHdæsuIm:gt_.
4>RbePTénkarerobdæCBa¢aMg
4>1 esckþIepþIm
CBa¢aMgdæEdlsmRsbbMput KWGaRs½yelIlkçN³BiessénktþaCaeRcIn KWrab;bBa©ÚlTaMgkareRbIR)as;
sMNg;dUcCa sMrab;mnusSrs;enA sMrab;pÞúksMPar³/ lkçN³GakasFatu sItuNðPaB nig sMeNIm nig sMNg;
RtUvKiteTAdl;bnÞúkmanclna kMlaMgxül; nig kMlMagrBa¢ÜydI. GñkKMeragénsMNg;dæ nigKitdl; karkMNt;
ktþaénPaBFn;TaMgenH. CaTUeTACBa¢aMgdæRbePTsMNg;P¢ab;CamYyrWpSMCamYy nig PaBFn;brisßan. CBa¢aMg
RtUvsMEdgeGayeXIjnUvcMNat;rbs;vafavargnUvT§iBlénsmasFatud¾éT rW k¾minGaRs½yenAsmasd¾éT CBa¢aMg
dæEdlP¢ab;eTAnwgd© Header cMNgEdk cMNgEdklayCamYy)ayGrkNþal. CBa¢aMgdæEdl rgnUvRbB½n§
RblayTwk CBa¢aMgr)aMg ]bsKÁepSg dUecñHenaHRtUvKiteTAdl;Fn;brisßanEtpgEdr.
4>2 CBa¢aMpÁúM nigCBa¢aMgeTal
CBa¢aMgpÁúMKwCaCBa¢aMgrgkMlaMgEtmYyb:ueNÑaH. TMrrwgrW TMrs‘ubCakarcaM)ac;rvagkarpSMbnÞúknigkarEckbnÞúk
CBa¢aMgviF (Wythe) KWmanGMBIdUcCBa¢aMgpÁúMEdr tMNrwgP¢ab;CBa¢aMgmYyenACBa¢aMgmYyedaydæ header rWcMNg
emEdkEdlpSM)ayGrxagkñúg. enAeBlEdlCBa¢aMgpÁúMeFVIGMeBIeTAvijeTAmk PaBFn;nigkMlaMgkat;TTwgGacbBa©Úl
eTAvijeTAmkEdlmanPaBFn;rwgmaM.
CBa¢aMeTalEtgEtcenøaHxül; nigCBa¢aMgdæpÁúMKñaCBa¢aMgeTalP¢ab;KñaedaycMNgEdk. CBa¢aMgviF Wythe
rgGMeBIÉkraCüenAeBlEdlmanbnÞúkeFVIGMeBIelIva kMlaMgeRkAbøg;EbgEckeTAelICBa¢aMgedaykMlaMgkac; rWkMlaMg
ekag. kMlMakñúgbøg;vargPaBFn;pÞal;rbs;va.
4>3 karP¢ab;énCBa¢aMgpÁúM
karP¢ab;CBa¢aMgdæBImYyeTACB¢aMgmYyeTot rWRbB½n§TMrdævacUlrYmKñaedaydæ/ cMNgEdk
rWk¾PaBp©itén )ayGr rWkavnigcMNgEdk ¬rUbPaB 29¦
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31. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB3-6 karP¢ab;CBa¢aMgpÁúM
cMNgdæ
cMNgrbs;CBa¢aMgKWGaRs½y TItaMgERbRbYléndæ Stretchers nigdæ Headers .kñúgkarerobdæ English
Bond mankarqøas;Kña éndæ Headers nig Strecters TTWg beNþay²layKña. karerobdæ Flemish Bond KWman
qøas;KñaTTwgTaMgGs; nigbeNþayTaMgGs;éndæ Headers nig Stretchers Edldæ Stretcher erobtambeNþay
CBa¢aMgehIyrgPaBFn;beNþay enAeBlEdldæ Headers erobTTwgehIyrgkMlaMgkat;TTwgénCBa¢aMg.
kñúgbTdæansMNg;CBa¢aMgdæ RtUvmandæ The Header y:agtic 4° ehIydæenHRtUvbgáb;eTAkñúgCBa¢aMg
y:agtic 75 mm kñúgkarP¢ab;enACBa¢aMgepSgeTot. enHCakarbnSúIrYmKñaéndæ (Headers).
cMNgEdkénkarerobdæ
EdlehAfacMNgKW karpþl;eGayénkarP¢ab;rvagkarerobdæeTAnwg)aténdæ EdlbBa©ÚlbnÞúkkat;Ekg
elIépÞénCBa¢aMgdæ CaTUeTARbBn§½cMNgRtUv ³
1> bgáb;kñúgCBa¢aMgl¥EdlP¢ab;kMNreTAnwg)aTéndæ.
2> RtUvmansrsrBRgwgedIm,IepÞrbnÞúk.
3> RtUvkMNt;eTAtamlkçN³emkanic
4> Fn;nwgPaBeRcH
5> gayRsYltMeLIgnwgeRbIR)as;
eTaHbICamanRbePTcMNgCaeRcInk¾eday RtUveKarBlkçN³TaMgR)aMenH KW cMNgEdkRCYj²/ cMNgExS
lYs/ cMNgEdkkñúgebtug/ nigcMNgEdkkñúgebtugk¾dUcbgðajkñúgrUbPaB3-7 cMNgEdkeRbIR)as;kñúgbøg;epSgKña
Edlpøas;TIenAkñúgRsTab;EtmYy. cMNgenAkñúgebtugEdk KWpSMeLIgedIm,IbegáInPaBFn;nwgepÞrbnÞúk. cMENk
RbB½n§éncMNgerobdæKWeFVIenAtamRsTab;². tMNEdkGgáaj;² EdleRbICamYykarEfrrkSasMeNIménCBa¢aMg
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32. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
RbB½n§TMnb;TwkKWminRtUv)anelIkmksikSaeT. eRBaHfatMNEdkGgáaj;² GacFn;nwgsMeNIm)an ehIynwgminGac
rwgl¥cMeBaHkarepÞrbnÞúkrbs;va.
RKb;cMNgRtUvEtEdkKuNPaBl¥Fn;nwgeRcH/ cMNgénPaBeRcHKYrEteFVIBIEdkrwgl¥ rWRClk;sg½ásI.
rUbPaB 3-7 cMNgEdk
)ayGr nigkav
)ayGr rWkaveFVIsMrab;P¢ab;KñaCamYycMNgEdkkñúgtMNkNþalénCBa¢aMgBIrCan; CamYyKñargGMeBIxab;
P¢ab;Kña. tMNkNþalRtUvbMeBjedaykav vargkMlaMgkat;TTwg)anl¥Cag bMeBjeday)ayGr énPaBFn;sMNg;
tMNkNþalRtUvbMeBjeGayeBj. tMNkNþal)ayG rWkavRtUvEtmancMNgEdkeFVIkarCamYyKña.
4>4 CBa¢aMgr)aMg CBa¢aMgkarBarTwk
RbBn½§énCBa©aMgr)aMg KWtMrUveGaymanPaBkMBg;éntMN)ayGrxageRkAénCBa¢aMgdæ. enAeBlEdlman
TwkePøógRCabCBa¢aMgxageRkAénCBa¢aMdæKWvaBüayamRCabeTACBa¢aMgxagkñúgeTot enAeblEdlTwkRCabdl;tMNr
kNþalmanr)aMgkarBarxagkñúgmin[RCabnþeTot ehIyTwkk¾RCabecjmkeRkAvijdUcrUbPaB 3-8. dUcenHRKwH
enHKWCatMNrkNþalRtUvmanr)agCamYy)ayGr rWkavedIm,ITb;Tl;T§iBlCMrab.
eTaHbICaCBa¢aMgr)aMgminRtUvkarr)aMgEdkRKbmuxtMN KWRtUvmankarbBa¢ak;y:agc,as;las;rbs;lkçN³va
lMGitmankarbBa¢ak;c,as;las;BIkMritsMrab;énPBFn;énTwk. CBa¢aMgmYyCan;eKGaceFVI)ankñúgkrNIBiessrbs;va
CBa¢aMgbnÞHeQICaFmμtaRtUvmankMras;minticCag 100mm bnÞab;mkCBa¢aMgdæxageRkAsMrab;bEnßmkMras;edIm,I
karBarCMrabTwkeTACBa¢aMgkñúg. CBa¢aMgmYyCan;minGackarBarTwk)anl¥dUcCBa¢aMgeRcInCan; rWCBa¢aMgr)aMg b:uEnþRtUv
mankarRbugRby½tñkñúgkarGnuvtþn_. CBa¢aMg (Single-Wythe) Gacsg;eLIgedaydætan; rWRbehagkNþal.
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33. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
rUbPaB 3-8 CBa¢aMgkarBarTwk nigCBa¢aMgr)aMg
CBa¢aMgkarBarTwkmanxül;enAeRkACab;bnÞHr)aMgkarBarTwkedIm,IkarBarCMrabTwkeTAkñúg. enAeBlEdl
TwkePøógRCabBICBa¢aMgxageRkA sMeNImk¾RCabeTAkñúgxül; ehIyk¾hUrRtlb;mkeRkAvijedaysarkarTb;énbnÞH
Edkr)aMg¬dUckñúgrUbPaB 3-8¦.
lkçN³BiessénkarelIkKMerag RtUvlMGitnwgsg;eLIgedaykMritl¥bMputedIm,IkarBarTwk.
4>5 karerobdæCBa¢aMgtan;
CBa¢aMgdætan; KWsg;eLIgedayCBa¢aMmYyCYr rWeRcInCYr. CBa¢aMgdætan;RtUvbMeBjeGay eBjnUvtMNxag
kñúgCBa¢aMgehIy)ayGr rWkav. CBa¢aMgdtan;sg;edaydætan;b¤dßæRbehag b:uEnþdMNreBjeday)ayGr. cMeBaH
CBa¢aMgdæEdlmaneRcInCan;tMNrbs;vaKYrEtbMeBjeday)ayGrrW kavCamYycMNgEdk. CBa¢aMgdætan;man
smasFatudUcCBa¢aMgr)aMgEdk. CBa¢aMgdætan;mansmasFatudUcCBa¢aMgr)aMgEdkEdr/ CBa¢aMgeRcInCan;/ man
cMNgEdk/ CBa¢aMgnUvPaBFn;CRmabTwk)anl¥ CagCBa¢aMgdæmYyCan;.
enHKWedaysarsMeNImminGacRCabTwkBICBa¢aMgxagkñúgeTACBa¢aMgxageRkA)an. CBa¢aMgdætan;KYrEtsg;
CamYyEdkBRgwgdUcCaCBa¢aMgmYyCan;eRbIdæRbehagedaydak;EdkBRgwgmUleTAkñúgRbehagdæ ebIdæerobeRcIn
CYrrW eRcInbøúk eKdak;EdktamCYr rWbøúkenaHedaybMeBjCamYy)ayGr rWkavenAtMNkNþalénCBa¢aMgdæ. CBa¢aMg
dævaxaMKñaeTAvijeTAmkedaysar)ayGr rWkavnigEdkBRgwg ¬rUbPaB 3-7¦. eRBaHfaEdkvamanPaBFn;xøaMg
eTAkMlaMgkac; nigCBa¢aMgdævamanPaBFn;xøaMgeTAelIkMlaMgsgát; dUcenHCBa¢aMgdænigEdkeFVIkarCamYyKñaman
RbsiT§PaB.
4>6 karerobdæCBa¢aMgRbehag
karerobdæCBa¢aMgRbehagmanBIrCYr rWeRcInCYrehIydac;BIKña edaycenøaHRbehag. cenøaHRbehagy:ag
ticbMputmanTTwg (...)mm ehIyCBa¢aMgP¢ab;Kñaeday)ayGr rWcMNgEdr. CBa¢aMgRbehagmanGMeBIrYmKña enAeBl
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34. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
EdleKsg;BIdæb:uEnþvamineFVIkarCamYyKña enAeBlEdleKerobCamYycMNgEdk. RKb;CBa¢aaMgRbehag karBar
CRmabTwk eTaHCaeRbIcMNgEdkk¾eday KWkarBarsMeNIm)anl¥CagCBa¢aMgdæepSgeTot ehIydæ Headers eK
eRbIsMrab;tMNkarBarsMeNIm eKmineRbIcMNgEdkeT.
4>7 CBa¢aMgerobdæesþIg
CBa¢aMgesþIgyufáaénsMNg;manCBa¢aMgxageRkA/ EdlP¢ab;cMNgEdkmçageTot ehIycenøaHkNþal enA
EpñkxageRkayénCBa¢aMgdæKW P¢ab;edays‘uMeQI/ TMBukEdk/ ebtug rWCBa¢aMgdæ ¬dUcrUbPaB 3-10¦ CBa¢aMgdæ
esþIg/ CaBiessKWvasg;eLIgedayP¢ab;TMBYkmçageTotKW mantMélefakeBleyIgEfrTaMva.
rUbPaB 3-10 CBa¢aMgdæEsþg
CBa¢aMgdæRtUvcMNgEdkkat;tamcenøaHxül; ehIyCBa¢aMgenHKWminpþMúKña . CBa¢aMgdæesþIgCaTUeTArgEt
TMgn;rbs;va . RKb;CBa¢aMgyufáa KWRtUvEtmancMNgExSlYsEdk rWTMBYkeQIxageRkay rWcMNgEdkGgáaj;²Edl
P¢ab;eTAeQI b:uEnþcMNgBRgwgedayExSlYsmincaM)ac;eT. karpøas;TIxusKñarvagdænig
TMBYkeQImankarRBYy )armÖcMeBaHsMNg;elIsBI1Can; b:uEnþcMNgExSlYsKYreRbIkñúgkrNIenH.
ral;CBa¢aMgyufáaesþIg KWsMrab;bgðÚrTwk ecj. ehIycenøaHxül;énCBa¢aMgKW 50 mm
elIkElgEtCBa¢aMgesþIgyufáaEdleRbICamYyTMBukeQIminRtUvdak; eGayRtUvTwkePøógeLIy
kMBs;rbs;CBa¢aMgRtUvkMNt;nwgP¢ab;eTAnwgtMbUlCaFmμtaCamYyTMBukeQI. sMrab;CBa¢aMg
esþIgeRbICamYyTMBukeQIeKRtUvkarcenøaHxül;RtwmEt 25 mm .
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35. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
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36. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
CMBUk 4³ karGnuvtþn_
1> karBRgay)ayGr
kñúgkarsagsg;TIFøaedIrd¾tUcmYy eyIgKYrEteFVIkarlay)ayGredayédKW eyIglayrWRcbl;eGaysb;
rvagxSac; nigsuIm:g;k¾munnwgcak;TwkbBa©Úl b:uEnþKYrcaMfa cMNuHénreTHmYyCaTUeTAvaticCag bIRtIKuNhuIt RbEhl
CaeyIgRtUvkar 9dgedIm,I)an1RtIKuNy:at. PaBFn;énkMralx½NÐ KWsMxan;TItaMgénRsTab;sMNaj;EdlpSarkñúg
kMralx½NÐ/ sMNaj;EdkpSarKYrenAkNþalkMralx½NÐ ehIysMNaj;EdkpSarminKYrlyecjrW elceRkayBIcak;
ebtug karbMeBjedaycl½tsMNaj;EdkpSareTAkñúgBak;kNþaldæ rWdæfμPñMrwgEdlehAfa exñayeyIgRtUv):an;
sμanbrimaNebtugEdleyIgRtUvkarcak;eTAkñúgkMralx½NÐ kar):an;sμanenaHeyIgykmaDkñúgkMralx½NÐEckrwg27
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37. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
edIm,Ipøas;eTAbTdæanbBaðaCaRtIKuNy:at. kar)a:n;sμanl¥minRtUvelIs 8°ebImindUcenHeT eKRtUvbþÚrktþaplEck
BI 27 eTA25.
Full brick= dæepþk karbMeBj)ayGrtMNr
Mortar-filled joint=
Rake mortar bed = karqUt)ayGr)at Concrete stab= ebtugkMral
Mortar joint= )ayGrtMN Edge brick= dæxagcug
Embeded reinforcement= Edkbgáb; Welded wire mesh= karbMeBj)ayGrtMNr
Welded wire support= TMrkEBa©gEdkpSar Grave bed= karbMeBj)ayGrtMNr
Undisturbed soil= karminrMxandI
viFIGnuvtþn_
1> vas;BIExScgsn§wgedaybegÁalmankMBs;RtwmRtUvBIr bI cMnucCIkykdIecjeGayesμI.
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38. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
2> ekorfμ bnÞab;BIbgðab;ehIy eGaymankMras; 10cm esμIKña
3>eFVIkþarBum<cak;ebtug eFVIcnÞúlxag² énCBa¢aMgBum<.
4> kl;sMNaj;EdkpSarebtug edaykMNl;EdkpSar rWBak;kNþaldæ/ ¬dUckñúgrUbbgðaj¦.
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39. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
5> lay)ayGredayépÞkñúgenH rWk¾CYleK[layrW TTYlebtugEdllayrYcykmkcak;.
6> dak;dækarBarcugsgxagénkMralx½NÐeCosvagkareRbHEbk
7> eFVIkarRtaeselIépÞerobdæ ehIyerobdæeTAtamKMrUEdleyIgeRCIserIs
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40. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
8> BRgay)ayGrCaRsTab;elIépÞmuxnwgerobdæ ehIyqUt)ayGr
9> dak;dæeTAkñúg)ayGr edayeRbIExSeyIgRtUverobdæeGaysuIEkg nigtMrg;tamExS.
10> edayeRbIkav bMeBjeGayeBjeTAkñúgtMNdæ ehIyeyIgEbgEckTuképÞeGays¥atmuxnwg)aj;kav
bBa©ÚltMNr.
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41. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
11> RtUvbgðab;nigeFVI épÞeGayesμIl¥rvag)ayGrtMNnwgdæedayekor rWqUtelItMNrenaH.
12> sMGat)ayGredaysgát;enAépÞdæ eRbIedaysøabRBa)ayGr.
2> karerobdæepIgpáa
karerobdæepIgpáamanEckTIFøatamEpñkedayELk²BIKña rWbegáItkarBarCuMvijRckcUl. eyIgGacerob
dæFMrW tUc/ ctuekaNEkg/ kaer eRbIdædUcenAkñúgpÞH rWrcnabfepSg². KMeragenHkñúgeKalbMNgeTAtamlkçN³
BiessNamYy cab;epþImBIebtugepIgtag. eTaHCakarelIkKMeragmanEt 5RsTab; ehIynwgfμKMrb vapþl;
RKb;RKan;RsTab;dIelInigpáa EdleyIgGaclMGit)aneBlenH edaytMeLIgdIelInigpáa EdleyIgGaclMGit)an
eBlenH edaytMeLIgRsemaldænig fμKMrbCaeRcInRbePT. RbB½n§Twkl¥CaKnøwHénkarpÁúM enAkñúgepIgpáa )atRtUv
Brick Work 41

42. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
manRbehag. enAkñúgepIgpáaeyIgGacbegáItRbB½n§Twk dUcenHedaytMeLIg bMBg;pøasÞicbgáb;enAkñúgRsTab;)ayG
enARsTab;)aténepIgpáaRtUvRkalfμ CamYyRkNat;cMeraHEdleFVImanRbB½n§Twkkan;Etl¥.
viFIGnuvtþn_
1>KYsbnÞab;eTAelIkMralx½NÐ rWeCIgtagedIm,IkMNt;brimRténepIgpáa.
2> eRbIEkgsu‘MedIm,IKUsmuMEkgenARCugénkMralx½NÐ
Brick Work 42

43. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
3> BRgay)ayGrRsTab;eRkameTAtambnÞab;Edl )anKUsnigdak;)ayGrtamKnøgénbnÞat;eday
søabRBa.
4> erobdæRsTab;TImYyeTAtamExSbnÞab; ehIyeKaHdæeGaymankMBs;dUcKña RtUvtamTItaMgénExSbnÞat;
enAelI)ayGr.
5> tMeLIgbMBg;)øasÞicsMrab;RbB½n§Twkbgáb;kñúg)ayGrenARKb;)ayGrtMN
Brick Work 43

44. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
6> )at)ayGrnwgcugéndæ ehIysgát;)ayGrnwgsøaRBa.
7> tMbUgerobRtg;Ekg ehIyeRbIExS Block and String CaeKaledIm,IRKb;RsTab;.
8> BinitüExSQréndæmþgeTot edIm,IeGayc,as;faRCugénepIgpáa KWRtg;.
Brick Work 44

45. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
9> bnÞab;BIkMBs;énRsTab;nimYyesμIKña RtUvekornwgcugsøabRBatambeNþayéntMNnUv)ayGrEdlsl;.
10> enAeBlEdl)ayGrrwg eyIgKUsnwg]bkrN_ Striking tambeNþayefñresμIl¥ nigbegáIttMN
11> dak;bgáb;)ayGrenAkñúgRsTab;fμKMrb ehIytUcCacg¥ÚrkNþaledaysøabRBa.
Brick Work 45

46. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
12> sgát;elIfμKMrbeTAelI)ayGr ehIyeRbI Level edIm,IR)akdfa vart;CYrKña.
3> karerobdæEsþgBak;kNþalCBa¢aMg
eyIgsagsg;CBa¢aMgesþIg²elIpÞH/ EtminEmnerobdæTaMgGs;et b:uEnþeyIgRtUvRbugRby½tñkrNIsMxan;BIr³
TImYy eyIgRtUvmanTMrEdlRTTMng;dæ RKwHxøHmanTTWgsrsrlμmRTrTMgn;ehIysrsrepÞrTMgn;enARKHnigeCIg
tagEdlRTRTg;TMgn;)anRKb;krNI ehIyGñkcaM)ac;RtUvmantMNrEdkrag L P¢ab;enAnwgRKb;CBa¢aMgerobdæsuIm:g; rW
dæbøúkRbEhl 40 cm RtUvebtugrW s‘umeQIénCBa¢aMgTIBIrRtUvTak;TgeTAnwgkarbRgYménkarKRKat cenøaHCBa¢aMg
esþIgnwgCBa¢aMgpÞH eyIgGacpøÚvRbeyaCn_ ¬edaydak;TuypøasÞikkñúg)ayGr¦ enAkñúg2RsTab;xageRkay. tam
RbB½n§cas; eKeRbIExSbMe)asbBa©ÚlTwktamrn§tUc b:uEnþvaminTUeTAeT.
Brick Work 46

47. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
viFIGnuvtþn_
1> dak;tMNrag L eTAnwgsrsrRKwH ehIyvayEdkeKaleRsamxageRkam ³
2> )at rWebok)ayGrtMbUleTAcugéntMN ehIyRKbRkdasminRCabTwkeTAelIefñr.
Brick Work 47

48. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
3> kwbRkdasminRCabTwkénkareRsabsTab;TI1 dUenHvaRKb)ayGrtMbUlnig tMN.
4> bEnßmRkdasminRCabTwkRsTab;TIBIr sMrab;karBarbEnßmkareRsamnig s‘um.
5> KUskMBs;énbnÞat;elIRkdasminRCabTwk enARKb;4 RsTab;dæmþg.
Brick Work 48

49. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
6> kMNt;sMKal;TItaMgTMBYk edayKUsbnÞat;RKb;RbEvg 40cm mþgtambeNþayénCBa¢aMg.
7> EbgEck 3¼8 inch énbnÞHkþaeGaysm edIm,Idak;)ayGrerobdæRsTab;TI1.
8> dak;BRgay)ayGelIdæénRsTab;TI1 EdleTIberobrYc.
Brick Work 49

50. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
9> dak;)ayGrenAcug rWk,aldæmunnwgerob edayeKarBeTAExSbnÞat;tambeNþayCBa¢aMg.
10>bBa©ÚlbMBg;pøasÞiceTAkñúg)ayGrtMN enARKb;TItaMgdæTI3kñúgRsTab;TI2tMbUg.
11> vayEdkeKaltMNdæenARKb;TIr bI RsTab;mþgedIm,ITb;dæeGayCab;CaCBa¢aMgEtmYy.
Brick Work 50

51. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
12> Bt;EdktMNbgáb;cUleTAkñúg)ayGrtMN kñúgExSerobdæbeNþayCBa¢aMg.
13> BinitüExSRbeyalenARKb;BIr bIRsTab;mþg edIm,IeGayc,as;faCBa¢aMgQrRtwmRtUv.
14> BinitüpgEdr kMBs;edkrbs;dæenARKb;BIr bI RsTab;mþgeTaHbICaeyIgeRbIExSerobdætambeNþayk¾eday.
Brick Work 51

52. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
15> tMeLIgtMNrag L eRkambg¥ÜcedIm,ICYykñúgRCabTwkeTAkñúgCBa¢aMg.
16> eFVIRbeyaledIm,Ikat;dæ Rowlock edIm,Is‘um.
17> BRgayRsTab;)ayGresþIgsMrab;dæ Rowlock bnÞab;mkerobvabeNþayRsTab;x<s;bMput.
Brick Work 52

53. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
18> dak;)ayGrelIépÞéndæ Rowlock ehIyerobvaelIkkMBs;vaRbEhl 5cm .
19> eRbI]bkrN_tMNTaMgGs;munnwgEfTaM)ayGreGayesμIEdlCaehtueFVI[TwkminRCabcUltMN.
20> biTRkEhg rWrn§tUc²éntMNrvagbg¥Ücnig dæehIysMGattamefñréndæ.
Brick Work 53

54. Civil Engineering Department NPIC
4> karEfrkSanig CYsCul
karvaytMélCBa¢aMgdæ KiteTAelIbgÁb;rbs;va eRbHFMEdlCakMhus eTAelIKMeragTaMgGs;BImunehIykar
CYsCulGs;tMéleRcIn. kMhusF¶n;F¶rminedaHRsay)aneBlEdlEpñkxøHmansMrut ehIyEpñkxøHminRsutRKwHnig
CBa¢aMgxagelIGaceRbHedayrgbnÞúkhYs.
sBaØaénRKwHsMNg;manbBað enAeBlEdleRbHtambeNþaytMN ekIteLIgedaysardæ tUc FM rWe)a:g rW
pt tampøÚvedIr eyIgGacBinitüGacekagBi)akCYsCulcMeBaHépÞFM dænig)ayGr.
Brick Work 54