The document appears to be notes from a chemistry class, covering topics like the structure of atoms, chemical formulas and equations, the periodic table of elements, and chemical bonds. It includes sample questions and problems for students to work through related to these topics. For example, there is a question about determining the empirical formula of copper oxide through a laboratory experiment. Overall, the document provides instructional material on basic chemistry concepts.

1. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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BONUS EXITUS CHYMICIS
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NO% TOPICS% PAGE% REMARKS%
1' Structure'of'atoms' 2' '
2' Chemical'formulae'and'equations' 7' '
3' Periodic'Table'of'Elements' 11' '
4' Chemical'Bonds' 13' '
5' Electrochemistry' 15' '
6' Acids'and'Bases' 18' '
7' Salts' 21' '
8' Manufactured'substances'in'the'Industry' 24' '

2. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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STRUCTURE%OF%ATOMS%
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1.'The'table'below'shows'four'substances'and'their'respective'formulae.'
Substance' Chemical%formula'
''''Zinc'sulphate' ''''ZnSO4'
''''Zinc' ''''Zn'
''''Oxygen' ''''O2'
''''Naphthalene' ''''C10H8'
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(a)'(i)' State'one'substance,'which'exists'as'molecules.'
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(ii)' Which'substance'has'the'highest'melting'temperature?'
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(iii)'What'is'the'physical'state'of'zinc'sulphate'at'room'temperature?'
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(iv)'Which'substance'can'conduct'electricity'in'the'solid'state?'
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(v)' Write'the'formula'of'the'ion'formed'for'the'substance'in'(a)(iv).'
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(vi)'Draw'the'arrangement'of'particles'in'zinc.'
'' [1'mark]'
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3. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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2.'(a)'The'table'below'shows'the'melting'points'and'boiling'points'of'four'substances,'E,'F,'G'
and'H.'
' Substance' Melting%point%(˚C)' Boiling%point%(˚C)' Physical%state'
E' _130' 92' ''
F' _130' _71' ''
G' 14' 114' ''
H' 194' 232' ''
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' (i)' Fill'in'the'column'of'physical'state'in'the'table'above'(at'room'temperature).'
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' (ii)' What'type'of'bond'is'present'in'substance'F?'
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' (iii)'Which'of'these'substances'is'a'metal?'
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(b)'The'three'diagrams'below'labeled'as'X,'Y'and'Z.'Show'the'different'physical'states'of'a'
substance.''
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' (i)' Is'the'substance'an'element'or'a'compound?'Give'a'reason'for'your'answer.'
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4. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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3.'The'diagram'below'shows'the'set_up'of'apparatus'used'to'investigate'the'change'of'states'
of'matter'for'liquid'Y.'
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A'colourless'liquid'Y'is'heated'in'an'oil'bath'and'changes'to'a'colourless'gas'at'113˚C.'
(a)' Name'the'process'for'the'change'of'state'of'matter'from'liquid'Y'to'colourless'gas'at'
the'temperature'of'113˚C.'
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(b)' Draw'the'change'in'the'arrangement'of'particles'from'liquid'Y'to'colourless'gas'in'the'
boxes'provided.'
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(c)' Sketch'the'graph'of'temperature'against'time'for'the'heating'of'liquid'Y'on'the'axes'
provided'below.'

5. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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' [2'marks]'
(d)' Predict'what'will'be'observed'on'the'under'surface'of'the'glass'slide.'
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(e)' In'this'experiment,'can'water'be'used'to'replace'the'oil'in'the'beaker?'Explain.'
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' [2'marks]'
(f)' The'melting'point'of'liquid'Y'is'18˚C.'Suggest'how'you'would'freeze'it'in'the'
laboratory.'
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' [1'mark]'
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4.''
'The'table'below'shows'five'atoms'of'elements'labeled'C,'F,'H,'I'and'K.'
Atom' Proton%number' Number%of%electrons' Nucleon%number'
C' 11' 11' 23'
F' 17' 17' 35'
H' 17' 17' 37'
I' 19' 19' 39'
K' 36' 36' 84'
'
Answer'the'following'questions'based'on'the'information'given'in'the'table'by'using'the'
letters'as'symbols'of'the'elements.'
(a)' (i)' Among'the'atoms'C,'F,'H,'I'and'K,'which'are'isotopes?'
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6. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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' (ii)' Give'a'reason'for'your'answer'given'in'(a)(i).'
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' (iii)'Do'the'isotopes'show'the'same'chemical'properties?'Explain'your'answer.'
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(b)' What'is'the'number'of'valence'electrons'for'element'I?'
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(c)' Element'K,and,I'is'both'in'the'same'period'in'the'Periodic'Table.'
' (i)' Which'period'are'they'in?'
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' (ii)' Give'your'reason.'
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(d)' Atom'K'is'very'unreactive'towards'any'chemical.'Why?'
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7. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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CHEMICAL%FORMULAE%AND%EQUATIONS%
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1.''
The'figure'below'shows'the'set_up'of'apparatus'of'an'experiment'to'determine'the'
empirical'formula'of'copper'oxide.'
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Hydrogen'gas'is'passed'through'the'combustion'tube,'which'contains'hot'copper'
oxide.'
(a)' How'is'hydrogen'gas'produced'in'the'laboratory'for'this'experiment?'
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8. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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(b)' Before'copper'oxide'is'heated,'hydrogen'gas'is'allowed'to'pass'through'the'
apparatus'until'all'the'air'in'the'combustion'tube'is'completely'removed.'
' (i)' Why'should'all'the'air'be'removed'before'heating'is'allowed?'
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'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' How'are'you'going'to'ensure'that'all'the'air'had'been'removed?'
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'' [3'marks]'
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(c)' What'is'the'function'of'anhydrous'calcium'chloride'in'the'U_tube?'
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' [1'mark]'
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(d)' Based'on'the'results'of'the'experiment,'it'is'found'that'64.00'g'of'black'copper'
oxide'powder'left'behind'a'residue'of'51.20'g'of'brownish'copper.'Determine'the'
empirical'formula'of'copper'oxide.'
[Molar'mass:'O'='16;'Cu'='64]'
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(e)' From'the'answer'given'in'(d),'write'a'chemical'equation'for'the'reaction'between'
hydrogen'and'copper'oxide.'
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(f)' The'flow'of'hydrogen'gas'is'continued'even'though'the'reaction'is'complete'while'
the'product'is'allowed'to'cool'to'room'temperature.'
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(i)' Give'one'reason'why'this'action'needs'to'be'taken.'
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9. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' Write'the'chemical'equation'for'the'reaction'that'would'take'place'if'the'
action'in'(f)(i).'is'not'taken.'
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'' [1'mark]'
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2.''
The'figure'below'shows'the'structure'formula'of'glucose.'
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[Molar'mass:'H'='1;'C'='12;'O'='16]'
(a)' Calculate'the'relative'molecular'mass'of'glucose.'
' [2'marks]'
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(b)' What'is'the'molecular'formula'and'empirical'formula'of'glucose?'
' [2'marks]'
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(c)' What'is'difference'between'the'molecular'formula'and'empirical'formula'of'
glucose?'
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10. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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' [2'marks]'
(d)' What'is'the'mass'of'glucose'needed'to'prepare'200'cm³'and'0.55'mol'dm_3'of'
glucose'solution?'
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' [2'marks]'
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(e)' Compound'Z'has'the'same'empirical'formula'as'glucose.'The'relative'molecular'
mass'of'Z'is'90.'What'is'the'molecular'formula'of'Z?'
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' [2'marks]'
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3.''
When'0.35'mole'of'a'hydrocarbon,'H,'is'completely'burnt'in'air,'33.6'dm³'of'carbon'
dioxide'is'formed'at'room'temperature'and'pressure.'
(a)' Calculate'the'number'of'molecules'in'0.35'mole'of'hydrocarbon'H.'
[Avogadro'constant'='6.02'×'10²³'mol_1]'
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' [1'mark]'
(b)' Calculate'the'number'of'moles'of'33.6'dm³'of'carbon'dioxide.'
[1'mol'of'gas'occupies'a'volume'of'24'dm3'at'room'temperature'and'pressure]'
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(c)' Calculate'the'volume'of'carbon'dioxide'formed'at'r.t.p.'From'one'mole'of'
hydrocarbon'H.'
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11. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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' [1'mark]'
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(d)' Determine'the'number'of'carbon'atoms'in'one'molecule'of'hydrocarbon'H.'
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(e)' Given'that'hydrocarbon'H'rapidly'decolourised'the'reddish'brown'colour'of'
bromine,'what'is'the'homologous'series'of'hydrocarbon'H.'
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' [1'mark]'
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(f)' Deduce'the'molecular'formula'of'hydrocarbon'H.'
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(g)' Write'down'the'equation'for'the'complete'combustion'of'hydrocarbon,'H.'
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' [2'marks]'
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PERIODIC%TABLE%
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1.''
' The'table'below'shows'some'information'about'noble'gases.'
Name' Symbol' Proton%number' Boiling%point/%˚C'
Helium' He' 2' _269'
Neon' Ne' 10' _246'
Argon' Ar' 18' _186'
Krypton' Kr' 36' _152'
'

12. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 12'
(a)' Write'the'electron'arrangement'of'argon.'
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(b)' Explain'why'the'noble'gases'are'inert.'
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(d)' Give'two'uses'of'helium.'
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2.''
' The'figure'below'shows'some'elements'in'the'Periodic'Table'which'are'represented'by'
Q,'R,'S,'T,'W,'X'and'Y.'
T' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''
'' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''
W' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' R' '' '' '' S' '' ''
Y' '' '' '' '' '' '' Q' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' X' '' '' ''
'' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''
'' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''
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Answer'the'questions'below.'
(a)' Which'element'has'the'smallest'size?'
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(b)' Which'element'is'most'inactive?'
Explain'your'answer.'
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' [2'marks]'

13. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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(c)' (i)' Which'of'the'elements'is'a'metalloid?'
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'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' Write'the'electron'arrangement'for'the'element'in'(c)'(i).'
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'' [1'mark]'
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(d)'
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(i)' Which'element'is'a'transition'metal?'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' State'two'physical'properties'of'this'element.'
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'' [2'marks]'
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(e)' Write'the'chemical'equation'for'the'reaction'of'W'with'water.'
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(f)' Which'element'is'the'most'electropositive'element?'
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%
CHEMICAL%BONDS%
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1.'''Table'below'shows'the'electron'arrangement'of'elements'R,'S,'and'T.''
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Element' Electron'arrangement'
R' 2.7'
S' 2.2'
T' 2.4'
'
'
'TABLE'

14. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 14'
a) Based'on'the'elements'listed'above,'state'two'type'of'compounds'that'can'be'
formed.'
'''''''[2'marks]'
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b) Based'on'your'answers'in'(a),'describe'the'formation'of'both'compounds'
['14'marks]'
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15. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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c) State'2'difference'between'the'2'compounds'
[4'marks]'
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ELECTROCHEMISTRY%
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1.'Diagram'below'shows'the'set_up'of'an'electrolytic'cell.'Beaker'I'contains'a'
components'of'a'simple'chemical'cell'whereas'electrolysis'takes'place'in'Beaker'II.''
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(a)' State'the'changes'in'energy'in'Beaker'I'and'Beaker'II.,,
Beaker'I'

16. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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________________________________________________________________________________________'
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'Beaker'II,
________________________________________________________________________________________''
[2'marks/2'markah]'
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(b)' Which'metal'is'the'negative'terminal'in'Beaker'I?,,
________________________________________________________________________________________''
[1'mark/1'markah]'
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(c)'
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(i)'State'the'process'occurred'in'the'copper'electrode'in'Beaker'I.''
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[1'mark/1'markah]'
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(ii)'What'would'you'observe'at'the'silver'electrode'in'Beaker'I?,,
,
_____________________________________________________________________________________''
[1'mark/1'markah]'
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(d)' Write'equations'for'reactions,'which'occurred'at'anode'and'cathode'in'Beaker'
II.,,
Anode:,
________________________________________________________________________________________''
[1'mark/1'markah]'
Cathode:,
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[1'mark/1'markah]''
(e)' (i)' What'happens'to'the'voltmeter'reading'when'the'magnesium'electrode'in'
Beaker'I'is'replace'with'zinc'electrode?'
,_____________________________________________________________________________________''
[1'mark/1'markah]''
(ii)' Explain'your'reasons'in'(e)'(i).,,

17. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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,
_____________________________________________________________________________________''
[2'marks/2'markah]'
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2.
.'
Diagram'below'shows'the'arrangement'of'apparatus'for'performing'electrolysis'of'a'
concentrated'solution'of'a'salt'of'sodium.''
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Diagram'
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(a)'(i)'Name'the'yellowish_green'gas'released'at'the'anode.''
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[1'mark]'
(ii)'Give'a'confirmatory'test'for'the'gas'which'you'have'stated'in'(a)'i.''
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[1'mark]'
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(b)'(i)' Name'the'colourless'gas,'which'is'released'at'the'cathode.''
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[1'mark]'

18. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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(ii)' Write'a'half'equation'for'the'reaction,'which'occurs'at'the'cathode.''
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[1'mark]'
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(c)'(i)' Name'the'solution'of'the'sodium'salt,'which'is'used.''
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[1'mark]'
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(ii)' Write'the'formulae'of'the'ions'which'are'present'in'the'solution'named'in'
(c)'i.''
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[1'mark]'
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(d)'(i)' Explain'why'no'sodium'is'produced'in'this'experiment.''
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[1'mark]'
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ACIDS%&%BASES%
1.''
Acids'and'bases'are'substances'that'are'commonly'used'in'everyday'life.'
a.'(i)' What'is'an'acid?'
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(ii)' What'is'a'base?'
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b.'Give'one'example'each'of'an'acid'and'a'base'that'is'used'in'daily'life.'State'the'use'of'
the'acid'and'the'base'named.'

19. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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c.'Explain'why'there'is'a'difference'in'the'brightness'of'the'bulbs'in'the'electrolytic'
cells'below.'
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' Ethanoic'acid'is'a'weak'acid.'It'produces'low'concentration'of'hydrogen'ions'
' Hydrobromic'acid'is'a'strong'acid.'It'produces'high'concentration'of'hydrogen'ions'
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[4'marks]'
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d.'Citric'acid'is'a'white'solid.'It'can'dissolve'in'two'different'solvents,'water'and'
propanone.'The'solution'in'water'turns'universal'indicator'paper'orange_red'in'
colour.'The'solution'in'propanone'has'no'effect'on'universal'indicator.'Give'an'
explanation'for'this'observation.'
' Citric'acid'can'ionize'in'water'to'show'its'acidic'properties.'Citric'acid'cannot'ionize'
in'propanone'because'it'is'an'organic'solvent.'

20. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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[4'marks]'
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21. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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2.''
In'an'acid_base'titration'using'methyl'orange,'20'cm3'of'dilute'sulphuric'acid'of'
unknown'concentration'is'required'to'completely'neutralise'40'cm3'of'1.7'mol'dm_3'
sodium'hydroxide'solution.'
(a)' What'is'the'colour'of'methyl'orange'in'
' (i)' An'acid'solution?'
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(ii)' An'alkaline'solution?'
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(iii)'A'neutral'solution?'
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(b)' In'the'titration'above,'how'many'moles'of'sodium'hydroxide'have'been'used?'
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(c)' How'many'moles'of'sulphuric'acid'are'there'in'20'cm3'of'dilute'sulphuric'acid'
used'in'the'titration'above?'
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[2'marks]'
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(d)' What'is'the'molarity'of'the'dilute'sulphuric'acid'used?'
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22. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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(e)' Assuming'sulphuric'acid'dissociates'100%'in'aqueous'solution,'what'is'the'
concentration'of'H+'ions'in'the'dilute'sulphuric'acid'used?'
Explain'your'answer.'
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' [2'marks]'
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SALTS%
1.''
The'figure'below'shows'the'chemical'changes'that'occur'with'the'carbonate'of'P.'
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(a)' Identify'P.'
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(b)' P'is'heated'strongly'and'decomposes'to'form'solid'R'and'carbon'dioxide.'
' (i)' Identify'solid'R.'
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(ii)' What'is'the'colour'of'solid'R'when'it'is'still'hot'and'when'it'is'cooled?'
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23. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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(c)' Nitric'acid'is'added'into'solid'P.'
' (i)' What'would'you'see'when'nitric'acid'is'added'to'solid'P?'
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(ii)' Identify'Q.'
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(iii)'Describe'what'is'observed'when'sodium'hydroxide'is'added'drop'wise'into'
solution'Q'until'in'excess.'
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(d)' Potassium'iodide'solution'is'added'into'solution'Q'to'form'compound'T.'
' (i)' Identify'T.'
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(ii)' Write'an'ionic'equation'to'show'the'reaction'between'solution'Q'and'
potassium'iodide.'
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(e)' Describe'what'happens'to'T'when'it'is'heated'in'hot'water.'
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2.''
Barium%chloride,%copper%(II)%nitrate,%magnesium%sulphate,%lead%(II)%carbonate%
(a)' From'the'above'list'of'salts,'identify'the'salt'which'
' (i)' Gives'off'brown'fume'on'heating.'
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24. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
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(ii)' Gives'off'a'gas'that'turns'limewater'milky'on'heating.'
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(iii)'Leaves'a'black'residue'after'heating.'
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(iv)'Releases'effervescence'with'dilute'hydrochloric'acid,'
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(b)' Three'of'the'given'salts'can'dissolve'in'water.'
' (i)' Identify'the'salt'that'does'not'dissolve'in'water.'
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(ii)' Identify'the'salt'that'gives'a'coloured'solution'when'dissolved'in'water.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(iii)'Which'of'the'two'solutions'of'salts'form'a'white'precipitate'when'mixed'
together?'
'' ''
'' ''
'' [2'marks]'
(iv)'Give'the'name'of'the'white'precipitate'formed'in'(b)(iii)'and'write'an'ionic'
equation'for'the'reaction.'
'' Name'of'white'
precipitate:'
''
'
'' [1'mark]'
'' Ionic'equation':' ''
'
'' [1'mark]'
'
'
'

25. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 25'
MANUFACTURED%SUBSTANCES%IN%THE%INDUSTRY%
1.''
' (a)'Bronze'is'a'type'of'alloy'that'is'made'up'of'copper'and'other'elements.'It'is'harder'
than'pure'copper.'
' (i)' Draw'the'arrangements'of'particles'in'pure'copper'and'bronze'in'the'spaces'
provided'below.'
'' ''
'' ''
'' ''
'' ''
'' Pure'copper' Bronze'
'
'' [2'marks]'
(ii)' Explain'why'bronze'is'harder'than'pure'copper.'
'' ''
'' ''
'' [2'marks]'
'
(c)'The'followings'are'the'information'of'composite'material.'
' ·''''' It'is'used'in'the'manufacture'of'lenses.'
·''''' Lenses'produced'have'better'ability'to'protect'our'eyes'from'harmful'
ultraviolet'rays.'
' (i)' Name'the'composite'material.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
(ii)' How'do'the'lenses'protect'our'eyes'during'a'sunny'day?'
' '
' '
' [2'marks]'
'
'
'
'
'

26. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 26'
2.''
The'following'flow'chart'shows'the'steps'involved'in'the'manufacture'of'an'industrial'
substance'L'and'the'production'of'fertiliser'M.'
'
(a)' What'is'the'industrial'substance'L?'
' '
' [1'mark]'
' '
(b)' Name'the'industrial'process'to'produce'substance'L.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
' '
(c)' What'is'substance'K?'
' '
' [1'mark]'
(d)' The'conversion'of'sulphur'dioxide'to'substance'K'is'very'slow'and'the'percentage'
of'conversion'is'also'very'low.'Give'two'ways'to'overcome'these'problems.'
' '
' '
' [2'marks]'
(e)' What'is'fertiliser'M?'
' '
' [1'mark]'
' '
(f)' Write'a'balanced'equation'for'the'formation'of'fertiliser'M.'
' '
' [2'marks]'

27. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 27'
' '
(g)' (i)' Sulphur'dioxide'can'cause'acid'rain.'Give'one'effect'of'acid'rain'on'the'
environment.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
'
4.''
' Types%of%glass' Composition' Uses'
'P' 'Silica,'sodium'oxide''
'and'calcium'oxide.'
'To'make'glass'bottles'and''
'glass'windowpanes.'
'Borosilicate'glass' 'Silica'and'compound'Q.' 'To'make'test'tubes'and'beakers.'
'Photochromic'glass' 'Compound'R,''
'compound'S'and''
'copper'(II)'oxide'
'To'make'lenses'of'spectacles.'
'T' 'Silica'and'lead'(II)'oxide' 'To'make'prisms'and'lenses.'
'
'
'
The'table'above'shows'the'composition'and'uses'of'four'types'of'glasses.'
(a)' (i)' Give'the'chemical'name'for'silica.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
(ii)' State'a'natural'source'of'silica.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
'
(b)' Name'the'type'of'glasses'P'and'T'in'the'table'above'
' (i)' P':' ''
(ii)' T':' ''
'
' [2'marks]'
(c)' State'the'main'difference'between'glass'P'and'borosilicate'glass.'
' '
' [1'mark]'

28. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 28'
(d)' State'the'compounds'Q,'R'and'S'in'the'table'above.'
' Q':' ''
R':' ''
S':' ''
'
' [3'marks]'
(e)' State'a'characteristic'of'the'lens'of'the'spectacles'that'are'made'from'
photochromic'glass.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
(f)' State'a'characteristic'of'glass'T.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
'
'
8.''
The'table'below'shows'several'examples'of'alloys'and'their'component'elements.'
Alloy' Component%elements'
S' Iron,'carbon'
Stainless'steel' Iron,'K,'L'
Brass' M,'zinc'
T' Aluminium,'copper'
'
'
(a)'
'
(i)' Name'alloy'S'and'draw'a'labeled'diagram'to'show'the'arrangement'of'
particles'in'it.'
'' ''
'' ''
'' ''
'' ''
'
'' [2'marks]'

29. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 29'
(ii)' Give'one'use'of'alloy'S'in'the'industry.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
'
' '
(b)' Name'foreign'elements'K'and'L'in'stainless'steel.'
' '
' [1'mark]'
' '
(c)' (i)' Name'the'metal'M'present'in'brass.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' Give'one'advantage'of'brass'compared'to'metal'M'in'terms'of'ductility'and'
hardness.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(iii)'Name'one'object'made'of'brass.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
'
' '
(d)' Alloy'T'is'usually'used'for'the'construction'of'body'frames'of'airplanes.'
' (i)' Give'the'name'of'alloy'T.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' Give'one'property'of'alloy'T'that'makes'it'suitable'for'the'construction'of'the'
body'frames'of'airplanes.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
'
'
'

30. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 30'
9.''
The'figure'below'shows'the'flow'chart'for'the'production'of'ammonia'gas.'
'
(a)' Explain'how'nitrogen'and'hydrogen'are'obtained?'
' (i)' Nitrogen:'' ''
(ii)' Hydrogen' ''
'
' [2'marks]'
(b)' In'what'ratio'does'nitrogen'react'with'hydrogen?'
' '
' [1'mark]'
(c)' (i)' Name'the'catalyst'used'in'the'catalyst'tower.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' State'the'optimum'temperature'and'pressure'for'the'mixture'of'nitrogen'and'
hydrogen'to'react.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
'
' '
(d)' What'is'the'purpose'of'the'cooling'tower?'
' '
' '
' '
' [2'marks]'
' '

31. YASMIN'NA'–'BONUS'EXITUS'CHYMICIS'2015'
' 31'
(e)' (i)' State'the'reagent'P'used'to'convert'ammonia'to'ammonium'nitrate.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(ii)' State'a'use'of'ammonium'nitrate.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
(iii)'Write'a'chemical'equation'for'the'reaction'between'P'and'ammonia.'
'' ''
'' [1'mark]'
'
'
'
'
GOOD LUCK FOR
TRIALS
AND
SPM 2015 !