2. bioCarbon.net
UNFCCC Article 2
GHG Stabilization
Avoid dangerous
interference
Ecosystem
adaptation
Food production &
sustainable economic
development
3.
4. bioCarbon.net
AFOLU activities
Measurement
accuracy
Chances for
Permanence
Social impact TA Cost
Efficiency
Mitigation
Potential
Soil C mgm’t High High Low Medium High
Soil mgm’t
non-CO2
GHGs
Low High Low Low Medium
Peatland
restoration
Low High Medium Low High
Forest
restoration
Medium Medium High Medium High
Agroforestry High High High Low Medium
A/R
(commercial)
High High High High Medium - Low
ADD Medium Low High Medium High
5. bioCarbon.net
Performance of different standards
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Carbon
Safeguards & Co-
Benefits
Other factors
VCS
CCB
GS
• Carbon revenue structure
• Transaction costs
• ODA additionality
• Scale considered
• Project combinations
6. bioCarbon.net
Criteria for stringency
• Scale
– Small
– Large
• Social impact potential
– Change of current practice
– Structural change
• Type of regime
– ODA
– National voluntary market
– International voluntary market
– Linked international
– National compliance
– International compliance