This document summarizes information about evaluating benign bone lesions on radiographs. It discusses diagnostic criteria including age, location, margins, and matrix. Common benign bone tumors are described such as simple bone cysts, aneurysmal bone cysts, osteoid osteoma, and enchondroma. Location is an important factor, for example enchondromas often occur in hands and feet. Classification is discussed based on matrix type such as cystic, osseous, chondroid, and fibro-osseous lesions. Radiologic features of specific tumors and mimics are presented. The conclusion emphasizes that attention to age, location, and radiographic features helps narrow the differential diagnosis.
This document discusses osteoid osteoma, a relatively common benign bone tumor. It is characterized by a small nidus less than 1.5 cm in diameter that typically causes persistent night pain relieved by salicylates. Diagnosis is usually made through imaging like CT or MRI that identify the central nidus. Treatment options include long-term anti-inflammatories, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation to destroy the nidus, or surgical removal of the nidus through curettage or en bloc resection. The document also briefly discusses other bone forming tumors like osteoblastoma, osteoma, and their signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
Presentation1.pptx, interpretation of x ray on bone tumour.Abdellah Nazeer
Osteochondroma is a benign bone tumor that appears as a bony protrusion on x-ray, with cortical and medullary bone continuity between the lesion and underlying bone. While this relationship is clearly seen on long bones, it can be more difficult to identify on flat bones or in sessile lesions. Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that appears on x-ray as mottled, osteolytic lesions with poorly defined edges and periosteal reactions like sunburst patterns. Bone metastases typically appear as either osteolytic or osteoblastic lesions on x-ray.
This document provides an overview of osseous bone tumors, including benign and malignant types. It discusses key benign tumors like osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and bone islands. It also covers osteosarcoma in depth, describing its various subtypes, characteristics, diagnosis involving imaging and biopsy, Enneking staging system, and treatment approaches including chemotherapy, surgery, and prognosis factors. The summary focuses on key details about classification and management of important osseous bone tumors.
Benign bone tumors can be classified based on their location, rate of growth, perioseal reaction, and matrix mineralization. Common cartilage tumors include osteochondroma, enchondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, and fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma. Osteochondroma is characterized by a cartilage-capped bony projection and most commonly affects the distal femur, proximal humerus, proximal tibia and proximal femur. Enchondroma forms mature hyaline cartilage and typically affects the small tubular bones of the hands and feet. Chondroblastoma presents before skeletal maturity with a sclerotic border and scattered calcifications. Treatment
This document discusses the classification and types of benign bone tumors. It begins by classifying bone tumors based on their site of origin, such as osteogenic, cartilage, fibrogenic, and others. It then provides details on specific benign bone tumor types including osteochondroma, enchondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, and osteoma. For each tumor type, it discusses etiology, clinical features, radiographic findings, pathology, treatment and recurrence rates.
The document discusses several non-neoplastic bone lesions that can mimic bone tumors including malignant lesions on imaging. These include brown tumors caused by hyperparathyroidism, bone islands, bone infarcts, stress fractures, and post-traumatic osteolysis. Correct diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary biopsies, as many of these lesions can be diagnosed based on clinical history, lab tests, and characteristic imaging features without biopsy.
This document discusses osteoid osteoma, a relatively common benign bone tumor. It is characterized by a small nidus less than 1.5 cm in diameter that typically causes persistent night pain relieved by salicylates. Diagnosis is usually made through imaging like CT or MRI that identify the central nidus. Treatment options include long-term anti-inflammatories, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation to destroy the nidus, or surgical removal of the nidus through curettage or en bloc resection. The document also briefly discusses other bone forming tumors like osteoblastoma, osteoma, and their signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
Presentation1.pptx, interpretation of x ray on bone tumour.Abdellah Nazeer
Osteochondroma is a benign bone tumor that appears as a bony protrusion on x-ray, with cortical and medullary bone continuity between the lesion and underlying bone. While this relationship is clearly seen on long bones, it can be more difficult to identify on flat bones or in sessile lesions. Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that appears on x-ray as mottled, osteolytic lesions with poorly defined edges and periosteal reactions like sunburst patterns. Bone metastases typically appear as either osteolytic or osteoblastic lesions on x-ray.
This document provides an overview of osseous bone tumors, including benign and malignant types. It discusses key benign tumors like osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and bone islands. It also covers osteosarcoma in depth, describing its various subtypes, characteristics, diagnosis involving imaging and biopsy, Enneking staging system, and treatment approaches including chemotherapy, surgery, and prognosis factors. The summary focuses on key details about classification and management of important osseous bone tumors.
Benign bone tumors can be classified based on their location, rate of growth, perioseal reaction, and matrix mineralization. Common cartilage tumors include osteochondroma, enchondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, and fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma. Osteochondroma is characterized by a cartilage-capped bony projection and most commonly affects the distal femur, proximal humerus, proximal tibia and proximal femur. Enchondroma forms mature hyaline cartilage and typically affects the small tubular bones of the hands and feet. Chondroblastoma presents before skeletal maturity with a sclerotic border and scattered calcifications. Treatment
This document discusses the classification and types of benign bone tumors. It begins by classifying bone tumors based on their site of origin, such as osteogenic, cartilage, fibrogenic, and others. It then provides details on specific benign bone tumor types including osteochondroma, enchondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, and osteoma. For each tumor type, it discusses etiology, clinical features, radiographic findings, pathology, treatment and recurrence rates.
The document discusses several non-neoplastic bone lesions that can mimic bone tumors including malignant lesions on imaging. These include brown tumors caused by hyperparathyroidism, bone islands, bone infarcts, stress fractures, and post-traumatic osteolysis. Correct diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary biopsies, as many of these lesions can be diagnosed based on clinical history, lab tests, and characteristic imaging features without biopsy.
Chondroblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor that occurs most commonly in the epiphysis of long bones like the humerus in young people between 10-20 years old. On imaging, it appears as a well-defined lytic lesion with a thin sclerotic rim and may contain internal matrix calcifications. MRI demonstrates a peripheral rim of low signal on T1 and T2-weighted images corresponding to the sclerotic margin, with possible adjacent bone marrow edema. Differential diagnoses include giant cell tumor and aneurysmal bone cyst based on location and imaging features.
This document discusses musculoskeletal diseases and how they are divided based on their presentation on x-rays and other imaging modalities. It describes solitary lesions, which can be bone tumors, osteomyelitis, bone cysts or osteoid osteomas. Multiple focal lesions are usually metastases. Generalized lesions affect all bones and alter bone density or trabecular pattern. Common primary bone tumors like osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are described along with their imaging characteristics. Benign tumors and conditions such as enchondromas, bone cysts and osteoid osteomas are also summarized.
This document discusses the radiological features of various benign bone tumors. It is divided into sections on different tumor types including cartilage tumors, osteogenic tumors, fibrous cortical defects, giant cell tumors, vascular tumors, and miscellaneous lesions. Key points include the typical age of presentation, location within bones, appearance on imaging modalities like CT and MRI, and distinguishing radiological characteristics of osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, fibrous dysplasia, and aneurysmal bone cyst among others.
This document provides a classification and overview of bone tumors, including:
1. A classification of primary benign and malignant bone tumors by histologic type, peak age, and common sites.
2. Descriptions of characteristic radiographic features that can help identify different tumor types.
3. Details on patterns of bone destruction, periosteal reaction, and matrix mineralization that are useful in tumor identification on imaging.
Simple and aneurysmal Bone cyst - Definition, Classfication, Investigations, ...orthoslides
This document provides information on simple bone cysts and aneurysmal bone cysts. Simple bone cysts typically occur in children before bone growth plates close and present as asymptomatic lesions. Aneurysmal bone cysts can occur at any age and commonly present with pain, swelling, or fracture. They appear multilocular on imaging with fluid-fluid levels. Both lesions are benign but aneurysmal bone cysts have a higher recurrence rate after treatment with curettage and grafting due to their vascular nature.
This document discusses bone tumors, classifying them as either primary bone tumors that originate in bone or secondary bone tumors that metastasize from other sites. Primary bone tumors are further divided into benign or malignant subgroups. Common benign bone tumors include osteochondromas, enchondromas, and osteoid osteomas. Malignant primary bone tumors include osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Secondary bone tumors most often spread from the breast, prostate, lung, kidney or thyroid. Classification depends on tumor location, tissue of origin, and other radiological features. Diagnosis involves history, imaging such as x-rays, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on whether the tumor is benign or malignant.
This document discusses bone tumors, classifying them as either primary bone tumors that originate in bone or secondary bone tumors that have metastasized from other sites. Primary bone tumors are further divided into benign or malignant subgroups. Common benign bone tumors include osteochondromas, enchondromas, and osteoid osteomas. Malignant primary bone tumors include osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Secondary bone tumors most often spread from the breast, prostate, lung, kidney, or thyroid. Bone tumors are also classified based on imaging appearance and tissue of origin. Diagnosis involves history, imaging such as x-rays, and biopsy. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant.
Orthopedic Aspects Of Metabolic Bone Disease By XiuXiu Srithammasit
This document summarizes various metabolic bone diseases and their orthopedic manifestations and radiographic findings. It covers osteoporosis, rickets and osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and renal osteodystrophy. For each condition, it describes clinical presentation, pathogenesis, characteristic radiographic findings including areas of bone involvement and patterns of bone changes, and differential diagnoses.
This document discusses and compares four common bone tumors/lesions: osteosarcoma, osteoid osteoma, osteochondroma, and nonossifying fibromas. It covers their epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and characteristic radiographic appearances. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer most common in adolescents. Osteoid osteoma causes pain relieved by aspirin and has a radiographic "nidus." Osteochondromas are bony outgrowths often on long bones. Nonossifying fibromas are asymptomatic bone lesions usually resolving by adolescence. Radiography plays a key role in diagnosis.
Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor most common in young patients, typically causing pain worsened at night. Radiographs show a small lucent nidus surrounded by reactive sclerosis. CT precisely defines the calcified nidus. MRI demonstrates surrounding bone marrow edema. Treatment involves surgical excision or thermocoagulation of the nidus, providing effective pain relief. A multimodality imaging approach is useful to characterize the lesion and differentiate it from other causes of bone pain.
Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor most common in teenagers and young adults. It presents as a small nidus less than 2 cm in size that typically causes pain, especially at night, which is relieved with aspirin. Common locations are the femur and tibia. Radiographically, it appears as a well-defined lucency surrounded by sclerotic bone. Surgical removal of just the nidus is the standard treatment to relieve symptoms.
Primary malignant bone tumors are rare. Imaging such as radiography, CT, and MRI play an important role in detecting, characterizing, staging, and following up on bone tumors. The document discusses several primary bone tumors seen at different ages such as osteosarcoma, which commonly arises in the metaphysis of long bones in teenagers; chondrosarcoma, which arises in flat bones in those over 40; and Ewing sarcoma, which typically affects the diaphysis of long bones in children and adolescents. Imaging features of these tumors are provided along with other bone tumors like chordoma, lymphoma, and fibrosarcoma.
Primary malignant bone tumors are rare cancers that can develop in bones. The accurate determination of the type and extent of the tumor is important for diagnosis and treatment planning. Imaging modalities like radiography, CT, and MRI play key roles in detecting bone tumors, determining their nature, assessing their size and spread, and monitoring patients over time. Different bone tumors are more common in different age groups and can originate from different areas of bones.
The document describes a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with pain and swelling in his right ankle for 1 year and 6 months respectively. On examination, tenderness was found around the swelling. X-ray showed a mixed lytic and sclerotic lesion in the talus with periosteal reaction and soft tissue swelling. Differential diagnoses of Ewing sarcoma, synovial osteosarcoma, and osteomyelitis were provided. The document then discusses the features of osteosarcoma, osteomyelitis, Ewing sarcoma, and synovial sarcoma.
This document provides an overview of benign bone tumors. It discusses several key factors used in the pre-biopsy diagnosis of bone tumors including patient age, lesion location, and radiological characteristics. Specific benign bone tumors are then described in detail, organized by cell of origin (cartilage tumors, osteogenic tumors, etc). For each tumor, the document outlines typical age, location, appearance on imaging studies, and other distinguishing radiological features. Key points include descriptions of osteochondroma, enchondroma, osteoid osteoma, giant cell tumor, and other common benign bone lesions.
1. Malignant bone tumors are aggressive cancers that rapidly destroy tissue and commonly spread to other areas. They make up about 0.5% of all cancers.
2. The most common malignant bone tumors are metastases from other primary cancers, which account for 70% of cases. Primary bone cancers include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma.
3. Diagnosis involves imaging like x-rays, CT, and MRI to identify bone destruction and tumor extent. Biopsy is needed for histological examination to determine the tumor type and grade. Treatment depends on the cancer but commonly involves surgery along with chemotherapy and radiation.
1. Bone tumors can be either primary (originating in bone) or secondary (spread from other tissues) and are classified as benign or malignant.
2. Common primary bone tumors include osteochondromas, enchondromas, osteoid osteomas, giant cell tumors, and osteosarcoma.
3. Diagnosis involves history, physical exam, imaging like x-rays and MRI, and biopsy. Staging uses the Enneking system to assess tumor grade and involvement of bone compartments.
4. Treatment depends on tumor type but commonly includes surgery, with chemotherapy also used for malignant tumors. The goal is complete resection while preserving limb function if possible.
This document discusses several types of benign bone tumors, including osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteochondroma, enchondroma, periosteal chondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, and ossifying fibroma. It describes the clinical presentation, radiographic findings, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for each tumor. Plain radiographs are emphasized as the best initial imaging modality for evaluating these lesions.
1. The document summarizes investigations for bone tumors including plain radiography, MRI, CT, and isotope bone scans. 2. It describes primary malignant bone tumors like osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and giant cell tumor based on patient age, location, and radiographic findings. 3. It also discusses benign bone tumors, metastases, multiple myeloma, and generalized decreased bone density conditions like osteoporosis and their radiographic presentations.
Chandrima Spa Ajman is one of the leading Massage Center in Ajman, which is open 24 hours exclusively for men. Being one of the most affordable Spa in Ajman, we offer Body to Body massage, Kerala Massage, Malayali Massage, Indian Massage, Pakistani Massage Russian massage, Thai massage, Swedish massage, Hot Stone Massage, Deep Tissue Massage, and many more. Indulge in the ultimate massage experience and book your appointment today. We are confident that you will leave our Massage spa feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to take on the world.
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Chondroblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor that occurs most commonly in the epiphysis of long bones like the humerus in young people between 10-20 years old. On imaging, it appears as a well-defined lytic lesion with a thin sclerotic rim and may contain internal matrix calcifications. MRI demonstrates a peripheral rim of low signal on T1 and T2-weighted images corresponding to the sclerotic margin, with possible adjacent bone marrow edema. Differential diagnoses include giant cell tumor and aneurysmal bone cyst based on location and imaging features.
This document discusses musculoskeletal diseases and how they are divided based on their presentation on x-rays and other imaging modalities. It describes solitary lesions, which can be bone tumors, osteomyelitis, bone cysts or osteoid osteomas. Multiple focal lesions are usually metastases. Generalized lesions affect all bones and alter bone density or trabecular pattern. Common primary bone tumors like osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are described along with their imaging characteristics. Benign tumors and conditions such as enchondromas, bone cysts and osteoid osteomas are also summarized.
This document discusses the radiological features of various benign bone tumors. It is divided into sections on different tumor types including cartilage tumors, osteogenic tumors, fibrous cortical defects, giant cell tumors, vascular tumors, and miscellaneous lesions. Key points include the typical age of presentation, location within bones, appearance on imaging modalities like CT and MRI, and distinguishing radiological characteristics of osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, fibrous dysplasia, and aneurysmal bone cyst among others.
This document provides a classification and overview of bone tumors, including:
1. A classification of primary benign and malignant bone tumors by histologic type, peak age, and common sites.
2. Descriptions of characteristic radiographic features that can help identify different tumor types.
3. Details on patterns of bone destruction, periosteal reaction, and matrix mineralization that are useful in tumor identification on imaging.
Simple and aneurysmal Bone cyst - Definition, Classfication, Investigations, ...orthoslides
This document provides information on simple bone cysts and aneurysmal bone cysts. Simple bone cysts typically occur in children before bone growth plates close and present as asymptomatic lesions. Aneurysmal bone cysts can occur at any age and commonly present with pain, swelling, or fracture. They appear multilocular on imaging with fluid-fluid levels. Both lesions are benign but aneurysmal bone cysts have a higher recurrence rate after treatment with curettage and grafting due to their vascular nature.
This document discusses bone tumors, classifying them as either primary bone tumors that originate in bone or secondary bone tumors that metastasize from other sites. Primary bone tumors are further divided into benign or malignant subgroups. Common benign bone tumors include osteochondromas, enchondromas, and osteoid osteomas. Malignant primary bone tumors include osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Secondary bone tumors most often spread from the breast, prostate, lung, kidney or thyroid. Classification depends on tumor location, tissue of origin, and other radiological features. Diagnosis involves history, imaging such as x-rays, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on whether the tumor is benign or malignant.
This document discusses bone tumors, classifying them as either primary bone tumors that originate in bone or secondary bone tumors that have metastasized from other sites. Primary bone tumors are further divided into benign or malignant subgroups. Common benign bone tumors include osteochondromas, enchondromas, and osteoid osteomas. Malignant primary bone tumors include osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Secondary bone tumors most often spread from the breast, prostate, lung, kidney, or thyroid. Bone tumors are also classified based on imaging appearance and tissue of origin. Diagnosis involves history, imaging such as x-rays, and biopsy. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant.
Orthopedic Aspects Of Metabolic Bone Disease By XiuXiu Srithammasit
This document summarizes various metabolic bone diseases and their orthopedic manifestations and radiographic findings. It covers osteoporosis, rickets and osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and renal osteodystrophy. For each condition, it describes clinical presentation, pathogenesis, characteristic radiographic findings including areas of bone involvement and patterns of bone changes, and differential diagnoses.
This document discusses and compares four common bone tumors/lesions: osteosarcoma, osteoid osteoma, osteochondroma, and nonossifying fibromas. It covers their epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and characteristic radiographic appearances. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer most common in adolescents. Osteoid osteoma causes pain relieved by aspirin and has a radiographic "nidus." Osteochondromas are bony outgrowths often on long bones. Nonossifying fibromas are asymptomatic bone lesions usually resolving by adolescence. Radiography plays a key role in diagnosis.
Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor most common in young patients, typically causing pain worsened at night. Radiographs show a small lucent nidus surrounded by reactive sclerosis. CT precisely defines the calcified nidus. MRI demonstrates surrounding bone marrow edema. Treatment involves surgical excision or thermocoagulation of the nidus, providing effective pain relief. A multimodality imaging approach is useful to characterize the lesion and differentiate it from other causes of bone pain.
Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor most common in teenagers and young adults. It presents as a small nidus less than 2 cm in size that typically causes pain, especially at night, which is relieved with aspirin. Common locations are the femur and tibia. Radiographically, it appears as a well-defined lucency surrounded by sclerotic bone. Surgical removal of just the nidus is the standard treatment to relieve symptoms.
Primary malignant bone tumors are rare. Imaging such as radiography, CT, and MRI play an important role in detecting, characterizing, staging, and following up on bone tumors. The document discusses several primary bone tumors seen at different ages such as osteosarcoma, which commonly arises in the metaphysis of long bones in teenagers; chondrosarcoma, which arises in flat bones in those over 40; and Ewing sarcoma, which typically affects the diaphysis of long bones in children and adolescents. Imaging features of these tumors are provided along with other bone tumors like chordoma, lymphoma, and fibrosarcoma.
Primary malignant bone tumors are rare cancers that can develop in bones. The accurate determination of the type and extent of the tumor is important for diagnosis and treatment planning. Imaging modalities like radiography, CT, and MRI play key roles in detecting bone tumors, determining their nature, assessing their size and spread, and monitoring patients over time. Different bone tumors are more common in different age groups and can originate from different areas of bones.
The document describes a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with pain and swelling in his right ankle for 1 year and 6 months respectively. On examination, tenderness was found around the swelling. X-ray showed a mixed lytic and sclerotic lesion in the talus with periosteal reaction and soft tissue swelling. Differential diagnoses of Ewing sarcoma, synovial osteosarcoma, and osteomyelitis were provided. The document then discusses the features of osteosarcoma, osteomyelitis, Ewing sarcoma, and synovial sarcoma.
This document provides an overview of benign bone tumors. It discusses several key factors used in the pre-biopsy diagnosis of bone tumors including patient age, lesion location, and radiological characteristics. Specific benign bone tumors are then described in detail, organized by cell of origin (cartilage tumors, osteogenic tumors, etc). For each tumor, the document outlines typical age, location, appearance on imaging studies, and other distinguishing radiological features. Key points include descriptions of osteochondroma, enchondroma, osteoid osteoma, giant cell tumor, and other common benign bone lesions.
1. Malignant bone tumors are aggressive cancers that rapidly destroy tissue and commonly spread to other areas. They make up about 0.5% of all cancers.
2. The most common malignant bone tumors are metastases from other primary cancers, which account for 70% of cases. Primary bone cancers include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma.
3. Diagnosis involves imaging like x-rays, CT, and MRI to identify bone destruction and tumor extent. Biopsy is needed for histological examination to determine the tumor type and grade. Treatment depends on the cancer but commonly involves surgery along with chemotherapy and radiation.
1. Bone tumors can be either primary (originating in bone) or secondary (spread from other tissues) and are classified as benign or malignant.
2. Common primary bone tumors include osteochondromas, enchondromas, osteoid osteomas, giant cell tumors, and osteosarcoma.
3. Diagnosis involves history, physical exam, imaging like x-rays and MRI, and biopsy. Staging uses the Enneking system to assess tumor grade and involvement of bone compartments.
4. Treatment depends on tumor type but commonly includes surgery, with chemotherapy also used for malignant tumors. The goal is complete resection while preserving limb function if possible.
This document discusses several types of benign bone tumors, including osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteochondroma, enchondroma, periosteal chondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, and ossifying fibroma. It describes the clinical presentation, radiographic findings, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for each tumor. Plain radiographs are emphasized as the best initial imaging modality for evaluating these lesions.
1. The document summarizes investigations for bone tumors including plain radiography, MRI, CT, and isotope bone scans. 2. It describes primary malignant bone tumors like osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and giant cell tumor based on patient age, location, and radiographic findings. 3. It also discusses benign bone tumors, metastases, multiple myeloma, and generalized decreased bone density conditions like osteoporosis and their radiographic presentations.
Chandrima Spa Ajman is one of the leading Massage Center in Ajman, which is open 24 hours exclusively for men. Being one of the most affordable Spa in Ajman, we offer Body to Body massage, Kerala Massage, Malayali Massage, Indian Massage, Pakistani Massage Russian massage, Thai massage, Swedish massage, Hot Stone Massage, Deep Tissue Massage, and many more. Indulge in the ultimate massage experience and book your appointment today. We are confident that you will leave our Massage spa feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to take on the world.
Visit : https://massagespaajman.com/
Call : 052 987 1315
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdfbkling
Christina Spears, breast cancer genetic counselor at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, joined us for the MBC Support Group for Black Women to discuss the importance of genetic testing in communities of color and answer pressing questions.
Under Pressure : Kenneth Kruk's StrategyKenneth Kruk
Kenneth Kruk's story of transforming challenges into opportunities by leading successful medical record transitions and bridging scientific knowledge gaps during COVID-19.
Michigan HealthTech Market Map 2024. Includes 7 categories: Policy Makers, Academic Innovation Centers, Digital Health Providers, Healthcare Providers, Payers / Insurance, Device Companies, Life Science Companies, Innovation Accelerators. Developed by the Michigan-Israel Business Accelerator
KEY Points of Leicester travel clinic In London doc.docxNX Healthcare
In order to protect visitors' safety and wellbeing, Travel Clinic Leicester offers a wide range of travel-related health treatments, including individualized counseling and vaccines. Our team of medical experts specializes in getting people ready for international travel, with a particular emphasis on vaccines and health consultations to prevent travel-related illnesses. We provide a range of travel-related services, such as health concerns unique to a trip, prevention of malaria, and travel-related medical supplies. Our clinic is dedicated to providing top-notch care, keeping abreast of the most recent recommendations for vaccinations and travel health precautions. The goal of Travel Clinic Leicester is to keep you safe and well-rested no matter what kind of travel you choose—business, pleasure, or adventure.
LGBTQ+ Adults: Unique Opportunities and Inclusive Approaches to CareVITASAuthor
This webinar helps clinicians understand the unique healthcare needs of the LGBTQ+ community, primarily in relation to end-of-life care. Topics include social and cultural background and challenges, healthcare disparities, advanced care planning, and strategies for reaching the community and improving quality of care.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
This particular slides consist of- what is Pneumothorax,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is a summary of Pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax, also known as a collapsed lung, is a condition that occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall. This air buildup puts pressure on the lung, preventing it from expanding fully when you breathe. A pneumothorax can cause a complete or partial collapse of the lung.
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.Vishal kr Thakur
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
Let's Talk About It: Breast Cancer (What is Mindset and Does it Really Matter?)bkling
Your mindset is the way you make sense of the world around you. This lens influences the way you think, the way you feel, and how you might behave in certain situations. Let's talk about mindset myths that can get us into trouble and ways to cultivate a mindset to support your cancer survivorship in authentic ways. Let’s Talk About It!
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TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
INFECTION OF THE BRAIN -ENCEPHALITIS ( PPT)blessyjannu21
Neurological system includes brain and spinal cord. It plays an important role in functioning of our body. Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain. Causes include viral infections, infections from insect bites or an autoimmune reaction that affects the brain. It can be life-threatening or cause long-term complications. Treatment varies, but most people require hospitalization so they can receive intensive treatment, including life support.
2. INTRODUCTION
Primary benign bone tumors are more common than
malignancies in children and adolescents.
Patient age and lesion location are two critical
factors when evaluating for a bone tumor.
Radiography is the mainstay and is a cost-effective
imaging modality. Cross-sectional imaging is helpful in
tissue characterization and for evaluating the extent
of the lesions.
3. DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST TO EVALUATE BONE
LESIONS ON RADIOGRAPHS
Age
Location
Number of lesions
Lesion matrix
Margin features
Presence or absence of periosteal reaction
Presence or absence of extraosseous extension
4. Matrix or tissue Benign tumors
Cystic lesions Unicameral (simple) bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst
Osseous matrix Enostosis, osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma
Chondroid matrix Enchondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma,
osteochondroma, juxtacortical chondroma
Fibro-osseous Nonossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, osteofibrous dysplasia
Fat Lipoma
Vascular malformations Hemangioma
Giant cell tumors Giant cell tumor
Others Langerhans cell histiocytosis
CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO MATRIX OR
TISSUE TYPE
8. CENTRIC ECCENTRIC CORTICAL JUXTACORTICAL
Simple bone cyst,
eosinophilic
granuloma,
fibrous dysplasia,
enchondroma
ABC,Chondroblastoma,
chondromyxoid
fibroma,
giant cell tumor,
osteoblastoma
Nonossifying
fibroma,
osteoid
osteoma
Osteochondroma,
juxtacortical
chondroma
RADIOLOGIC APPROACH TO BENIGN BONE
TUMORS—LOCATION IN THE LONG BONES
9. RADIOLOGIC APPROACH TO BONE TUMORS
AND TUMORLIKE CONDITIONS—POLYOSTOTIC
LESIONS
Fibrous dysplasia
Enchondroma
Eosinophilic granuloma
Hyperparathyroidism
Infection
10. CYSTIC LESIONS: SIMPLE BONE CYST
Location: Intramedullary,
metaphysis of long bones,
abutting the growth plate;
most commonly in proximal
humerus and proximal femur
Radiograph shows well-demarcated
lucent lesion in the proximal
humerus with endosteal scalloping:
simple bone cyst.
Radiograph shows fallen fragment
sign : after pathologic fracture.
11. Sagittal STIR MR image shows internal
trabeculation in humeral simple bone
cyst, which can happen after fracture
Axial short inversion time inversion-
recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance
(MR) image through right proximal
femur shows high signal intensity
without fluid-fluid levels.
12. CYSTIC LESIONS: ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST
Eccentric in metaphysis of long
bones (50%–60%), spine and
sacrum (20%–30%)
Axial MRI IMAGE showing fluid-fluid levels Radiograph shows sharply defined, expansile radiolucent
lesion with thin mineralized margins in proximal tibia.
13. BONE-FORMING TUMORS: ENOSTOSIS
Focus of cortical bone located in the cancellous bone.
Location: Pelvis, long bones, ribs, spine
Frontal radiograph (left) and axial bone algorithm CT image (right) through the proximal femur
demonstrate a well-circumscribed dense lesion in the medullary cavity : enostosis.
14. BONE FORMING TUMORS: OSTEOMA
Osteomas are benign lesions
consisting of mature bone
tissue.
Location: PNS (75% overall),
skull vault, and mandible
Multiple osteomas can be seen
in Gardner syndrome.
Smooth marginated radiodense lesion
Radiograph shows right frontal osteoma
Axial CT image shows ossified mass in right ethmoid sinus:
osteoma
15. BONE-FORMING TUMORS: OSTEOID
OSTEOMA
Location: Cortical diaphyseal location (65%–70%),
commonly in femur, spine -10%
Classically manifests with nocturnal pain
Relieved by aspirin
16. CT is the modality of choice for confirmation, as well as
localization of nidus, and helps to guide ablation.
Calcaneal osteoid osteoma : Lateral radiograph (A) and sagittal bone algorithm CT image (B)
show reactive mineralization around the lucent central nidus, which is less than 2 cm in
diameter (osteoblastoma if nidus is >2 cm)
17. BONE-FORMING TUMORS: OSTEOBLASTOMA
Location: Spine, in particular posterior
elements (40%–55%); metaphysis and
distal diaphysis of long bones (26%)
Insidious dull pain that gets worse at
night
Minimal response to salicylates
Axial bone algorithm CT image shows expansile
lucent lesion (>2 cm in size) with rim of
mineralization: thoracic spinal osteoblastoma.
18. CARTILAGE-FORMING TUMORS: ENCHONDROMA
Location: Medullary cavity
of tubular bones
Pathogenesis: Arise from
growth plate cartilage
and/or chondrocytes that
subsequently proliferate and
slowly enlarge and are
composed of mature hyaline
cartilage
Radiographs show expansile lucent lesion in the middle phalanx with
cortical thinning: enchondroma with pathologic fracture.
19. OLLIER DISEASE
Nonhereditary, sporadic, skeletal disorder
characterized by multiple
enchondromas that are principally located
in the metaphyseal regions
If associated soft-tissue hemangiomas, it is
termed Maffucci syndrome.
Radiograph shows vertical streaks of lucencies (columnar
configuration) in metaphysis of long bones, extending to
the epiphysis
20. CARTILAGE FORMING TUMORS:
CHONDROBLASTOMA
Location: More than 75% in long bones, epiphyseal in origin,
which often extends to metaphysis
Pathologic finding: They are composed of chondroblasts.
Calcium deposition surrounding the polyhedral chondroblasts
has been described as a "chicken-wire calcification” pattern.
22. CARTILAGE FORMING TUMORS:
OSTEOCHONDROMA
Any bone that develops from preformed cartilage
(enchondral ossification) may develop an
osteochondroma.
The lesion is composed of cortical and medullary bone
protruding from and continuous with the underlying bone.
24. DIAPHYSEAL ACLASIS
Also known as hereditary
multiple exostoses
AD inheritance
90% have positive family
history for multiple
exostoses.
There is symmetric widening of metaphyses with multiple small and
large multilobulated exostoses arising from normal underlying
bone: diaphyseal aclasis.
25. FIBRO OSSEOUS LESIONS: NON
OSSIFYING FIBROMA
A larger version (>3
cm) of a fibrous
cortical defect
Radiographs show sharply demarcated, multilobulated, asymmetrical,
cortically based lucent lesion with a thin mineralized rim: distal tibial
nonossifying fibroma.
26. MULTIPLE NONOSSIFYING FIBROMA: JAFFE-
CAMPANACCI SYNDROME
Jaffe-Campanacci is a rare syndrome
characterized by the association of
café au lait spots, axillary freckles,
and multiple nonossifying fibromas of
the long bones and jaw, as well as
some features of type 1
neurofibromatosis.
The risk for pathologic fracture is more
than 50% because of substantial
cortical thinning of the weight-bearing
bones.
27. FIBRO-OSSEOUS LESIONS:FIBROUS DYSPLASIA
Non neoplastic tumor like congenital process, manifesting as a
localized defect in osteoblastic differentiation and maturation,
with replacement of normal bone with large fibrous stroma
and islands of immature woven bone
CT images show ground-glass matrix; well-circumscribed; no periosteal reaction: fibrous dysplasia.
28. Treatment: None, as the bone
lesions usually do not progress
beyond puberty. Treat if
complicated by pathologic
fracture. If mass effect is severe,
then surgical decompression.
Risk of malignant transformation:
1% in monoostotic form;
4% in polyostotic form
CT images show bowing deformity, “shepherd’s crook” deformity,
of femoral neck.
29. FIBRO-OSSEOUS LESIONS:
OSTEOFIBROUS DYSPLASIA
Location: Tibial
diaphysis most
common (80%), mainly
the anterior cortex
Pathologic finding:
There are randomly
distributed lamellated
bone spicules on a
background of fibrous
stroma.
Frontal (A) and lateral (B) radiographs of tibia and fibula demonstrate a
multiloculated lucent ground-glass lesion with a mineralized margin and
cortical expansion; note tibial bowing and pseudoarthrosis after a pathologic
fracture ; no periosteal reaction.
30. GIANT CELL TUMOR
Also known as osteoclastoma; rare in skeletally immature
patients (80% of cases occur between 20 and 50 years;
fewer than 3% of cases occur before the age of 14 years)
Location: Commonly around knee and distal radius
Pathogenesis: Overexpression in RANK-RANKL (receptor
activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand)
signaling pathway with resultant overproliferation and/or
recruitment of osteoclasts
31. Radiographs show well-defined eccentric epimetaphyseal lesion; occurs after growth plate closure; abuts
articular surface; nonmineralized margin; note pathologic fracture.
32. Isointense to skeletal muscle on T1-weighted (A) and heterogenously hyperintense on T2-weighted
(B) MR images: tibial giant cell tumor.
33. INTRAOSSEOUS LIPOMA
Location: Most frequently in calcaneus; metaphysis of long bones
Radiograph shows radiolucent bone lesion with well-
defined margins and internal mineralization.
CT image shows fat-containing well-defined lesion with
central ossification.
34. VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS: HEMANGIOMA
Location: Most frequently seen in the vertebrae or skull.
Vertebral hemangiomas are actually venous malformations.
Sagittal T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR images demonstrate
a circumscribed T1- and T2- hyperintense lesion in the body of
thoracic vertebra: classic MR appearance of hemangioma.
CT image shows well-circumscribed
hypoattenuating lesion with coarse vertical
trabeculae polka-dot appearance.
38. TUMOR MIMICS: EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA
Location: Skull (50%),
mandible, ribs, femur, pelvis
Pathologic finding: abnormal
proliferation of Langerhans
cells with an abundance of
eosinophils, lymphocytes,
and neutrophils.
These cells produce PGs,
which result in medullary
bone resorption.
Skull radiograph (left) and axial bone algorithm CT image (right) demonstrate a punched-
out lucent lesion without a mineralized rim; double-contour or bevelled-edge
appearance is due to greater involvement of the inner than the outer table.
39. TUMOR MIMICS: INFECTION (BRODIE ABSCESS)
Intraosseous abscess
related to focus of
subacute pyogenic
osteomyelitis
MC organism Staph.aureus
Location: Metaphysis of
long bones
MC- proximal or distal tibia
Radiograph shows lucent lesion with mineralized rim in the metaphysis of distal tibia
MR image: penumbra sign indicates a rim of vascularized granulation tissue lining of
the abscess cavity with higher signal intensity than that of the main abscess fluid
collection on T1-weighted images.
40. BROWN TUMOR IN HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
Aka osteitis fibrosa
cystica; one of the
manifestations
of hyperparathyroidism,
which represents a
reparative cellular
process rather than a
neoplastic process.
Radiographs show well-defined,
purely lucent lesions; thinning and
expansion of cortex; pathologic
fracture (white arrow); subperiosteal
bone resorption on radial aspect of
phalanges .
41. CONCLUSION
Primary benign bone tumors are more common than
malignancies in children and adolescents.
By paying attention to the age of the patient, location
of the lesion, and radiographic characteristics, the
radiologist can narrow the differential diagnosis,
which helps to guide clinical management, preventing
unnecessary patient anxiety and medical intervention.
Treatment options: None if asymptomatic; intralesional steroids for large cysts; surgery with curettage and bone grafting
Treatment options: Curettage and bone grafting, with a recurrence rate of 12%–30%1
Treatment: No-touch lesion
Treatment: Excise only if they cause complications (eg, mucocele) or mass effect (functional or cosmetic impairment).
Biopsy is often required to differentiate it from osteosarcoma (if the lesion involves long bone).
Treatment options: Radical surgical excision; preoperative embolization to reduce bleeding risk; percutaneous ablation
Treatment options: None for small incidental lesions; marginal and/or wide resection for large symptomatic lesions; sarcoma follow-up if histologic finding shows low-grade chondrosarcoma.
25%–30% risk of chondrosarcoma at 40 years2
Treatment: Watchful waiting; biopsy if there is growth after the adjacent growth plate closure; remove exostoses causing complications and if cartilage cap is more than 1.5 cm (approximately 3%–5% risk for developing chondrosarcoma4)
Pathologic finding: Mature adipocytes without admixed hematopoietic tissue or bone trabeculae
Complications: Pathologic compression fracture; epidural extension with cord compression
Treatment: None if asymptomatic
Treatment: Usually undergoes spontaneous resolution; if symptoms persist, excision and curettage
Treatment options: Surgical curettage, bone grafting and antibiotic therapy