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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Paramedic Care: Principles & Practice
Volume 1, 5e
Chapter 6
Public Health
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Standard
• Public Health
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Competency
• Applies fundamental knowledge of principles of
public health and epidemiology, including public
health emergencies, health promotion, and illness
and injury prevention.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Introduction
• EMS providers drawn to EMS to make
contribution to society and those in need.
• Respond to scenes of crisis and tragedy; excited
when critically ill or injured patient improves after
receiving emergency medical care.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Basic Principles of Public Health
• Public health: science and practice of protecting
and improving health of a community.
– Use of preventive medicine
– Health education
– Control of communicable diseases
– Application of sanitary measures
– Monitoring of environmental hazards
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Basic Principles of Public Health
• Strong medical oversight of both public health and
EMS.
• Educate emergency care and public health
providers about roles.
• Recognition of role of and commitment to develop
and maintain relationships between leaders of
component groups.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Basic Principles of Public Health
• Bring community stakeholders into planning
process.
• Create disaster plans developed locally; public
health and emergency care; drill repeatedly.
• Pursue and secure funding.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Figure 6-1 An overview of public health.
(Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Accomplishments in Public Health
• Vaccination
• Motor vehicle safety
• Safer workplaces
• Control of infectious diseases
• Decline in deaths from coronary artery disease
and stroke
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Accomplishments in Public Health
• Safer and healthier foods
• Healthier mothers and babies
• Family planning
• Fluoridation of drinking water
• Recognition of tobacco as health hazard
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Public Health Laws
• Illness and prevention
• Police powers for public health agencies
• Epidemiological tools
– 2009: Public Health Law Research Program (PHLRP).
 Aids public health entities in promoting effective regulatory and
legal solutions to public health problems.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Epidemiology
• Epidemiology
– Incidence and prevalence of disease in large
populations
– Source and causes of epidemics of infectious disease
– Frequency and pattern of health events that occur in a
population
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Epidemiology
• Concepts
– Years of productive life
– Injury (unintentional or intentional)
– Injury risk
– Injury surveillance program
– Primary prevention
– Secondary prevention
– Tertiary prevention
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Epidemiology
• Major Roles in Public Health Practice
– Public health surveillance
– Field investigation
– Analytic studies
– Evaluation
– Linkage
– Policy development
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Epidemiology
• EMS Public Health Strategies
– Roles for EMS in Public Health
 Health promotion
 Disease surveillance
 Disaster management
 Injury prevention
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Public Health and EMS
• EMS personnel prime candidates to be advocates
of injury prevention.
• EMS providers perform CPR and other life-saving
procedures.
• EMS providers widely distributed in population;
reflect composition of their communities.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Public Health and EMS
• Organizational Commitment
– Protection of EMS providers
– Education of EMS providers
– Data collection
– Financial support
– Empowerment of EMS providers
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Figure 6-4 EMS in the United States needs to be proactive in public education programs.
(Dr. Bryan E. Bledsoe)
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Public Health and EMS
• EMS Provider Commitment
– Standard Precautions
– Physical fitness
– Stress management
– Seeking professional care
– Driving safety
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Figure 6-5 Disease prevention starts with health care workers.
(Photo: Dr. Bryan E. Bledsoe)
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Public Health and EMS
• EMS Provider Commitment
– Scene safety:
 Safety is always first priority.
 Attention on response and equipment that will be needed
 Do not approach dangerous scenes until law enforcement has
arrived and deemed the scene safe.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Figure 6-6 Every paramedic should have the appropriate safety equipment readily available and
in good repair.
(© Ken Kerr)
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Public Health and EMS
• EMS Provider Commitment
– Scene safety:
 Traffic, road conditions, hazards
 Wear reflective clothing.
 Precautions in place, approach patients with your own safety in
mind.
 All crew members should be restrained while ambulance in
motion.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention
– Infants and children:
 One of every three deaths among children in U.S. results from
injury.
 Motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian or bicycle injuries, burns,
falls, firearms
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention
– Motor vehicle collisions:
 Responsible for more than half of all deaths from unintentional
injuries
 Alcohol use factor in about half of all motor vehicle fatalities.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention
– Geriatric patients:
 Falls responsible for largest number of preventable injuries for
persons over 75.
 Some may suffer from some degree of dementia.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention
– Work and recreation hazards:
 22%: back injuries; disabling injuries.
 22%: injuries to eyes, hands, fingers.
 Sports injuries common.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention
– Medications:
 Taken improperly; taken by others
 Following physician's, pharmacist's, label directions imperative.
– Early discharge
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Implementation of Prevention Strategies
– Preserve safety of response team
– Recognize scene hazards
– Document findings
– Engage in on-scene education
– Know your community resources
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Implementation of Prevention Strategies
– Conduct community needs assessment:
 Childhood and flu immunizations
 Prenatal and well-baby clinics
 Elder-care clinics
 Defensive driving classes
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Prevention in the Community
• Implementation of Prevention Strategies
– Conduct community needs assessment:
 Workplace safety courses
 Health clinics
 Prevention information on your agency's website
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Summary
• Each member of EMS shares responsibility of
promoting wellness and preventing illness and
injury among coworkers and community.
• EMS services have gone beyond traditional
treatment-and-transport-only.
Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Summary
• Commonplace for EMS services to offer programs
to public.
• Partner with members of community to make
everyone more aware of how to prevent avoidable
illness and injury.

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Bledsoe v1 ch06_lecture

  • 1. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Paramedic Care: Principles & Practice Volume 1, 5e Chapter 6 Public Health
  • 2. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Standard • Public Health
  • 3. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Competency • Applies fundamental knowledge of principles of public health and epidemiology, including public health emergencies, health promotion, and illness and injury prevention.
  • 4. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Introduction • EMS providers drawn to EMS to make contribution to society and those in need. • Respond to scenes of crisis and tragedy; excited when critically ill or injured patient improves after receiving emergency medical care.
  • 5. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Basic Principles of Public Health • Public health: science and practice of protecting and improving health of a community. – Use of preventive medicine – Health education – Control of communicable diseases – Application of sanitary measures – Monitoring of environmental hazards
  • 6. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Basic Principles of Public Health • Strong medical oversight of both public health and EMS. • Educate emergency care and public health providers about roles. • Recognition of role of and commitment to develop and maintain relationships between leaders of component groups.
  • 7. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Basic Principles of Public Health • Bring community stakeholders into planning process. • Create disaster plans developed locally; public health and emergency care; drill repeatedly. • Pursue and secure funding.
  • 8. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Figure 6-1 An overview of public health. (Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
  • 9. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Accomplishments in Public Health • Vaccination • Motor vehicle safety • Safer workplaces • Control of infectious diseases • Decline in deaths from coronary artery disease and stroke
  • 10. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Accomplishments in Public Health • Safer and healthier foods • Healthier mothers and babies • Family planning • Fluoridation of drinking water • Recognition of tobacco as health hazard
  • 11. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Public Health Laws • Illness and prevention • Police powers for public health agencies • Epidemiological tools – 2009: Public Health Law Research Program (PHLRP).  Aids public health entities in promoting effective regulatory and legal solutions to public health problems.
  • 12. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Epidemiology • Epidemiology – Incidence and prevalence of disease in large populations – Source and causes of epidemics of infectious disease – Frequency and pattern of health events that occur in a population
  • 13. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Epidemiology • Concepts – Years of productive life – Injury (unintentional or intentional) – Injury risk – Injury surveillance program – Primary prevention – Secondary prevention – Tertiary prevention
  • 14. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Epidemiology • Major Roles in Public Health Practice – Public health surveillance – Field investigation – Analytic studies – Evaluation – Linkage – Policy development
  • 15. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Epidemiology • EMS Public Health Strategies – Roles for EMS in Public Health  Health promotion  Disease surveillance  Disaster management  Injury prevention
  • 16. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Public Health and EMS • EMS personnel prime candidates to be advocates of injury prevention. • EMS providers perform CPR and other life-saving procedures. • EMS providers widely distributed in population; reflect composition of their communities.
  • 17. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Public Health and EMS • Organizational Commitment – Protection of EMS providers – Education of EMS providers – Data collection – Financial support – Empowerment of EMS providers
  • 18. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Figure 6-4 EMS in the United States needs to be proactive in public education programs. (Dr. Bryan E. Bledsoe)
  • 19. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Public Health and EMS • EMS Provider Commitment – Standard Precautions – Physical fitness – Stress management – Seeking professional care – Driving safety
  • 20. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Figure 6-5 Disease prevention starts with health care workers. (Photo: Dr. Bryan E. Bledsoe)
  • 21. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Public Health and EMS • EMS Provider Commitment – Scene safety:  Safety is always first priority.  Attention on response and equipment that will be needed  Do not approach dangerous scenes until law enforcement has arrived and deemed the scene safe.
  • 22. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Figure 6-6 Every paramedic should have the appropriate safety equipment readily available and in good repair. (© Ken Kerr)
  • 23. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Public Health and EMS • EMS Provider Commitment – Scene safety:  Traffic, road conditions, hazards  Wear reflective clothing.  Precautions in place, approach patients with your own safety in mind.  All crew members should be restrained while ambulance in motion.
  • 24. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention – Infants and children:  One of every three deaths among children in U.S. results from injury.  Motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian or bicycle injuries, burns, falls, firearms
  • 25. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention – Motor vehicle collisions:  Responsible for more than half of all deaths from unintentional injuries  Alcohol use factor in about half of all motor vehicle fatalities.
  • 26. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention – Geriatric patients:  Falls responsible for largest number of preventable injuries for persons over 75.  Some may suffer from some degree of dementia.
  • 27. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention – Work and recreation hazards:  22%: back injuries; disabling injuries.  22%: injuries to eyes, hands, fingers.  Sports injuries common.
  • 28. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Areas Where EMS Can Be Active in Prevention – Medications:  Taken improperly; taken by others  Following physician's, pharmacist's, label directions imperative. – Early discharge
  • 29. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Implementation of Prevention Strategies – Preserve safety of response team – Recognize scene hazards – Document findings – Engage in on-scene education – Know your community resources
  • 30. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Implementation of Prevention Strategies – Conduct community needs assessment:  Childhood and flu immunizations  Prenatal and well-baby clinics  Elder-care clinics  Defensive driving classes
  • 31. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Prevention in the Community • Implementation of Prevention Strategies – Conduct community needs assessment:  Workplace safety courses  Health clinics  Prevention information on your agency's website
  • 32. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Summary • Each member of EMS shares responsibility of promoting wellness and preventing illness and injury among coworkers and community. • EMS services have gone beyond traditional treatment-and-transport-only.
  • 33. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bryan E. Bledsoe Richard A. Cherry Robert S. Porter Summary • Commonplace for EMS services to offer programs to public. • Partner with members of community to make everyone more aware of how to prevent avoidable illness and injury.

Editor's Notes

  1. Discussion Topics With the students, list injuries and illnesses that could be reduced through preventive medicine.
  2. Discussion Topic Use the example of texting and driving as a cause of injury that is preventable. Ask the students what other causes of injury/illness are preventable.
  3. Class Activities Have the students list all of the prevention programs they have attended or that they know exist.
  4. Critical Thinking Questions What would happen in a catastrophic event if there were no public health laws? How would patient care and your safety be affected?  
  5. Class Activities Arrange for a member of your local public health agency to come to class to lecture on the beginnings of disease incidence.
  6. Discussion Topics Discuss with the students how patient outcome would be affected if providers were not properly prepared to treat a presenting injury/illness.
  7. Class Discussion Review FirstWatch® with the students, so they can observe the real-time data application.
  8. Critical Thinking Questions What would happen to your ability as a provider to prevent illness or injury if the tools you required for the job were not available? How can you stress the importance of prevention to your employer?
  9. Class Discussion Have the students make a list of possible prevention programs for every listed area of need.
  10. Knowledge Application For homework, have the students compare the areas of need they listed to what is actually available in their area.
  11. Teaching Tip List the community resources available in your area; if available, pull up statistics on before-and-after prevention programs.