7. 7
Endergonic Reactions
Chemical reaction that
requires a net input of
energy.
Photosynthesis
6CO2+ 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
SUN
photons
Light
Energy
(glucose)
8. 8
Exergonic Reactions
Chemical reactions that
releases energy
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O+ ATP
(glucose)
Energy
11. 11
Two Types of Metabolism
Anabolic
Pathways
Catabolic
Pathways
12. 12
Anabolic Pathway
Metabolic reactions, which
consume energy (endergonic), to
build complicated molecules from
simpler compounds.
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
SUN
light
energy
(glucose)
13. 13
Catabolic Pathway
Metabolic reactions which release
energy (exergonic) by breaking
down complex molecules in simpler
compounds
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
(glucose)
energy
17. 17
Breaking the Bonds of ATP
Process is called
phosphorylation
Occurs continually
in cells
Enzyme ATP-ase
can weaken &
break last PO4
bond releasing
energy & free PO4
18. 18
How does ATP work ?
Organisms use enzymes to
break down energy-rich
glucose to release its
potential energy
This energy is trapped and
stored in the form of
adenosine triphosphate(ATP)
19. 19
How Much ATP Do Cells Use?
It is estimated
that each cell
will generate
and consume
approximately
10,000,000
molecules of
ATP per second
20. 20
Coupled Reaction - ATP
The exergonic
hydrolysis of ATP
is coupled with
the endergonic
dehydration
process by
transferring a
phosphate group
to another
molecule.
H2O
H2O
21. 21
Hydrolysis of ATP
ATP + H2O ADP + P
(exergonic)
Hydrolysis
(add water)
P P P
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
P P P
+
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
23. 23
Dehydration of ATP
ADP + P ATP + H2O
(endergonic)
P P P
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
P P P
+
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
Dehydration
(Remove H2O