3. WHAT IS A CIRCADIAN RHYTHM?
A circadian rhythm is a natural process governing
physiological and behavioral changes.
The term circadian comes from the Latin phrase “circa
diem,” which means “around a day.”
The circadian rhythm is entrained for 24 hours in the
human body and is commonly referred to as the body’s
biological clock.
One of the most essential and well-known circadian
rhythms is the sleep-wake cycle. Humans' sleep-wake
cycle responds to environmental cues of light and
darkness and synchronizes cellular activities with the solar
day.
It does this by stimulating the suprachiasmatic nucleus in
the hypothalamus to release hormones, such as serotonin,
7. MELATONIN
Melatonin is a natural hormone that’s mainly
produced by your pineal gland in your brain.
Melatonin is a hormone that your brain produces in
response to darkness. It helps with the timing of
your circadian rhythms (24-hour internal clock) and
with sleep. Being exposed to light at night can block
melatonin production.
Researchers and scientists still have a lot to learn
about melatonin and all of its effects on the human
body. The main way melatonin affects your body is
by playing a role in your body’s circadian rhythm
and sleep-wake cycle.
8. SEROTONIN
Serotonin plays several roles in your body, including
influencing learning, memory, happiness as well as
regulating body temperature, sleep, sexual behavior
and hunger. Lack of enough serotonin is thought to
play a role in depression, anxiety, mania and other
health conditions.
Most of the serotonin found in your body is in your
gut (intestines). About 90% of serotonin is found in the
cells lining your gastrointestinal tract. It’s released into
your blood circulation and absorbed by platelets. Only
about 10% is produced in your brain.
Serotonin is made from the essential amino acid
tryptophan. An essential amino acid means it can’t be
9. SLEEP AND GROWTH HORMONE
Grwoth Hormone levels surged during night-time
sleep, with multiple increases approximately every
two hours according to some scientists. GH is
important for lipolysis and muscle growth and is
related to sleep, rising during slow-wave sleep
(SWS) and falling in late sleep.
However, during periods of sleep deprivation, GH
levels failed to rise, rebounding following the
restoration of sleep.
10. CORTISOL
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is produced by your 2 adrenal
glands, which sit on top of each kidney. When you are stressed,
increased cortisol is released into your bloodstream. Having the right
cortisol balance is essential for your health, and producing too much
or too little cortisol can cause health problems.
Cortisol has many important functions, acting on many different parts
of your body. It can help:
your body respond to stress or danger
increase your body’s metabolism of glucose
control your blood pressure
reduce inflammation
Usually, your body produces the right amount of cortisol to keep you
healthy. If you have a condition such as Cushing’s syndrome, your
body produces too much cortisol. If you have a condition such as
Addison’s disease, your body produces too little cortisol.
13. CIRCADIAN NUTRITION
The International Journal of Obesity released a
fascinating study proving that sleep quality is related
to weight loss, not sleep quantity. Why is this? The
answer lies in 2 important hormones called Leptin and
Ghrelin.
Leptin is an appetite-suppressing hormone that
peaks when you sleep and is the hormone our fat cells
secrete. This secretion does not take place however
when we are sleep-deprived. This explains why
sometimes we are more hungry when we are sleep
deprived. Our goal should be to increase leptin to
maximum levels.
Ghrelin is opposite to leptin and is a hormone that
must be kept under control as it is secreted in the