This is a presentation on Metro Manila air pollution. The pictures and content have come from airpollutionkills.blogspot.com. It depicts the sorry state of air quality in Metro Manila and the seeming inaction of the public sector, The slide aims to educate and evoke action from the stakeholders
and evoc
Insurance Industry Impacted By Global Warming (Climate Change)suzannebadawi
How the insurance industry is impacted by global warming (climate change) by way of insurance coverage for CO2 emitters, lawsuits arising from emissions, regulations, and risk assessment in the face of more disasters. This power point provides an overview of the risks facing insurers as the climate continues to change.
This is a presentation on Metro Manila air pollution. The pictures and content have come from airpollutionkills.blogspot.com. It depicts the sorry state of air quality in Metro Manila and the seeming inaction of the public sector, The slide aims to educate and evoke action from the stakeholders
and evoc
Insurance Industry Impacted By Global Warming (Climate Change)suzannebadawi
How the insurance industry is impacted by global warming (climate change) by way of insurance coverage for CO2 emitters, lawsuits arising from emissions, regulations, and risk assessment in the face of more disasters. This power point provides an overview of the risks facing insurers as the climate continues to change.
Swamiji Sri Selvam Siddghar also known as D Commander Selvam is considered to be a living God to his followers and the authority of Vedic Astrology and Atahrva Veda in USA
Bhopal Gas Tragedy - by ALOKRANJAN.ORG.INALOK RANJAN
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy, also known as the Bhopal disaster, occurred on the night of December 2-3, 1984, in Bhopal, India. It is considered one of the world's worst industrial disasters.
**Cause and Immediate Impact:**
The disaster was caused by a leak of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas from a pesticide plant owned by Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL), a subsidiary of the American company Union Carbide Corporation (UCC). The gas leaked from a storage tank due to a combination of factors including maintenance issues, safety protocol failures, and inadequate emergency preparedness.
The gas quickly spread throughout the surrounding neighborhoods, exposing over half a million people to toxic gases. Immediate symptoms included burning sensation in the eyes, breathing difficulties, and severe irritation of the skin. Thousands of people died within days, and the long-term health effects continued to impact survivors for years.
**Casualties and Aftermath:**
Estimates of the death toll vary widely, with figures ranging from several thousand to over 20,000 deaths. Tens of thousands of people suffered permanent disabilities and health problems due to exposure to the toxic gas. The impact on the environment was also significant, with soil and water contamination affecting the area for years.
The disaster sparked global outrage and drew attention to industrial safety standards and corporate responsibility. The legal aftermath was complex and contentious, involving litigation both in India and the United States.
**Legacy and Lessons:**
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy remains a symbol of the devastating consequences of industrial negligence and the dangers of chemical industry practices. It highlighted the need for stringent safety regulations, emergency preparedness, and corporate accountability in hazardous industries.
The survivors and families affected by the tragedy continue to advocate for justice, healthcare, and environmental remediation. The disaster spurred discussions and reforms in industrial safety standards worldwide, emphasizing the importance of preventing similar catastrophes in the future.
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy: A Haunting Legacy Enduring for Decades
In the heart of India lies Bhopal, a city forever etched in the annals of global history, not for its vibrant culture or rich heritage, but for a singular, unimaginable nightmare – the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. Unfolding on the chilling night of December 2nd, 1984, the leak of highly toxic methyl isocyanate gas from the Union Carbide pesticide plant turned the city into a gas chamber, unleashing a horror story that continues to scar lives even decades later.
The Night the City Choked:
The air, once thick with the scent of spices and life, became a suffocating cloak as a cloud of invisible death slithered out of the Union Carbide factory. Panic rose like a tide, engulfing homes in a desperate frenzy for escape. Eyes stung, throats closed, lungs wheezed in agony as the gas, heavier than air, crept into every crevice, every refuge. Thousands rushed through the dark, their terrified screams swallowed by the choking air.
A Toll Beyond Counting:
The official death toll of the immediate aftermath stands at an agonizing 2,259, a number cold and sterile in the face of the human tragedy it represents. But the truth about Bhopal's carnage is far bleaker. Estimates place the actual number of lost lives anywhere between 8,000 and 16,000, with the spectre of death continuing to claim lives even today. Children born after the tragedy grapple with birth defects, genetic mutations, and crippling illnesses, a grim testament to the lingering toxicity that haunts the very soil of Bhopal.
Beyond the Immediate Onslaught:
The scars of Bhopal go far beyond the initial wave of death. Survivors were left gasping for breath, their eyes etched with the horror of watching loved ones succumb. Blindness, paralysis, skin lesions, and a host of respiratory ailments became their unwanted companions. The fear of the unknown, the constant shadow of invisible poison, poisoned their lives as surely as the gas itself.
A City Scarred:
The once bustling landscape of Bhopal now bears the silent wounds of that fateful night. Abandoned factories stand like skeletal remains, a chilling reminder of the negligence that unleashed the disaster. Contaminated water continues to poison lives, turning even the basic need for refreshment into a gamble with health. The legacy of Bhopal is not just etched on human flesh but also on the very essence of the city, a constant echo of the night the air turned deadly.
A Fight for Justice:
In the face of unimaginable suffering, the human spirit, however battered, finds its voice. The people of Bhopal rose against the tide of despair, their quest for justice echoing across continents. Lawsuits were filed, battles fought in courtrooms, and voices, hoarse from grief, demanded accountability. While the fight for justice is far from over, it has served as a beacon of hope, a testament to the unwavering spirit of a community unwilling to be forgotten.
Swamiji Sri Selvam Siddghar also known as D Commander Selvam is considered to be a living God to his followers and the authority of Vedic Astrology and Atahrva Veda in USA
Bhopal Gas Tragedy - by ALOKRANJAN.ORG.INALOK RANJAN
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy, also known as the Bhopal disaster, occurred on the night of December 2-3, 1984, in Bhopal, India. It is considered one of the world's worst industrial disasters.
**Cause and Immediate Impact:**
The disaster was caused by a leak of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas from a pesticide plant owned by Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL), a subsidiary of the American company Union Carbide Corporation (UCC). The gas leaked from a storage tank due to a combination of factors including maintenance issues, safety protocol failures, and inadequate emergency preparedness.
The gas quickly spread throughout the surrounding neighborhoods, exposing over half a million people to toxic gases. Immediate symptoms included burning sensation in the eyes, breathing difficulties, and severe irritation of the skin. Thousands of people died within days, and the long-term health effects continued to impact survivors for years.
**Casualties and Aftermath:**
Estimates of the death toll vary widely, with figures ranging from several thousand to over 20,000 deaths. Tens of thousands of people suffered permanent disabilities and health problems due to exposure to the toxic gas. The impact on the environment was also significant, with soil and water contamination affecting the area for years.
The disaster sparked global outrage and drew attention to industrial safety standards and corporate responsibility. The legal aftermath was complex and contentious, involving litigation both in India and the United States.
**Legacy and Lessons:**
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy remains a symbol of the devastating consequences of industrial negligence and the dangers of chemical industry practices. It highlighted the need for stringent safety regulations, emergency preparedness, and corporate accountability in hazardous industries.
The survivors and families affected by the tragedy continue to advocate for justice, healthcare, and environmental remediation. The disaster spurred discussions and reforms in industrial safety standards worldwide, emphasizing the importance of preventing similar catastrophes in the future.
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy: A Haunting Legacy Enduring for Decades
In the heart of India lies Bhopal, a city forever etched in the annals of global history, not for its vibrant culture or rich heritage, but for a singular, unimaginable nightmare – the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. Unfolding on the chilling night of December 2nd, 1984, the leak of highly toxic methyl isocyanate gas from the Union Carbide pesticide plant turned the city into a gas chamber, unleashing a horror story that continues to scar lives even decades later.
The Night the City Choked:
The air, once thick with the scent of spices and life, became a suffocating cloak as a cloud of invisible death slithered out of the Union Carbide factory. Panic rose like a tide, engulfing homes in a desperate frenzy for escape. Eyes stung, throats closed, lungs wheezed in agony as the gas, heavier than air, crept into every crevice, every refuge. Thousands rushed through the dark, their terrified screams swallowed by the choking air.
A Toll Beyond Counting:
The official death toll of the immediate aftermath stands at an agonizing 2,259, a number cold and sterile in the face of the human tragedy it represents. But the truth about Bhopal's carnage is far bleaker. Estimates place the actual number of lost lives anywhere between 8,000 and 16,000, with the spectre of death continuing to claim lives even today. Children born after the tragedy grapple with birth defects, genetic mutations, and crippling illnesses, a grim testament to the lingering toxicity that haunts the very soil of Bhopal.
Beyond the Immediate Onslaught:
The scars of Bhopal go far beyond the initial wave of death. Survivors were left gasping for breath, their eyes etched with the horror of watching loved ones succumb. Blindness, paralysis, skin lesions, and a host of respiratory ailments became their unwanted companions. The fear of the unknown, the constant shadow of invisible poison, poisoned their lives as surely as the gas itself.
A City Scarred:
The once bustling landscape of Bhopal now bears the silent wounds of that fateful night. Abandoned factories stand like skeletal remains, a chilling reminder of the negligence that unleashed the disaster. Contaminated water continues to poison lives, turning even the basic need for refreshment into a gamble with health. The legacy of Bhopal is not just etched on human flesh but also on the very essence of the city, a constant echo of the night the air turned deadly.
A Fight for Justice:
In the face of unimaginable suffering, the human spirit, however battered, finds its voice. The people of Bhopal rose against the tide of despair, their quest for justice echoing across continents. Lawsuits were filed, battles fought in courtrooms, and voices, hoarse from grief, demanded accountability. While the fight for justice is far from over, it has served as a beacon of hope, a testament to the unwavering spirit of a community unwilling to be forgotten.
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
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1. Values, Ethics and Business
Decisions
International MBA - Antai College of Economics & Management,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Oct 2011
Corporate Social Responsibility: The Bhopal
Gas Tragedy
2. Five Past Midnight in Bhopal
What happened on the night of
December 2nd-3rd 1984 in
Bhopal?
3. A Tragedy
Water enters IC storage tank 610. The refrigeration unit, which should
have kept the MIC close to 0°Celsius, is shut off.
The water triggers off an exothermic runaway reaction and consequently
the release of the lethal gas mixture, a poisonous cloud of MIC,
hydrogen cyanide, monomethylamine, carbon monoxide and possibly 20
other chemicals.
The cloud of gas envelops the city like an arc of over 20 square kms
before the residents could run away.
No stock of antidote is available. The composition of the poisonous
cloud is not known.
Up to 10,000 people may have died.
5. Viewed from the Context
Overconfidence in the production
technology, leading to the choice of a
dangerous process;
Overcapacity of the plant, leading to excess
storage of a dangerous product;
Bad economic performance, leading to
disinterest and disinvestment;
Bad management, leading to dangerous
cost reductions;
Insufficient safety training and standards,
leading to unskilled behaviour.
Economy
Industry
Company
Plant
Team
Human act
Causal Chain
With such a causal chain, a catastrophe is bound to occur.
It appears a criminal act due to systematic negligence.
The responsibility of the corporation is strong.
This is the perspective of survivors and activists.
6. Economy
Industry
Company
Plant
Team
Viewed from the Act
An act of sabotage, leading to an
un-expectable event;
A negligent worker, leading to a
breach of standards;
An uncontrolled subsidiary,
leading to an independent event;
An event with low probability (a
100% safe plant does not exist).
Human act
With such a causal chain, the accident appears contingent and non-
intentional.
Employees’ responsibility is primary;
The responsibility of the CEO is residual.
This is the perspective of Union Carbide legal counsel.
Causal Chain
7. Business consequences
UCC filed a counter-suit against the Indian government and
the state of Medhya Pradesh.
UC paid $470 million in 1989, following a settlement by the
Indian Supreme Court; the settlement led to an increase of
stock value of 2$ per share.
In 2001, the Bhopal court summoned Warren Anderson for
“homicide in a criminal case”; He never appeared in the court.
UC shares in UCIL were sold in 1994. This contributed to fund
a 500 bed hospital UC was requested to build.
In 1998, the land, which was leased, was returned without
decontamination to the MP government.
8. Human Consequences
Total dead toll today is > 30,000 people
Over 500,000 people suffer multi-systemic injuries.
10-15 people continue to die each month from illnesses related to
exposure to the toxic gases.
Most common symptoms: breathlessness; loss of appetite; pain;
menstrual irregularities; recurrent fever; persistent cough; neurological
disorders; fatigue; weakness; anxiety and depression.
The children of the survivors have various medical problems, including
lower IQ’s, respiratory problems and menstrual irregularities.
Research findings on chromosomal aberrations suggest that future
generations of the survivors will be affected.
The 1989 settlement of $470 million was made without any consultation
with the survivors. Average pay out for personal injury was barely enough
money to cover medical expenses for 5 years. Many of these people and
their children will be sick all their lives.
25 years after, the tragedy continues
9. Environmental Consequences
Union Carbide abandoned the factory and left behind large
quantities of dangerous poisons.
Today, the site is heavily contaminated with mercury and
pesticides and other toxic products.
Communities in the neighbourhood are consuming heavily
contaminated water.
10.
11.
12. Three Unfulfilled Wishes
That the victims are fairly compensated for
the damage;
That the environmental damage has been
repaired;
That everything has been done for such a
tragedy never to happen again.
13. Corporate Social Responsibility
In 2001, Dow Chemical bought Union Carbide for $9.3
billion. Dow became the largest chemical company in
the world.
What are the responsibilities of Dow Chemical with
regards to the Bhopal tragedy?
What Dow Chemical could do about Bhopal?
14. A Word from Dow
We respect that for some people, responsibility for this accident
continues to be an unresolved issue. This doesn't change the
facts that we inherited no responsibility. Still, some people would
have us take action to resolve their concerns. But, we are aware
of potentially significant legal risks associated with such actions
and we will not compromise our obligation to protect our
shareholder interests.
William Stavropoulos, CEO
15. A Word of a Survivor
The happiness of selfless service is greater
than all happiness
Rayeesa Bee
16. Questions for Meditation
Who benefits?
Who suffers?
Who loves?
To pay tribute, share their pain and give our love