Bhopal 1984
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The document discusses the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy in India, one of the worst industrial disasters in history. On December 3, 1984, over 40 tons of toxic methyl isocyanate gas leaked from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, killing thousands and injuring hundreds of thousands. The gas exposure caused respiratory issues, cancer, and reproductive harm. While the Indian government and people initially supported the plant, there was little safety regulation and failures in equipment and safety systems led to the disaster. Union Carbide was found responsible for lapses in safety. The situation in Bhopal remains unresolved with environmental contamination and health issues continuing today.
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The document discusses the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy in India, one of the worst industrial disasters in history. On December 3, 1984, over 40 tons of toxic methyl isocyanate gas leaked from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, killing thousands and injuring hundreds of thousands. The gas exposure caused respiratory issues, cancer, and reproductive harm. While the Indian government and people initially supported the plant, there was little safety regulation and failures in equipment and safety systems led to the disaster. Union Carbide was found responsible for lapses in safety. The situation in Bhopal remains unresolved with environmental contamination and health issues continuing today.
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The document summarizes the 1984 Bhopal disaster in India. A leak of methyl isocyanate gas from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal killed over 8,000 people immediately and severely affected around 200,000 people total through exposure. To this day, the site has not been fully remediated and continues to leak toxic chemicals, impacting the people of Bhopal.
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Bhopal 1984
- 2. BHOPAL FELAKETİ 03.12.1984 -MIC Gaz sızıntısı-
- 4. BHOPAL NERESİDİR? Bhopal şehri , Hindistan’nın Madhya Paradesh Eyaleti’nin merkezidir. Hindistanın Merkez şehri olan New Delhi’den Güney 360 mil uzaklıkta ve nüfusunun bugün 1.5 milyon kişiye ulaştığı bir şehirdir.
- 5. TARİHÇE Union Carbide Corporation ( UCC) adlı şirket Bhopal’de Pestisit( Sevin) üretmek üzere 1969 yılında Hintli yatırımcılar ile ortak bir fabrika kurdu. Artan talep üzerine 1979 yılında MIC ( Metilizosiyanat ) üretimi buna eklendi.
- 6. TANIMLAMA 3 Aralık sabah 1 ,1984 ; içerisinde 42 Ton Metilizosiyanat(MIC) bulunan tankere su girdi. Gaz halini alan madde Tankerden sızarak,o an da 3,800 ve sonraki günlerde ise toplamda 15.000 – 20.000 kişinin ve oradaki diğer canlıların ölümüne sebep oldu.
- 7. Zehirli Gazdan dolayı 1984 sonrası 20 yıldır ölümler devam etmekte olup , kazanın sebep olduğu kronik hastalıklarla yaşayan birçok insan mevcut. Gazdan yarım milyon insan ve fazlasının etkilendiği düşünülüyor.
- 8. Cause Of Bhopal DisasterCause Of Bhopal Disaster
- 10. OLASI NEDENLER • Bu durumun oluşmasında 2 teori öne sürüldü; 1- Suyun tankerin içine işçilerin temizliği esnasında 400 adım yukarıdaki tıkalı delikten girmiş olduğu , 2- UCC firmasının öne sürdüğü ise, suyun tankın içine bir işçi tarafından kasti konulduğu idi. SABOTAJ ( ! )
- 11. GAZ SIZINTISINA SEBEP OLAN FAKTÖRLER 1- MIC tanklarını önerilen seviyenin üzerinde doldurmak 2-Birçok güvenlik önleminin yerine getirilmemiş olması ( yetersiz bakım ) 3-Soğutma sistemlerinin maddiyatta kar amacıyla kapatılmış olması 4- Sızdıran basınç kapakları 5-Fonksiyonel olmayan su perdeleri
- 12. DİĞER FAKTÖRLER 1-Daha az masraf ile daha tehlikeli pestisit üretmek 2-Tehlikesi yüksek bir fabrikanın popülasyonu kalabalık olan bir bölgeye kurulması 3-Yetersiz güvenlik,Yetersiz acil durum prosedürleri 4-Eğitimsiz personel
- 13. SONUÇLAR !!
- 16. Kazadan hemen sonra Hastaneler MIC gaz zehirlenmesi tedavi protokolü konusunda bilgilendirilmemiş aksine etken madde gizli tutulmuştur. Sadece Semptomatik tedavi verilebilmiştir.
- 17. HÜKÜMET NE YAPTI ? Fabrikayı ulaşıma kapattı , verilerin yayınlanmasının önüne geçti. The Council of Scientific Industrial Research Verilerinin de yayınlanmasını yasakladı. UCC ve Hükümet insanların hastalıklarının MIC ‘ den kaynaklandığını reddettiler.
- 18. UCC ve HÜKÜMET Şirket 470milyon Dolar ödedi. Hükümet bir itirazda bulunmadı.
- 19. Toprakta x 6 milyon Toksik Madde