8. The current situation (World Energy Outlook 2014)
GDP is rising, but almost half of a fast-growing
population lives in extreme poverty: energy is
vital to the prospects for development
Region accounts for 13% of global population,
but only 4% of its energy demand
Poor electricity infrastructure is a key
impediment to growth
Large resource base, exploited only in part in
the case of oil, gas & coal, largely untouched
in renewables 8
9. The current situation
2/3rds of SSA without electricity access
currently
500 million people without access by 2040
Average of 60% of SSA’s energy is imported
Energy policy initiatives largely ignore trees
Energy from biological sources only 10% of global
use, but 80% in Africa
Trees provide multiple benefits - soil fertility,
water management, fruit production, fodder
production, fuelwood and timber 9
10. What is bioenergy?
Conversion of biomass resources into useful energy
carriers including heat, electricity and fuels.
10
11. Bioenergy
Woody biomass primary energy source in rural
SSA
Same biomass can be used in gasification
systems to drive machinery and generate
electricity
Different scales possible – small household
units to large industrial scale
Allied products include biofuels, both
biodiesel and ethanol
Gaining traction in many parts of SSA 11
12. Will bioenergy compete with food?
Valid concerns can be raised
Bioenergy provides income and improved
livelihoods
Trees fit well into integrated food-energy
systems
Tree growing is scalable – from agroforestry
systems on farms to large scale woodlots
12
13. In this session
Charles Jumbe – Biofuels’ role in economic
security and development
Oliver Johnson – Water, food, energy and
environment nexus
Sid Mohan – Biomass power in Sri Lanka and
EverGreen Energy
13
14. Introducing Gliricidia sepium
Widely cultivated multi-
purpose tree
Grows on wide range of
soils and rainfall zones
Easy propagation
Useful as green manure –
increases soil organic
matter and helps recycle
soil nutrients
High protein supplement
for foraging animals
14
15. Gliricidia in power generation
Highly scalable
Can be grown on farmer fields as intercrop or
plantation style
Harvested as frequent as 6 – 8 months for
biomass
Can be used in combination with other
biomass sources
Source of rural employment – over 100,000
farmers involved in Sri Lanka in 2 plants alone
Demonstrated reduction in CO2 levels 15
17. Gliricidia in Sri Lanka
Cheaper fuel source than fossil fuels
Various projects of various scales over the past
decade
Heat generation for use in factories
Small, off-grid plants for rural electrification
Large electricity generation plants that feed into
the national grid
Tokyo Cement (Power)
2 major plants – 10 MW and 5 MW
Investments upwards of $30 million
17
23. EverGreen Energy
Gliricidia already widely distributed
Major species in Malawi for increasing crop
yields in AFSP program
Massive scaling-up programs in Malawi and
Zambia already in place
23
24. Next
What are the areas where such a project can
be planned for?
What barriers or challenges do you foresee?
Who are the major stakeholders who should
be involved in this?
24
25. Next steps
Review, quantify and publicize the potential of
tree-based bioenergy
Put tree-based bioenergy into its proper place
in international and national energy policies
Develop urgently-needed energy resources for
poor people
Develop tree-based bioenergy for power
supply and electricity production for
development
Promote and develop biofuel production 25
26. Thank you
26
For more information:
Charles Jumbe - charlesjumbe@gmail.com
Oliver Johnson - oliver.johnson@sei-international.org
Sid Mohan – s.mohan@cigar.org