This document discusses the differences between meditation and Total Stress Management (TSM). It provides instructions for different meditation techniques but warns that people are often selling and buying meditation for petty reasons like stress management. TSM involves understanding stress at its root causes and treating it holistically through intellectual efforts, considering social welfare rather than just individual welfare. TSM teaches that emotional activities like meditation cannot substitute for intellectual solutions to personal and social problems. It aims for harmony of perspective, intelligence, emotions and the body through global cooperation.
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
3. “Lie down in the open on your terrace.
Focus your mind on the blue and clear
sky. Gradually the sky would enter in
you. You would have transcended mind.”
“Sit in lotus position. Let the atmosphere
in your room be free of insects, free of
dust, free of noise and free of other
distractions. You may light an incense
stick. You can have a photo or painting of
your Guru or a deity who elevates your
mood or inspires you. Then begin by
breathing slowly and observe your
breathing.”
“Sit in a lotus posture. Breathe slowly.
Focus your mind on a spot at your navel”
4. “Observe a round spot on a plane
background of the wall. Sit quietly. Let
the thoughts flow.”
The instructions vary according to the
different traditions! What is this all
about? The readers would have easily
gathered that these are the instructions
for different
‘meditation’ techniques. Everyone is
selling and buying so called ‘meditation’
in the petty and vain hope of stress
management! Hence; Beware of
“Meditation!”
What is the difference between
“meditation” and TSM? Why are
“mediation” or relaxation techniques in
great demand than TSM?
5. 1] TSM (Total Stress Management)
constitutes understanding the concept of
STRESS, going to its root causes and then
treating them in a holistic manner, as
completely as possible! This requires
active intellectual efforts by the
participants. Active intellectual
participation makes it more
difficult and less popular as compared to
relaxation programs in some form of
meditation,
pranayama, devotion, some arbitrary tips
in the management books etc. where
temporary emotional solace comes easily.
2] TSM constitutes efforts towards
simultaneous welfare of one and all and
not merely individual welfare. This
requires broadening of perspective. We
6. can call this paradigm shift. This also
makes it more difficult and less popular
because everyone is already preoccupied
and hard pressed with personal problems
of one kind or the other. Coming out of
one’s own “individual and
petty universe” is a burden for most of us,
because we fail to understand how
welfare of others would contribute to our
welfare!
3] Most of us are not aware of the concept
of STRESS. The STRESS is equated with
tension, anxiety, worry, sleeplessness,
irritability, depression, frustration etc.
Actually this is only a small and conscious
part of STRESS. STRESS is universal.
Every living being has STRESS. STRESS
is actually conscious and also
unconscious. Unconscious STRESS forms
7. a major part and is not perceived! This
leaves most of us to falsely believe that we
do not have STRESS!
4]TSM teaches that perspective, policies,
planning, execution of sound intellectual
solutions to personal and social problems
can not be substituted by un-intellectual
emotional games such as so called
meditation and so called devotion and so
called charity. It teaches that
real meditation, real devotion and real
charity are impossible in absence of
intellectual
efforts to rectify social homeostasis!
Most of us feel that it is impossible to
solve social problems and hence fail to do
our own bit in this direction.
8. Most of us have yet to appreciate that;
giving parties, donations, gifts and doing
charity in other forms though not
objectionable, can at best satisfy our ego.
Even though, there is nothing wrong in
such emotional gratification, it can not
help you to manage stress effectively!
Acquiring and spreading wisdom; so as
to solve individual and social problems;
is unique in satisfying your conscience,
i.e. your true self, but it is not easy!
5] The concept of TSM is relatively new.
The people from media, politics, religion
and other fields are not aware of TSM. It
is also true that due to the frenzy of
material success; they do not feel the
thirst of their innate self [soul] and hence
9. may not care to learn about TSM. It is
strange but true that people in scarcity
[due to frustration] and people in
abundance [due to delirious
obliviousness] are not able to quickly
grasp TSM and practice it.
6] TSM aims at harmony between
perspective, intelligence, emotions,
instincts and body; and aims at best
efforts of global welfare through laws,
rules, conventions and so on.
7] TSM firmly upholds individual
freedom to achieve total well being and
suggests us to acquire and practice such
freedom!
8] The conceptualization of TSM was
indeed a slow process. It was quite some
10. time before sufficient conviction was
developed in the accuracy and
appropriateness of TSM. This was
because TSM was not a part of already
existing tradition. It did not receive
practical support from any atheist [non-
believers] or theist [God-believers]
tradition. The
conviction had to result from one’s own
understanding and experiences.
9] The process of developing conviction
was delayed partly because of
demoralization
resulting from non acceptance by the
traditions and also their opponents!
10] Relative delay in acceptance and
publication of books due to various other
reasons! The delay in the work was
11. sometimes [though erroneously]
interpreted as God’s wish!
11] Sometimes there was apprehension
[whether justified or otherwise] of the
possibility
of being misunderstood and sabotaged.
12] Sometimes there was dominance of
asceticism and to some extent frustration
that led to inaction or non-assertion.
Sometimes this led to escapism of one sort
or the other.
13] There was many times a feeling of
uncertainty of life leading to sense of
urgency of TSM and SUPERLIVING
mission. This urgency was subjective and
obviously not shared in action; by most
12. individuals and hence the delay in the
work was further enhanced.
14] Dictatorial attitude and nurturing of
vested interests was scrupulously avoided.
It is known that most of the times the
work gets going faster because of fear or
because of
vested interest. Since both of these lacked,
mission superliving and TSM was further
delayed.
15] Lack of apparent glamour and glitter
of superficiality and pettiness. The
excitement associated with glamour and
glitter is missing in mission superliving
and TSM for an immature individual.
Hence it did not pick the fancy of even
talented individuals.
13. 16] Some of the books on TSM are
comparatively less lucid and little more
tedious. This is so because the emphasis is
given on accuracy rather than literary
qualities.
17] Everything has its own time. When
the social psyche gets ready for digesting
certain concepts (oneness of spiritualism
and materialism); they spread like wild
fire and become vogue of the day.
18] It is also possible that there are still
some inaccuracies and or deficiencies left
in TSM, which is why it is not as popular
as one would have liked it to be.
19] The personal deficiencies of the
propounder may also account for
14. inadequate spread and influence of the
TSM.
20] Inertia of the sympathizers resulting
from various reasons on the one hand and
lack of finesse and irritability of those
involved; due to urgency and impatience
on the other; probably made the progress
tardy and checkered.
21] Most importantly, the
NAMASMARAN i.e. being connected
with God has somewhere been deficient!
Let us all try to study, refine and enrich,
practice (making use of all possible
modalities; and most importantly
NAMASMARAN) and share TSM (Total
Stress Management), superliving, holistic
health; SUPERJOYOUSLY; as a
15. SUPER-TRANSACTION, in a non-
mercenary, non-commercial and non-
charity manner!
Dr. Shriniwas
Kashalikar