CONSTRUCTIVE METHODS OF PROTECTING BUILDINGS FROM SEISMIC EXPOSUREIAEME Publication
This article discusses approaches to assessing the seismic impact on the
underground parts of buildings and structures and analyzes possible measures to
minimize them.
The development of promising methods of constructive seismic protection dictated
by the imperative need and requirements of improving the safety of buildings and
structures of enhanced security is given. Without knowledge of the real geodynamic
risks (the impact of earthquakes, fluctuations in the level of groundwater), investing of
funds in seismic safety will be ineffective.
The main objective of the research is to develop a set of measures for assessing the
seismic-geotechnical situation of the construction site due to the fact that at present:
taking into account difficult ground conditions is estimated very roughly, the
seismicity of the territory is determined by averaged indicators; geodynamic data
(score) is insufficient for modeling and calculating the underground part of the
building; there is no practice of a comprehensive study of the system (the soil
foundation - the underground part - the upper structure) before and after
construction.
On the basis of detailed initial data of seismic micro zoning it is possible to
perform clarification of seismic hazard and to provide effective measures of seismic
protection of high-rise buildings. The analysis of modern methods of structural
protection of buildings in earthquake-prone areas. The classification of existing
systems of classical seismic protection on the principle of their work is presented. The
main methods are analyzed and the general conclusions and principles of seismic
protection of individual structures and buildings are formulated as a whole.
The variants of design solutions for the construction of foundations with a
separation layer, design and methods of construction of vertical and horizontal
geotechnical barriers are considered. The main advantages and disadvantages of the
described methods are given.
The main tendency of development of seismic protection of buildings is defined
and the direction of further researches is chosen: collecting and the analysis
CONSTRUCTIVE METHODS OF PROTECTING BUILDINGS FROM SEISMIC EXPOSUREIAEME Publication
This article discusses approaches to assessing the seismic impact on the
underground parts of buildings and structures and analyzes possible measures to
minimize them.
The development of promising methods of constructive seismic protection dictated
by the imperative need and requirements of improving the safety of buildings and
structures of enhanced security is given. Without knowledge of the real geodynamic
risks (the impact of earthquakes, fluctuations in the level of groundwater), investing of
funds in seismic safety will be ineffective.
The main objective of the research is to develop a set of measures for assessing the
seismic-geotechnical situation of the construction site due to the fact that at present:
taking into account difficult ground conditions is estimated very roughly, the
seismicity of the territory is determined by averaged indicators; geodynamic data
(score) is insufficient for modeling and calculating the underground part of the
building; there is no practice of a comprehensive study of the system (the soil
foundation - the underground part - the upper structure) before and after
construction.
On the basis of detailed initial data of seismic micro zoning it is possible to
perform clarification of seismic hazard and to provide effective measures of seismic
protection of high-rise buildings. The analysis of modern methods of structural
protection of buildings in earthquake-prone areas. The classification of existing
systems of classical seismic protection on the principle of their work is presented. The
main methods are analyzed and the general conclusions and principles of seismic
protection of individual structures and buildings are formulated as a whole.
The variants of design solutions for the construction of foundations with a
separation layer, design and methods of construction of vertical and horizontal
geotechnical barriers are considered. The main advantages and disadvantages of the
described methods are given.
The main tendency of development of seismic protection of buildings is defined
and the direction of further researches is chosen: collecting and the analysis
Study on Effect of Wind Load and Earthquake Load on Multi-storey RC Framed Bu...IJSRD
Now a day the increase in the construction of tall buildings, residential and commercial sector, and the new trend are towards taller and slender structures. Though the effect of wind and earthquake, forces becoming important for every structural designer to know. Every engineer is facing with the problem of providing stability, strength for loads like lateral loads. That’s the reason wind as well as earthquake loading have become the influential factors in tall buildings. Loads that are lateral loads play important role for drift. The drift must be taken into consideration for tall structure. The above mentioned are some of the key issues which affect the behavior of structure and economy of the building. This thesis focuses the effects of lateral loads on medium and tall buildings the storey forces, displacements, storey shear, story drift every part of are analyzed on every level of height on the building, Indian codal provision gives us the basic wind speed at 10m height for some important cities/towns. However it does not provide for all the cities in India. In the following work attempt is made to find the effect of lateral loads i.e. wind load and earth quake loads for various models having shear walls and without shear wall. For the study a symmetrical building plan is used with 16 storeys and 31 storeys are analyzed and designed by using structure analysis software tool ETABS-2013. The study also includes the determination of base shear, displacement, storey drift, storey forces and the results are compared with them. These parameters have also considers the effect of shear wall. In order to design a structure to resist wind and earthquake loads, the forces on the structure must be specified.
Investigating the Impact of Exterior Window Shutters on Indoor Climate Condi...Milad Karimi
Improving the thermal comfort of occupants in indoor spaces is one of the objectives of improving building construction techniques. In temperate and humid climates, window shutters are utilized as a protective shield during storms. They can also block the view from the outside environment into the room. In this study, we looked into how the inner climate condition was affected by various design patterns of these flexible envelopes. Vernacular architecture in humid and temperate climates can be used to describe different window shutter sizes and shapes. These shutters include both entirely rigid or perforated types. Window shutters are utilized as adjustable enclosures outside building windows that allow occupants to adjust their position or location. Occupants in this area frequently open windows during extreme heat to ventilate the building and enhance the inner climate.In this regard, while using natural ventilation …
Study on Effect of Wind Load and Earthquake Load on Multi-storey RC Framed Bu...IJSRD
Now a day the increase in the construction of tall buildings, residential and commercial sector, and the new trend are towards taller and slender structures. Though the effect of wind and earthquake, forces becoming important for every structural designer to know. Every engineer is facing with the problem of providing stability, strength for loads like lateral loads. That’s the reason wind as well as earthquake loading have become the influential factors in tall buildings. Loads that are lateral loads play important role for drift. The drift must be taken into consideration for tall structure. The above mentioned are some of the key issues which affect the behavior of structure and economy of the building. This thesis focuses the effects of lateral loads on medium and tall buildings the storey forces, displacements, storey shear, story drift every part of are analyzed on every level of height on the building, Indian codal provision gives us the basic wind speed at 10m height for some important cities/towns. However it does not provide for all the cities in India. In the following work attempt is made to find the effect of lateral loads i.e. wind load and earth quake loads for various models having shear walls and without shear wall. For the study a symmetrical building plan is used with 16 storeys and 31 storeys are analyzed and designed by using structure analysis software tool ETABS-2013. The study also includes the determination of base shear, displacement, storey drift, storey forces and the results are compared with them. These parameters have also considers the effect of shear wall. In order to design a structure to resist wind and earthquake loads, the forces on the structure must be specified.
Investigating the Impact of Exterior Window Shutters on Indoor Climate Condi...Milad Karimi
Improving the thermal comfort of occupants in indoor spaces is one of the objectives of improving building construction techniques. In temperate and humid climates, window shutters are utilized as a protective shield during storms. They can also block the view from the outside environment into the room. In this study, we looked into how the inner climate condition was affected by various design patterns of these flexible envelopes. Vernacular architecture in humid and temperate climates can be used to describe different window shutter sizes and shapes. These shutters include both entirely rigid or perforated types. Window shutters are utilized as adjustable enclosures outside building windows that allow occupants to adjust their position or location. Occupants in this area frequently open windows during extreme heat to ventilate the building and enhance the inner climate.In this regard, while using natural ventilation …
The Articulation of the High-Rise Residential Building Envelope: A Review fro...IJRESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : The high-rise residential building emerges as a solution to overcome the problem of the housing needs in big cities. Its presence should also be taken into consideration from the perspective of sustainability concepts. Taking into account the life cycle of a building in the context of buildings as a product of the current architectural system is a wise consideration and recommended as the environment quality keeps on declining. This study discusses the correlation between the articulations of the high-rise building envelope with the approach of the life cycle of buildings as part of sustainable design thinking. The assessment has been made through the approach of library research as a stepping stone to attain understanding. The benefit obtained from this study will support the creation of high-rise residential buildings which in terms of life cycle is supporting the environmental quality provided it is assessed from the building envelope aspect.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
“ Study of Sesmic Analysis of Masonry Wall Structure”IJERA Editor
Earthquakes are natural trouble under which disasters are mainly caused by damage or collapse of the structure and other man-made structures. When an earthquake occurs natural period of vibration is more on heavy loaded building and less in light loaded building. If the building is light weighted, i.e. steel is less then economy of structure is also achieved. Hence it is necessary to find out natural/fundamental time period when mass changes with different type of brick masonry and concrete masonry.This is necessary because IS 1893:2002 does not incorporate the effect of mass in a formula which they have mentioned for brick masonary structure. Thedesign will also analyze with ETAB software.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Rams Garden Bahcelievler - Istanbul - ListingTurkeyListing Turkey
Implemented by Rams Global in Bahcelievler, the Rams Garden Bahcelievler Apartments includes 796 residences of different types from 2+1 to 5+1.
Next to the project, which will have 33 thousand square meters of green area, there will be 42 thousand 300 square meters of woodland. There will also be a 210-meter-long pond in the landscape of the project. There are 94.5 square meters of green space per flat.
Rams Garden Bahcelievler Apartments, which has 8 times more green space than the average of Istanbul with its 33 thousand square meters of green area located within a total of 75 thousand square meters, offers various housing options from 2+1 to 5+1.RAMS Garden has brought a lifeline to the construction industry.
Rams Global, which has signed projects in many places from Dubai to Phuket and delivered more than 20 thousand residences, is now starting new projects in Istanbul.
Rams Garden Bahcelievler is located 9 minutes from Metroport AVM, 5 minutes from Marmara Forum AVM, 12 minutes from Kazlıçeşme beach, 9 minutes from Yıldız Technical University, 7 minutes from Istinye University, 9 minutes from Ramada Hotel and Medicana Hospital.
https://listingturkey.com/property/rams-garden-bahcelievler-apartments/
Simpolo Tiles & Bathware
Tile ho,
toh Simpolo.
Since the first steps were taken in 1977, Simpolo Ceramics has carved its niche as a consistently growing organisation with unparalleled innovation and passion rooted in simplicity.
We endure gratification for every experience we offer, created to share something meaningful. It may not resonate with the majority, but that makes us a class apart. If only a handful were to understand the purpose of our existence, we would be proud to have found our believers. Rather, people with whom we can share our beliefs.
VISUALIZER
Design your space in your style with our very own Visualizer. Now, you can choose the tiles of your liking from our wide selection and see how they would look in a space. Select the tile from the multiple options and the visualiser will replace the surfaces in the image with the selected tiles. This way, instead of just your imagination, you can choose the tiles for your place by getting an actual picture of how they would look in a space. So, design your space the way you desire digitally and implement it in real life to get the best results!
You can also share this visualiser with others to help them design their space.
Committed to delighting customers with world-class ceramic products and services. Make Simpolo synonymous with the best quality and set new benchmarks of excellence for all stakeholders. Pursue best business practices with utmost integrity to make Simpolo an exciting organisation to work with, for vendors, channel partners, investors and employees alike.
Gain worldwide recognition in the field of ceramic building products through Research and Innovation and bring an enhanced lifestyle within reach for every household.
Dynamics 365 Bid Management for Construction ProjectsDynamic Netsoft
This PDF provides a straightforward guide to using Dynamics 365 for efficient bid management in construction projects. Learn how to streamline processes, improve accuracy, and enhance productivity with practical tips and step-by-step instructions.
https://dnetsoft.com/dynamics-365-bid-management-software
Presentation to Windust Meadows HOA Board of Directors June 4, 2024: Focus o...Joseph Lewis Aguirre
Presentation to Windust Meadows HOA Board of Directors June 4, 2024: Focus on Public Safety as Job #1, Engagement, Wealth of HOA, Branding, Communication, Culture, Civic Responsibility
Lixin Azarmehr, a Los Angeles-based real estate development trailblazer, co-founded JL Real Estate Development (JL RED) in 2015 and serves as its CEO. Her expertise has propelled the firm to specialize in luxury residential and mixed-use commercial projects, with a portfolio that features upscale retail spaces and sophisticated care facilities.
Investing In The US As A Canadian… And How To Do It RIGHT!! (feat. Erwin Szet...Volition Properties
=== Investing In The US As A Canadian… And How To Do It RIGHT!! (feat. Erwin Szeto) ===
Ever been curious about Real Estate Investing in the US?? At Volition, for the past 14 years, we have been focused on helping investors invest in over $250M of real estate and generate $100M of wealth in the Toronto market, but we are always open to learning more about other business models and learning from other investors.
The US has always been an intriguing market to invest in. But the US is a big place… if you’re interested in investing in the US, you probably have a lot of questions, like:
☑️ Specifically WHERE should you invest?
☑️ What are the best markets to invest in and why?
☑️ How much are property prices there?
☑️ What are the returns like?
☑️ What is cashflow like?
☑️ Compared to investing in Toronto or other cities in Ontario, what are the benefits / tradeoffs?
☑️ What ownership structure should I use?
☑️ What are the tax implications?
☑️ Can I get financing?
☑️ What are tenants like?
Enter Erwin Szeto, a longtime friend of Volition. Since 2005, Erwin Szeto and his team have navigated the challenging landscape of being landlords in Ontario. Now, they are shifting their focus and guiding their clients' investments toward the more landlord-friendly environment of the USA. This decision comes after assisting Canadian clients in transacting over $440,000,000 in income properties. Faced with issues like affordability constraints, tenant-friendly laws, rent control, and rental licensing in Canada, Erwin sees a clear opportunity in the U.S. Here, there is a significant influx of investments leading to the creation of high-paying manufacturing jobs. Erwin and his clients are poised to capitalize on these opportunities where landlord rights are stronger and there is no rent control.
To facilitate this transition, Erwin has partnered with and become a client of SHARE, a one-stop-shop U.S. Asset Manager. Founded by Canadians for Canadians, SHARE enables as passive an ownership experience as possible for landlords in the U.S., while still maintaining direct, 100% ownership.
Erwin is “Making Real Estate Investing Great Again”!!
Website: https://www.infinitywealth.ca/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/iwinrealestate and https://www.facebook.com/ErwinSzetoOfficial
Podcast: https://www.truthaboutrealestateinvesting.ca/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/iwinrealestate/ and https://www.instagram.com/erwinszeto/
Serviced Apartment Ho Chi Minh For RentalGVRenting
GVRenting is the leading rental real estate company in Vietnam. We help you to find a serviced apartment for rent in Ho Chi Minh & Saigon. Discover our broad range of rental properties in Vietnam.
For more details https://gvrenting.com/
Total Environment Tangled Up In The Green - Residential Plots Where Nature an...JagadishKR1
Embark on a journey where lush landscapes and contemporary living converge at Total Environment's Tangled Up In The Green Residential Plots in Devanahalli, Bangalore. Surrounded by verdant expanses, these plots offer an idyllic setting for your dream home. Immerse yourself in the serenity of nature while enjoying the finest amenities and design, where every moment is a harmonious blend of luxury and tranquility.
Sense Levent Kagithane Catalog - Listing TurkeyListing Turkey
Sense Levent offers a luxurious living experience in the heart of Istanbul’s vibrant Levent district.
This cutting-edge development seamlessly integrates modern design with natural elements, featuring live evergreen plants maintained by an advanced irrigation system, ensuring lush greenery year-round.
The building’s elegant ceramic balconies are both stylish and durable, enhancing the overall aesthetic and functionality. Residents can enjoy the 700m Sky Lounge, which provides breathtaking views of Istanbul and a perfect space to relax and unwind.
Sense Levent promotes a healthy and active lifestyle with a full gym, swimming pool, sauna, and steam room, all available in the building. The interiors are crafted with high-quality materials, ensuring a luxurious and inviting living space.
Designed with young professionals in mind, Sense Levent features 1+1 and 2+1 units with smart floor plans and balconies. The project promises high investment returns, with an expected annual return of 6.5-7%, significantly above Istanbul’s average ROI.
Located in the rapidly growing and highly desirable Levent area, the development benefits from ongoing urban regeneration projects. Its prime location offers proximity to shopping malls, municipal buildings, universities, and public transportation, adding immense value to your investment.
Early investors can take advantage of discounted units during the construction phase, with an expected capital appreciation of +45% USD upon completion. Property Turkey provides comprehensive rental management services, ensuring a seamless and profitable investment experience.
Additionally, robust legal support and significant tax advantages are available through Property Turkey’s licensed Real Estate Investment Fund. Levent is a dynamic urban hub, ideal for young professionals with its numerous corporate headquarters and shopping malls.
Sense Levent is more than just a residence; it’s a place where dreams and opportunities come to life. Contact us today to secure your place in this exclusive development and experience the best of Istanbul living. Sense Levent: Sense the Opportunity. Live the Dream.
https://listingturkey.com/property/sense-levent/
Omaxe Sports City Dwarka stands out as a premier residential and recreational destination, offering a blend of luxury and sports-centric living. Located in the thriving area of Dwarka, this project by Omaxe Limited is designed to cater to modern lifestyle needs while promoting a healthy, active living environment.
500 acres of brilliance await you here at Riverview City which offers modern living, effortless convenience, and a beautiful natural setting. It is a mega township by Magarpatta City in Loni Kalbhor, Pune. Enjoy easy access to work, schools, and fun while experiencing a perfect work-life balance.
Visit - magarpattacity.developerprojects.in
Discover Yeni Eyup Evleri 2, nestled among the rising values of Eyupsultan, offering the epitome of modern living in Istanbul.
With its spacious living areas, contemporary architecture, and meticulous details, Yeni Eyup Evleri 2 is poised to be the star of your happiest moments. Situated in the new favorite district of Eyupsultan, claim your spot and unlock the doors to a peaceful life alongside your loved ones. Nestled next to the historical and natural beauties of Eyupsultan, embrace the comfort of modern living and rediscover life.
Social Amenities:
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With 1+1, 2+1, and 3+1 apartment options, Yeni Eyup Evleri 2 is designed with first-class materials and craftsmanship. The doors to a safe and comfortable life are here! Choose the option that suits you best and step into your dream home.
Project:
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Your home is positioned in a privileged location, providing easy access to the city center, shopping malls, restaurants, schools, and other important places.
Yeni Eyup 2 offers 1+1, 2+1, and 3+1 apartment options designed to meet different needs. Find an option suitable for every lifestyle and open the doors to a comfortable life in your dream home.
https://listingturkey.com/property/yeni-eyup-evleri-2/
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Revenue Keys- Begur Village Survey-Sketchrevenuekeys
Find Land Survey Number View A Begur village Begur Hobli Bangalore The Revenue Department of Karnataka By The Survey Sketch Made Citizen Simple Easy to Find Survey Number,s
6. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
7. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
8. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
9. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
10. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
11. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
12. AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE (1) Cornick, S. and Rousseau, M.Z., “ Understanding the Severity of Climate Loads for Moisture-related Design of Walls ”, IRC Building Science Insight 2003 Seminar Series, Toronto, CA, Oct. 2003, pp.1 “ The fundamental function of the building envelope is its separation of the outside and the inside environments so that indoor conditions can be controlled to meet many requirements (for example, comfort and energy efficiency). The design and construction of durable, efficient walls requires consideration of climate loads to which these building components will be exposed. A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of country may not perform adequately in another. This is because although the building physics do not change, the heat, air, and moisture control strategies may need to integrate different levels of redundancy for different climate conditions. The severity of the climate for a building site cannot be changed, but it needs to be integrated in the design of the wall assemblies. Understanding the climate loads acting on building components is an important step towards effective design of moisture management strategies .” (1)
35. WHERE TO USE RAINSCREENS Rainscreen systems (drainage planes with ventilated air spaces) should be used whenever average rainfall is greater than 40 inches.” Joseph Lstiburek, Ph.D,, P.Eng. Building Science Corp.
Welcome Personal introduction Recognition / acknowledgement of host Express appreciation of their taking time from their busy schedule to attend this CEU (Continuing Education Unit) focused on “Moisture Management in Sidewall Construction”. Reiterate that their attendance this is good for 1 credit in the Health Safety & Welfare [HS&W] category. No test is necessary. Pass around a “sign-in” sheet (available on-line from AIA). Ask them to please PRINT their name and, if they would like credit to be recorded with AIA for Continuing Ed, please provide their AIA number as well. Inform them that for those in attendance who are NOT members but who would still like to receive a certificate of completion, please ask them to indicate as such on the sign-in sheet.
It is NOT necessary to say anything about this slide. ( I often skip past this altogether.)
Read these S-L-O-W-L-Y. Although they seem elementary, by reading them slowly it will help the attendees disengage themselves from the busyness of their day and to focus on the topic at hand. To the end of the 3 rd bullet point, add “where warranted”.
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
(Ask for permission of the attendees to read this quote. Read the paragraph slowly to allow the info to stick) : “ Permit me to READ this first important slide. It is an except from a study published by the IRC which is the research arm of CMHC---The Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation---the leading code body in Canada. It will help to establish a common point of reference that will be foundational to our understanding as the presentation evolves.” Once you’ve read it through completely, call their attention to this important sentence… “ A wall assembly that is trouble-free in one area of the country may not perform adequately in another”. Make the following statement: “To illustrate the importance of this, let me ask the following question”: What does Reno, Nevada and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, have in common?” (Allow them 5-10 seconds to think. Some may offer an answer or two.) Answer: CASINOS. However, one thing they DON’T have in common is RAIN ! Reno receives about 4” of rain per year, whereas Baton Rouge often receives 4” of rain per hour! Yet the casinos built in Baton Rouge in the last 7 years were almost identical to the ones built in Reno a decade before. And excessive moisture intrusion severely compromised the structural integrity of much of the assemblies of those casinos resulting in failure long before the brunt of the Katrina’s fury hit !
This Detail Shows: Principles of Moisture Movement dictate that moisture migrates from areas of HIGH HUMIDITY to areas of LOW HUMIDITY, from WARM to COLD. In some areas of the country, such as the South, this may be a bigger issue problem than in others, such as New England for example. However, it has often been said by leading Building Scientists that moisture intrusion as a result of vapor diffusion can best be measured in spoonfuls. Whereas moisture intrusion as the result of…(advance to next slide)
… Wind Driven Rain can best be measured in BUCKET-FULLS ! Wind driven rain is the real culprit in most cases. “ In addition to joints and laps, hose bibs, utility cutouts, and dryer vents can be a major source of entry where the caulk has failed under the UV (Ultra-violet) load or the settling of the house. All that is needed is a gap 1/64” inch for rain to be driven in.
So not only do we have a wind-load driving water into the wall, we also have simple physics actually siphoning or drawing the water in.
A break-down in the surface is often only an outward manifestation of larger problem inside the wall assembly.
This photo shows when a problem is no longer a “punch-list” item. Now it’s often a “Health, Safety and Welfare” problem! Mold claims have driven insurance premiums for builders through the roof. For every $1.00 in premiums collected, insurers have had to pay out $3.00 in claims as of the end of 2005. It is projected to climb to $7.00 by 2007. Hence the reason for the huge increases in premiums witnessed by contractors in the last 36 months.
Read through the bullet points on the slide. After reading thru this, Add mold needs a food source and moisture to grow. The cellulose in the wood and paper faced gypsum provides the food and the moisture is present in the relative humidity. An Rh of 70% provides a perfect petri-dish.
Again, read these slowly. Often referred to as the “4-D’s of Moisture Management.” An example of deflections : over-hangs Drying (add): “and a mechanism whereby the rate of drying exceeds the rate of wetting . If the rate of wetting exceeds the rate of drying, accumulation occurs. This is a basic principle of moisture management which leading building scientists subscribe to.
No speaker notes.
In simplest terms, when you create an 1/8” airspace (or 125 mil) between the cladding and the shear wall you create a capillary break that neutralizes the ability of the wall to siphon water in during a rain event. That’s what differentiates a rainscreen from a drain-screen . Enhanced WRBs with ribs, crinkles or dimples may provide better drainage compared to a regular WRB however they don’t provide the minimum air-space necessary to create a capillary break. The greatest thickness of any WRB only measures only 15 - 18 mils in height!
This map shows rain fall regions across North America. Leading Building Scientists recommend that rainscreen assemblies be used wherever the annual rain fall exceeds 40” Point out the region the viewer is in, noting how much rainfall occurs in their locale The basic difference between a vented rainscreen and a fully ventilated drain-screen is that a vented drainscreen is only open at the bottom, to weep out accumulated water. A fully ventilated drain-screen is open at the bottom as well as the top allowing for air to enter in thru the top opening and flush the system in a convective fashion providing the maximum air for drainage & drying. Remember, the basic principle cited earlier that “ the rate of drying must exceed the rate of wetting”. Air movement is required for drying to take place.
Ask audience about the disadvantages of installing a rainscreen wall in this way
Make note of the disadvantages above Another downsides of this practice is that 15 – 18 % of the wall is not ventilated as a result of the 1x3 furring 16” o.c. Even though the cost of the furring is relatively cheap, because of the labor to properly install the system, it typically costs around $1.25 The cost goes up significantly when ripped-down pressure treated CDX is used. $2.00 per sq ft is a common figure used by contractors when you figure the cost of anti-corrosive fasteners and labor into the equation
Shown here is Home Slicker. A product by Benjamin Obdyke and an example of “void space technology”. (Omit if presenting a true AIA presentation) It is proven to provide greater drainage & drying capability than wood strapping Installs in a fraction of the time Typical cost <$0.75 / sq ft 50 year warranty
Discuss the general installation sequence described in this illustration of a stucco application. Call exception to the use of a 2 nd layer of building paper used in this cutaway illustration to prevent clogging of channels by scratch-coat. (for stucco only)
Call attention to the use of fiberglass screen cloth used to prevent bugs / spiders from nesting in behind siding. This is a practice used with rain screen walls that are strapped out as well. Utilize HS display board for close-up
No speaker notes.
This is “boiler-plate” language found in CSI Manu-spec format. It is self-explanatory. After this slide ask if there are any questions.
After the Q&A, I often walk the attendees through our product literature packet and use it as an opportunity to present the other additions of the HS product line. If so, open up AIA CEU Presentation – PART 2 6-04-07
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