The document summarizes Malaysia's trade performance and furniture exports from 2004-2007. Total Malaysian exports grew around 3-5% annually while furniture exports grew around 6-8% yearly over this period. The top export destinations for Malaysian furniture were the US, Japan, Australia, and others, with wooden and metal furniture comprising the majority of exports. Office and kitchen furniture saw some of the strongest export growth rates to countries like India, UAE, and Australia.
The document summarizes Malaysia's furniture trade from 2004-2007. It shows that Malaysia's total furniture exports grew from RM7.05 billion in 2004 to RM8.55 billion in 2007. The top export destination was the USA, though its share declined in 2007. Wooden furniture comprised the majority of exports, with wooden seats and office furniture being the fastest growing segments. Imports remained relatively flat during this period.
Bengkel pasaran perabot & produk kayu di antarabangsa 29 july2008-melakaClean Agent Sdn Bhd
The document summarizes Malaysia's trade performance and furniture exports from 2004-2007. Total Malaysian exports grew from RM588.97 billion in 2006 to RM605.15 billion in 2007. Furniture exports specifically grew from RM8.08 billion to RM8.55 billion over the same period. The top export destinations for Malaysian furniture were the US, Japan, Australia, and the UK. Wooden furniture made up the majority of exports, with wooden seats, kitchen furniture, and office furniture being key product types.
1. Scottish mortality diverged from other high-income nations in the mid-20th century likely due to industrial dependence, poverty, and cultural factors exacerbated by deindustrialization.
2. In the 1980s, a "Scottish Effect" emerged where Scottish mortality further diverged and could not be fully explained by deprivation alone, possibly due to a "political attack" increasing stress, violence, and substance abuse.
3. No single cause explains the mortality phenomena and recent divergence is likely influenced by politics in the 1980s and resulting cultures while downstream factors like behaviors are necessary but not sufficient explanations.
The document provides data on housing inventory and absorption rates across several cities and price ranges in Virginia. It shows the number of active listings and homes sold over the past 6 months, calculates the monthly absorption rate, and estimates the number of months it would take to sell the current inventory at that rate. For most areas and lower price points, absorption would take between 7-12 months, while higher prices and certain cities would take over a year to fully absorb the inventory.
The Dream Journey Over Xiaoxiang painting from 1170 contains 16 colophons added between 1170 and 1924, with the earliest nine written by literati for the Chan monk Yungu Yuanzhao who commissioned the work but had never visited the Xiaoxiang region depicted. The colophons embody Chan Buddhist thought and discuss the relationship between Chan and painting, with later ones by Dong Qichang and the Qianlong Emperor expressing appreciation for owning the piece, and the final one relating how it survived the 1923 Tokyo earthquake fire.
Status of shs in bangladesh spva presentationTuong Do
The document summarizes the status of solar home systems (SHS) in Bangladesh, including:
1) Over 977,000 SHS have been installed to date through a program involving the Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) and various partner organizations.
2) The program utilizes a financing structure where IDCOL provides grants and loans to partner organizations, who then sell SHS to consumers and provide financing and maintenance.
3) A recent technical audit found that SHS components generally met standards, though some manufacturers showed room for improvement in areas like battery performance and inverter efficiency.
A fair growth of 20.26% in revenue and a slim rise of 15.03% in net profit were reported by NTPC for the September 2011 quarter compared to the prior year period. Operating profit for the quarter rose 7.65% to Rs. 42024.90 million. Dr Reddy's saw a 27% increase in sales but a 37.1% decline in net profit for the quarter. Operating profit decreased 17.29% to Rs. 2698.50 million. Container Corp reported a 5.33% sales growth and 12.73% rise in operating profit to Rs. 3381.03 million for the quarter.
The environmental management report summarizes Tohoku University's environmental performance in 2008. Key points include:
- Total CO2 emissions were 100,458.5 tons, with electricity usage accounting for 74% of emissions.
- Total water usage was 17,887 cubic meters, a slight increase from the previous year.
- Waste production increased to 4,274 tons, primarily due to construction and renovation projects. The recycling rate was 54%.
The document summarizes Malaysia's furniture trade from 2004-2007. It shows that Malaysia's total furniture exports grew from RM7.05 billion in 2004 to RM8.55 billion in 2007. The top export destination was the USA, though its share declined in 2007. Wooden furniture comprised the majority of exports, with wooden seats and office furniture being the fastest growing segments. Imports remained relatively flat during this period.
Bengkel pasaran perabot & produk kayu di antarabangsa 29 july2008-melakaClean Agent Sdn Bhd
The document summarizes Malaysia's trade performance and furniture exports from 2004-2007. Total Malaysian exports grew from RM588.97 billion in 2006 to RM605.15 billion in 2007. Furniture exports specifically grew from RM8.08 billion to RM8.55 billion over the same period. The top export destinations for Malaysian furniture were the US, Japan, Australia, and the UK. Wooden furniture made up the majority of exports, with wooden seats, kitchen furniture, and office furniture being key product types.
1. Scottish mortality diverged from other high-income nations in the mid-20th century likely due to industrial dependence, poverty, and cultural factors exacerbated by deindustrialization.
2. In the 1980s, a "Scottish Effect" emerged where Scottish mortality further diverged and could not be fully explained by deprivation alone, possibly due to a "political attack" increasing stress, violence, and substance abuse.
3. No single cause explains the mortality phenomena and recent divergence is likely influenced by politics in the 1980s and resulting cultures while downstream factors like behaviors are necessary but not sufficient explanations.
The document provides data on housing inventory and absorption rates across several cities and price ranges in Virginia. It shows the number of active listings and homes sold over the past 6 months, calculates the monthly absorption rate, and estimates the number of months it would take to sell the current inventory at that rate. For most areas and lower price points, absorption would take between 7-12 months, while higher prices and certain cities would take over a year to fully absorb the inventory.
The Dream Journey Over Xiaoxiang painting from 1170 contains 16 colophons added between 1170 and 1924, with the earliest nine written by literati for the Chan monk Yungu Yuanzhao who commissioned the work but had never visited the Xiaoxiang region depicted. The colophons embody Chan Buddhist thought and discuss the relationship between Chan and painting, with later ones by Dong Qichang and the Qianlong Emperor expressing appreciation for owning the piece, and the final one relating how it survived the 1923 Tokyo earthquake fire.
Status of shs in bangladesh spva presentationTuong Do
The document summarizes the status of solar home systems (SHS) in Bangladesh, including:
1) Over 977,000 SHS have been installed to date through a program involving the Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) and various partner organizations.
2) The program utilizes a financing structure where IDCOL provides grants and loans to partner organizations, who then sell SHS to consumers and provide financing and maintenance.
3) A recent technical audit found that SHS components generally met standards, though some manufacturers showed room for improvement in areas like battery performance and inverter efficiency.
A fair growth of 20.26% in revenue and a slim rise of 15.03% in net profit were reported by NTPC for the September 2011 quarter compared to the prior year period. Operating profit for the quarter rose 7.65% to Rs. 42024.90 million. Dr Reddy's saw a 27% increase in sales but a 37.1% decline in net profit for the quarter. Operating profit decreased 17.29% to Rs. 2698.50 million. Container Corp reported a 5.33% sales growth and 12.73% rise in operating profit to Rs. 3381.03 million for the quarter.
The environmental management report summarizes Tohoku University's environmental performance in 2008. Key points include:
- Total CO2 emissions were 100,458.5 tons, with electricity usage accounting for 74% of emissions.
- Total water usage was 17,887 cubic meters, a slight increase from the previous year.
- Waste production increased to 4,274 tons, primarily due to construction and renovation projects. The recycling rate was 54%.
The document lists various types of furniture fittings and accessories including dowel rods, dowel pins, dowel centers, butterfly hinges, flush mount hinges, drop leaf table hinges, concealed hinges, hinges, strap hinges, pivot hinges, lift off hinges, trunk hinges, ice box hardware, trunk lid stays, rollers, studs, trunk locks, drawbolts, and catches. The items are made of materials like hardwood, brass, steel, and bronze. Sizes vary with the specific fitting or accessory described.
The document lists and provides specifications for various furniture parts and accessories. It includes details on chair parts like heavy duty swivel bases, rocker bases, and oak rocker runners. It also lists high chair parts, tray arms, safety straps, as well as finials, spindles and pegs of various sizes. Measurements are provided for length, width, thickness and diameters. Materials include steel, oak, pine and leather.
The document lists various furniture fittings and accessories including brass knobs, wood knobs, drawer pulls, catches, and antique pulls. It provides the dimensions and materials of each fitting. The listings include the diameter, projection, and other relevant measurements of each item. A wide variety of styles and sizes of knobs, pulls, and other fittings are described.
The document describes various types of fasteners and furniture fittings including nails, decorative nails, bed hardware, bail pulls, bin pulls, and bells. It provides details on the materials, sizes, finishes, and intended uses of over 50 different fastener and fitting products. The products are for general woodworking and furniture making/repair applications.
The document lists various furniture leg and caster fittings including stamped steel claw foot toe caps, bun feet in various styles, diameters and heights, sofa and queen anne legs, casters with wood or porcelain wheels in different sizes, and nails. Dimensions and load capacities are provided for each fitting type.
The document summarizes Malaysia's furniture trade from 2004-2007. It shows that Malaysia's total furniture exports grew from RM7.05 billion in 2004 to RM8.55 billion in 2007. The top export destination was the USA, though its share declined in 2007. Wooden furniture comprised the majority of exports, with wooden seats and office furniture being the fastest growing segments. Imports remained relatively flat during this period.
Dokumen ini membahas sistem fertigasi untuk penanaman sayuran, buah-buahan, dan bunga. Sistem ini menggunakan medium akar dalam polibeg atau kotak polimer dan menyediakan air dan baja secara berkala tanpa menggunakan paip titisan. Sistem fertigasi menawarkan beberapa kelebihan seperti hasil yang lebih baik dan penggunaan baja yang lebih cekap.
Indian tea has historically been a major export commodity, however exports have been declining in recent years due to factors such as price cuts by competitor countries, an increase in domestic consumption, and threats from competitors like Sri Lanka and Kenya. The document outlines India's position as a leading tea producer and exporter, and identifies opportunities and challenges for the industry.
Objective Capital Precious Metals, Diamonds and Gemstones Investment Summit
The impact of turbulence in the financial markets on the euro, dollar and gold
20 May 2010
by Marino Pieterse - Goldletter International
R and B SOR FOR BUILDING WORKS AHMEDABAD CITY 2021_22.pdfssuserc0e014
This document appears to be a schedule of rates for building works in Ahmedabad City, Gujarat for the year 2021-22. It contains various annexures and statements providing basic rates for materials, labor, carriage, hire charges, and other construction-related costs. Specifically, statement 4A provides the estimated costs for transporting materials over different distances by truck, accounting for factors like fuel consumption, labor wages, and vehicle hire charges.
The document presents the salary tables for Colombian teachers for the years 2011 and 2012. It shows the salary increments by grade level for teachers covered by decrees 2277 of 1979 and 1278 of 2002. For decree 2277, salaries increased by 3.17% in 2011 and 5% in 2012. For decree 1278, salaries also increased by 3.17% in 2011 and 5% in 2012, with amounts varying based on grade level, qualifications, and whether or not the teacher had a specialty. The salary increases continue Colombia's historical pattern of annual adjustments for teachers.
The document discusses the cement industry in India and provides details on several major cement companies. India is the second largest cement producer in the world after China. The industry is dominated by around 20 companies that account for 70% of production. Financial details are given for UltraTech Cement, JK Cement, Madras Cement, India Cement, and ACC Cement, including variable costs, fixed costs, contribution per unit, profit-volume ratio, and break-even point. A comparison of key metrics between the companies is also presented.
The Current Status Of Nuclear Power In TheJoe Miller
The United States is the world's largest producer of nuclear power, generating over 20% of its electricity from 104 nuclear reactors in 2010. While few new reactors have been built in recent decades, 4-6 new units are expected by 2020 from 16 license applications since 2007. However, lower gas prices and the Fukushima accident may delay some projects. The US nuclear fleet has significantly increased output through higher capacity factors now around 90%, reduced outage times, power uprates, and extended fuel cycles without new plant construction.
The document analyzes international trade and finance data for the Philippines from 1983 to 2006. It provides tables showing trade balances, exports and imports by commodity and section over this period. Exports grew substantially from $556 million in 1983 to over $2.4 billion in 2006, while imports increased from $886 million to over $2.7 billion for the same period. The trade balance fluctuated from a surplus of $330 million in 1983 to a deficit of $345 million in 2006. Top exports included electronic products, garments, coconut oil and copper concentrates.
This document provides stock market index data for various global markets from the quarter ending December 31, 2015. It shows the high, low, close, change, and percentage change for indexes tracking major markets in the US, Asia Pacific region, and globally. Many US indexes saw gains of 5-10% for the quarter, while indexes in Asia saw more mixed performance, with some Chinese and Japanese indexes up over 9% but others down over 5%.
6 dimension and properties table of ipe shapeChhay Teng
This document provides dimensional properties for various IPE steel beam shapes. It includes dimensions, cross-sectional area, weight, section properties such as moments of inertia, and minimum dimensions for connections. The table lists data for IPE beams ranging from 80 mm to 600 mm, including their height, width, wall thicknesses, and other geometric properties.
The document discusses India's involvement with the World Trade Organization and provides economic and social indicators for India from 1950-2009. It summarizes India's growing imports and exports over time. The document also analyzes articles related to India granting Most Favored Nation status to Pakistan and the implications of increased trade between the two countries. Key concerns discussed include India's dominant economic position in South Asia and the vulnerability of some Pakistani industries to cheaper Indian imports. The document concludes by noting India's interest in access to trade routes through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
This Slideshare presentation is a partial preview of the full business document. To view and download the full document, please go here:
http://flevy.com/browse/business-document/Excel-Model-for-Banking--119
This is a valuation model of Axis bank. This model covers the different valuation types to arrive at the fair value of a stock.
This document provides the weights and thicknesses in kilograms per meter (Kg/m) of different schedules of stainless steel pipe based on nominal bore size in inches. Schedule 5 is the thinnest wall, followed by Schedule 10, Schedule 40, Schedule 80, and Schedule 160 being the thickest. Weights range from 0.276 Kg/m for 1/8 inch Schedule 5 pipe to 367.7 Kg/m for 14 inch Schedule 160 pipe. The document also lists the addresses of the plot and warehouse locations.
The document lists various types of furniture fittings and accessories including dowel rods, dowel pins, dowel centers, butterfly hinges, flush mount hinges, drop leaf table hinges, concealed hinges, hinges, strap hinges, pivot hinges, lift off hinges, trunk hinges, ice box hardware, trunk lid stays, rollers, studs, trunk locks, drawbolts, and catches. The items are made of materials like hardwood, brass, steel, and bronze. Sizes vary with the specific fitting or accessory described.
The document lists and provides specifications for various furniture parts and accessories. It includes details on chair parts like heavy duty swivel bases, rocker bases, and oak rocker runners. It also lists high chair parts, tray arms, safety straps, as well as finials, spindles and pegs of various sizes. Measurements are provided for length, width, thickness and diameters. Materials include steel, oak, pine and leather.
The document lists various furniture fittings and accessories including brass knobs, wood knobs, drawer pulls, catches, and antique pulls. It provides the dimensions and materials of each fitting. The listings include the diameter, projection, and other relevant measurements of each item. A wide variety of styles and sizes of knobs, pulls, and other fittings are described.
The document describes various types of fasteners and furniture fittings including nails, decorative nails, bed hardware, bail pulls, bin pulls, and bells. It provides details on the materials, sizes, finishes, and intended uses of over 50 different fastener and fitting products. The products are for general woodworking and furniture making/repair applications.
The document lists various furniture leg and caster fittings including stamped steel claw foot toe caps, bun feet in various styles, diameters and heights, sofa and queen anne legs, casters with wood or porcelain wheels in different sizes, and nails. Dimensions and load capacities are provided for each fitting type.
The document summarizes Malaysia's furniture trade from 2004-2007. It shows that Malaysia's total furniture exports grew from RM7.05 billion in 2004 to RM8.55 billion in 2007. The top export destination was the USA, though its share declined in 2007. Wooden furniture comprised the majority of exports, with wooden seats and office furniture being the fastest growing segments. Imports remained relatively flat during this period.
Dokumen ini membahas sistem fertigasi untuk penanaman sayuran, buah-buahan, dan bunga. Sistem ini menggunakan medium akar dalam polibeg atau kotak polimer dan menyediakan air dan baja secara berkala tanpa menggunakan paip titisan. Sistem fertigasi menawarkan beberapa kelebihan seperti hasil yang lebih baik dan penggunaan baja yang lebih cekap.
Indian tea has historically been a major export commodity, however exports have been declining in recent years due to factors such as price cuts by competitor countries, an increase in domestic consumption, and threats from competitors like Sri Lanka and Kenya. The document outlines India's position as a leading tea producer and exporter, and identifies opportunities and challenges for the industry.
Objective Capital Precious Metals, Diamonds and Gemstones Investment Summit
The impact of turbulence in the financial markets on the euro, dollar and gold
20 May 2010
by Marino Pieterse - Goldletter International
R and B SOR FOR BUILDING WORKS AHMEDABAD CITY 2021_22.pdfssuserc0e014
This document appears to be a schedule of rates for building works in Ahmedabad City, Gujarat for the year 2021-22. It contains various annexures and statements providing basic rates for materials, labor, carriage, hire charges, and other construction-related costs. Specifically, statement 4A provides the estimated costs for transporting materials over different distances by truck, accounting for factors like fuel consumption, labor wages, and vehicle hire charges.
The document presents the salary tables for Colombian teachers for the years 2011 and 2012. It shows the salary increments by grade level for teachers covered by decrees 2277 of 1979 and 1278 of 2002. For decree 2277, salaries increased by 3.17% in 2011 and 5% in 2012. For decree 1278, salaries also increased by 3.17% in 2011 and 5% in 2012, with amounts varying based on grade level, qualifications, and whether or not the teacher had a specialty. The salary increases continue Colombia's historical pattern of annual adjustments for teachers.
The document discusses the cement industry in India and provides details on several major cement companies. India is the second largest cement producer in the world after China. The industry is dominated by around 20 companies that account for 70% of production. Financial details are given for UltraTech Cement, JK Cement, Madras Cement, India Cement, and ACC Cement, including variable costs, fixed costs, contribution per unit, profit-volume ratio, and break-even point. A comparison of key metrics between the companies is also presented.
The Current Status Of Nuclear Power In TheJoe Miller
The United States is the world's largest producer of nuclear power, generating over 20% of its electricity from 104 nuclear reactors in 2010. While few new reactors have been built in recent decades, 4-6 new units are expected by 2020 from 16 license applications since 2007. However, lower gas prices and the Fukushima accident may delay some projects. The US nuclear fleet has significantly increased output through higher capacity factors now around 90%, reduced outage times, power uprates, and extended fuel cycles without new plant construction.
The document analyzes international trade and finance data for the Philippines from 1983 to 2006. It provides tables showing trade balances, exports and imports by commodity and section over this period. Exports grew substantially from $556 million in 1983 to over $2.4 billion in 2006, while imports increased from $886 million to over $2.7 billion for the same period. The trade balance fluctuated from a surplus of $330 million in 1983 to a deficit of $345 million in 2006. Top exports included electronic products, garments, coconut oil and copper concentrates.
This document provides stock market index data for various global markets from the quarter ending December 31, 2015. It shows the high, low, close, change, and percentage change for indexes tracking major markets in the US, Asia Pacific region, and globally. Many US indexes saw gains of 5-10% for the quarter, while indexes in Asia saw more mixed performance, with some Chinese and Japanese indexes up over 9% but others down over 5%.
6 dimension and properties table of ipe shapeChhay Teng
This document provides dimensional properties for various IPE steel beam shapes. It includes dimensions, cross-sectional area, weight, section properties such as moments of inertia, and minimum dimensions for connections. The table lists data for IPE beams ranging from 80 mm to 600 mm, including their height, width, wall thicknesses, and other geometric properties.
The document discusses India's involvement with the World Trade Organization and provides economic and social indicators for India from 1950-2009. It summarizes India's growing imports and exports over time. The document also analyzes articles related to India granting Most Favored Nation status to Pakistan and the implications of increased trade between the two countries. Key concerns discussed include India's dominant economic position in South Asia and the vulnerability of some Pakistani industries to cheaper Indian imports. The document concludes by noting India's interest in access to trade routes through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
This Slideshare presentation is a partial preview of the full business document. To view and download the full document, please go here:
http://flevy.com/browse/business-document/Excel-Model-for-Banking--119
This is a valuation model of Axis bank. This model covers the different valuation types to arrive at the fair value of a stock.
This document provides the weights and thicknesses in kilograms per meter (Kg/m) of different schedules of stainless steel pipe based on nominal bore size in inches. Schedule 5 is the thinnest wall, followed by Schedule 10, Schedule 40, Schedule 80, and Schedule 160 being the thickest. Weights range from 0.276 Kg/m for 1/8 inch Schedule 5 pipe to 367.7 Kg/m for 14 inch Schedule 160 pipe. The document also lists the addresses of the plot and warehouse locations.
The document appears to be a table listing financial information for various companies across different sectors. It includes metrics such as revenue, net income, earnings per share, dividend yield, and price-earnings ratios for each company for the years 2010 and 2009. Some key sectors represented include agro-alimentary, mining, chemicals, telecoms, automotive, insurance, and banking.
The document presents financial data for various companies across multiple sectors. It includes information such as stock price, number of shares, revenue, net income, dividends, earnings per share, and price-earnings ratios for the years 2010 and 2009. The companies range from agro-industrial to mining to telecommunications to insurance. Financial metrics like dividends per share, price-earnings ratios, and dividend yields are also listed for comparison across firms and sectors.
The document summarizes the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It notes that ASEAN was established in 1967 with five founding members. It now has 10 member countries and aims to accelerate economic growth and social progress through collaboration. The document also provides statistics on ASEAN's economy and trade, including GDP, growth rates, trade agreements, and export/import data and trends with ASEAN countries. It summarizes India's trade relations with ASEAN regions as well.
Saudi Arabia experienced strong economic growth from 2006 to 2012, with nominal GDP growing at an average annual rate of 12.9% from 2006 to 2008. The non-oil private sector grew the most during this period, expanding by 42% in 2009. Crude oil production increased from 8.2 million barrels per day in 2009 to an estimated 9.8 million barrels per day in 2012, and the average price of Arabian Light crude oil rose from $59.47 per barrel in 2009 to an estimated $106.48 per barrel in 2012. Government revenues increased substantially from $509.8 billion in 2009 to an estimated $1,239.5 billion in 2012, resulting in large budget surpluses and growing foreign
Similar to Bengkel pasaran perabot & produk kayu di antarabangsa 29 july2008-melaka (20)
The document describes various types of fasteners and fittings for furniture including nails, tacks, rivets, screws, mirror brackets, and mirror mounts. It provides specifications for different sizes of brass plated and plain steel trunk nails and tacks, brass plated split rivets, brass and steel screw posts, black and plated steel screws, antique brass and nickel plated mirror brackets, brass plated steel rear mount mirror supports, cast brass and antique brass cheval mirror mounts, and surface mounting clips. Directions are also provided for using split rivet caps.
This document lists various types of mouldings, beading, trim, and pressed wood ornaments available for sale. It provides specifications for half round and full round rope trim, beading, dentil moulding, and pressed wood ornaments in different sizes, widths, diameters, and wood types including maple, oak, birch, and walnut. Mouldings are available individually or in pairs.
The document provides an organization chart for a manufacturing operation. It shows that the Operation Chief Executive oversees the Operation Manager, who oversees the Factory Manager. Under the Factory Manager are positions like Production Planning & Control, Production Manager, Material Manager, Maintenance & Engineering, and Research & Design. The chart also lists some roles under Production Manager like QC, Tally, QC Inventory, and Tooling.
The document outlines the responsibilities of a materials controller in a furniture manufacturing factory, including receiving, inspecting, storing, maintaining, and distributing raw materials and ensuring proper documentation and inventory controls are followed. Key requirements for the role include knowledge of materials, management processes, and record keeping systems. Proper storage and handling of different material types is also discussed based on their physical properties.
The document discusses the benefits of using paste wax to protect and maintain wood furniture finishes. It provides perspectives from woodworking experts who recommend using wax as the best choice for furniture care. Wax forms a protective layer that prevents superficial scratches and dents from damaging the underlying finish. It also helps prevent dust from sticking to furniture surfaces. The document provides tips on applying and maintaining wax finishes on wood furniture.
This document discusses different types of veneer available for woodworking projects. It describes standard veneer, which is cut into thin sheets and sold by the square foot, and flexible veneer, which is manufactured into wide, thin, and flexible sheets for easier application. Standard veneer requires more preparation like sanding and jointing of multiple narrow sheets, while flexible veneer is pre-flattened and jointed but more expensive. The document also provides instructions for cutting veneer with a veneer saw or craft knife, and edge jointing sheets of standard veneer using a homemade jig to ensure a tight seam.
This document provides information about shellac flakes and how to mix and apply shellac as a finish. It describes different types of shellac flakes like seed lac, button lac, garnet lac, and lemon yellow. It explains how to mix shellac flakes with denatured alcohol at different "cuts" or concentrations. Application tips are given, such as applying multiple thin coats, using a retarder to reduce brush marks, and sanding between coats. Final rubbing and waxing of the dried shellac finish is also outlined.
This document provides instructions for using rottenstone and pumice to polish and finish wood surfaces. Rottenstone can be used as the final polishing compound to produce a high gloss finish on lacquer, varnish and shellac. It is also used to antique gilt finishes and dust mats. Pumice comes in varying grit sizes and can be used to hand rub wood finishes to a matte surface in preparation for polishing with rottenstone. The instructions describe the supplies needed, preparation of the wood surface, lubricating with oil or water, rubbing technique, and allowing time for the finish to harden before applying protective wax.
French polishing is a process of coating wood with shellac dissolved in alcohol using a "rubber" made of rag and cotton wool. It produces a fine looking finish for furniture. The process involves bodying in the shellac to fill pores, building up layers, and spiriting out for a high gloss finish. Proper preparation of the wood surface is important for a smooth result.
The document provides instructions for preparing furniture for refinishing. It explains that the first step is to remove all old finish from the furniture by using a commercial paint or varnish remover and carefully scraping it off with a putty knife or scraper. It notes to be careful when removing finish from veneered surfaces to avoid damaging the wood. It also recommends washing the surface after removing the old finish. The next steps involve allowing the wood to dry completely before sanding it smooth to prepare for a new finish.
The document provides tips for furniture finishing and repair. It discusses how to remove waxy build-up, hide light scratches, paint over an existing finish, remove white spots from water, and tips for handling and moving furniture. Key points include using mineral spirits or steel wool to remove waxy build-up, using padding lacquer or polishing compounds to hide light scratches, thorough sanding and cleaning when painting over a finish, and using steel wool or oils to remove white spots from water damage.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan informasi mengenai penggunaan baja organik Taaveekun dan amalan pertanian yang lestari untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman secara organik. Dokumen ini juga menyoroti keberhasilan penggunaan baja Taaveekun dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil berbagai tanaman seperti sayuran, buah-buahan, dan komoditi pertanian lainnya.
The document shows a diagram of a palm tree with labeled measurements for different parts of the tree. The trunk is 7.8 meters tall and branches begin 9 meters from the base. The fronds extend out 2.4 meters from the branches.
RUB CURE is a treatment substance made from rubber tree parts that increases rubber yield. It is a dried powder containing minerals that forms a hard protective clammy layer when dissolved in water and applied to rubber trees. Field tests in Thailand found that applying RUB CURE to 16 and 22-year-old rubber trees increased their daily dry rubber yield by over 30% with costs of just 1 kg per 3 hectares and benefits such as reduced fungicide use and increased farmer income over 15%.
Lawatan pertama ke ladang untuk menilai kesan penggunaan baja kimia tanpa rawatan tanah. Gambar sebelum dan selepas rawatan menunjukkan kesan positif dengan rumpai berkurangan selepas 2 bulan. Lawatan kedua akan menilai kesan baja pencegah penyakit dan wood vinegar setelah 3 minggu rawatan tanah.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan informasi tentang penggunaan pupuk dan pengayaan tanah untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman. Dibahas tentang pentingnya mikroorganisme dalam tanah, dan bagaimana penambahan zat organik dan pupuk kimia dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah serta hasil tanaman. Juga dibahas mengenai kunjung ke ladang-ladang di Thailand untuk mempelajari teknik budidaya yang lebih baik.
Bengkel pasaran perabot & produk kayu di antarabangsa 29 july2008-melaka
1. BENGKEL SISTEM MAKLUMAT
PASARAN TEMPATAN &
ANTARABANGSA
PROSPECTS OF MALAYSIAN
FURNITURE EXPORTS
MD. SILMI ABD RAHMAN
HOTEL SERI MALAYSIA, AYER KEROH MELAKA
29 JULAI 2008
3. Malaysia’s Total Trade:
2006 : RM1,069.74 billion
2007 : RM1,109.97 billion ( ↑3.7%)
Total Exports:
2006 : RM588.97 billion
2007 : RM605.15 billion (↑ 2.8%)
Total Furniture Exports:
2006 : RM8.08 billion
2007 : RM8.55 billion (↑5.8%)
International Trade Position in 2007:
19th largest exporters (Furniture: 10th largest
world exporters)
4. MALAYSIA’S FURNITURE EXPORTS (2004-2007)
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 7,050.64 7,495.55 6.3 8,080.1 7.8 8,547.77 5.8
MALAYSIA’S FURNITURE IMPORTS (2004-2007)
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 1,032.91 1,254.91 21.5 1,320.78 5.2 1,322.74 0.1
5. TOP 10 FURNITURE EXPORT DESTINATIONS
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 7,050.64 7,495.55 6.3 8,080.1 7.8 8,547.77 5.8
USA 2,145.12 2,466.85 15.0 2,551.16 3.4 2,272.37 -10.9
JAPAN 719.30 695.57 -3.3 723.57 4.0 777.38 7.4
AUSTRALIA 628.62 585.62 -6.8 673.71 15.0 716.37 6.3
UK 734.69 621.60 -15.4 608.82 -2.1 598.74 -1.7
SINGAPORE 347.88 308.02 -11.5 326.58 6.0 398.10 21.9
UAE 308.84 252.01 -18.4 313.00 24.2 344.80 10.2
INDIA 107.10 136.67 27.6 231.39 69.3 282.02 21.9
CANADA 225.04 230.66 2.5 271.20 17.6 278.65 2.7
CHINA 63.02 83.05 31.8 136.06 63.8 213.49 56.9
FRANCE 62.75 124.82 98.9 113.42 -9.1 156.22 37.7
6. TOP 10 FURNITURE IMPORT SOURCE
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 1,032.91 1,254.91 21.5 1,320.78 5.2 1,322.74 0.1
CHINA 230.94 264.51 14.5 267.78 1.2 324.02 21.0
POLAND 96.68 98.74 2.1 130.61 32.3 114.02 -12.7
ITALY 48.51 50.37 3.8 55.20 9.6 89.85 62.8
THAILAND 57.72 95.58 65.6 80.16 -16.1 86.13 7.4
GERMANY 53.59 55.36 3.3 64.91 17.3 82.92 27.7
JAPAN 37.74 48.11 27.5 49.73 3.4 72.54 45.9
LITHUANIA 24.46 30.18 23.4 43.01 42.5 58.22 35.3
INDONESIA 46.68 59.09 26.6 58.48 -1.0 52.59 -10.1
VIETNAM 49.87 44.52 -10.7 58.70 31.9 47.91 -18.4
USA 32.74 124.23 279.4 81.44 -34.5 36.30 -55.4
7. TYPE OF FURNITURE EXPORTED (2006-2007)
2006 2007
Description Value Share (%) Value Share (%) Change (%)
RM Mil RM Mil
FURNITURE, 6,391.21 79.1 6,661.69 77.9 4.2
WOODEN
Seats With 1,634.51 20.2 1,710.13 20.0 4.6
Wooden Frame
Bedroom 986.30 12.2 978.25 11.4 -0.82
Wooden
Furniture
Kitchen Wooden 604.88 7.4 594.48 7.0 -1.72
Furniture
Office Wooden 388.43 4.8 522.69 6.1 34.6
Furniture
Others – wooden 2,777.09 3.4 2,856.14 3.3 2.9
furniture
8. MALAYSIA’S FURNITURE EXPORT:
OF METAL (2006-2007)
2006 2007
Description Value Share (%) Value Share (%) Change (%)
RM Mil RM Mil
Office Metal Furniture, 697.09 8.6 739.58 8.6 6.1
& Other Furniture
MALAYSIA’S FURNITURE EXPORT:
OF PLASTIC (2006-2007)
2006 2007
Description Value Share (%) Value Share (%) Change (%)
RM Mil RM Mil
Plastic Furniture 47.69 0.6 50.07 0.6 5.0
9. TOP 10 EXPORT DESTINATIONS : SEATS, WITH WOODEN FRAME
(2004 – 2007)
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 1,331.76 1,497.69 12.5 1,634.51 9.1 1,710.13 4.6
USA 390.91 418.83 7.1 421.83 0.7 336.54 -20.2
AUSTRALIA 156.98 130.37 -17 173.02 32.7 192.16 11.1
UK 130.16 144.0 10.6 132.79 -7.8 135.88 2.33
JAPAN 104.54 125.7 20.2 118.57 -5.7 114.5 -3.43
FRANCE 8.71 31.81 265 44.63 40.3 78.02 74.8
CANADA 49.68 51.85 4.4 61.42 18.4 62.96 2.5
GERMANY 22.59 35.04 55.1 52.49 49.8 53.98 2.8
NETHERLANDS 56.34 61.40 8.9 70.41 14.7 51.38 -27
SINGAPORE 43.66 36.53 -16.3 39.11 7.1 46.68 19.3
UAE 44.41 36.00 -19 37.22 3.4 44.16 18.7
10. TOP 10 EXPORT DESTINATIONS : METAL FURNITURE
(2004– 2007)
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 704.28 693.66 -1.5 697.09 0.5 739.58 6.1
INDIA 16.39 30.79 87.8 65.37 112.3 78.86 20.6
SINGAPORE 72.72 76.51 5.2 68.97 -9.9 76.93 11.5
UK 123.69 90.14 -27.1 72.09 -20 70.72 -1.9
JAPAN 75.02 89.40 19.2 65.16 -27.1 64.14 -1.6
AUSTRALIA 72.51 67.18 -7.4 77.19 14.9 63.68 -17.5
UAE 42.99 40.23 -6.4 52.62 30.8 56.67 7.7
USA 71.95 51.42 -28.5 65.22 27.4 52.44 -20
MOROCCA 7.89 8.23 4.41 6.64 -19.4 44.38 568.2
SAUDI ARABIA 29.86 24.05 -19.4 29.54 22.76 31.18 5.6
ALGERIA 1.90 3.56 87.3 10.91 206.3 16.13 47.9
11. TOP 10 EXPORT DESTINATIONS : KITCHEN FURNITURE, WOOD
(2004-2007)
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 649.13 625.79 -3.6 604.88 -3.3 594.48 -1.7
USA 263.85 263.7 -0.1 243.85 -7.5 230.68 -5.4
UK 68.88 51.67 -25.0 46.32 -10.4 33.59 -27.5
AUSTRALIA 55.19 38.25 -30.7 31.85 -16.7 30.22 -5.1
CANADA 33.56 28.06 -16.4 32.5 15.8 26.78 -17.6
UAE 25.41 14.69 -42.2 21.71 47.8 20.17 -7.1
CHILE 7.33 8.44 15.1 11.91 41.1 18.02 51.3
GERMANY 8.86 7.29 -17.8 17.86 145.1 16.56 -7.3
SPAIN 6.76 10.45 54.5 9.82 -6 15.7 59.9
POLAND 0.2 0.71 253.3 4.83 578.4 14.5 200
JAPAN 20.34 18.24 -10.3 11.95 -34.5 11.64 -2.6
12. TOP 10 EXPORT DESTINATIONS : OFFICE FURNITURE OF WOOD
(2004-2007)
COUNTRY 2004 2005 Growth 2006 Growth 2007 Growth
Value Value (%) Value (%) Value (%)
RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil RM Mil
TOTAL 295.65 280.23 -5.2 388.43 38.6 522.69 34.6
INDIA 26.53 34.18 28.8 48.07 40.7 89.23 85.6
UAE 57.68 44.82 -22.3 69.22 54.4 79.46 14.8
USA 11.06 17.41 57.4 47.73 174.2 70.73 48.2
AUSTRALIA 9.75 10.61 8.8 12.23 15.3 36.45 198.1
SINGAPORE 28.12 30.21 7.4 32.24 6.7 35.37 9.7
CANADA 0.92 6.27 581.6 25.3 303.6 31.72 25.4
JAPAN 39.21 17.75 -54.7 16.42 -7.5 23.96 45.9
SAUDI ARABIA 15.19 15.22 0.2 13.26 -12.9 16.88 27.3
UK 17.67 15.65 -11.4 19 21.4 11.49 -39.5
QATAR 4.22 5.92 40.3 11.53 94.7 11.08 -4
14. GLOBAL NETWORK
Moscow
Rotterdam
London
Toronto Paris
Cologne Budapest
Beijing
New York Seoul Tokyo
Milan ShanghaiOsaka
Los Cairo Dubai Guangzhou Taipei
Miami
Angeles Jeddah Chengdu Hong Kong
Mexico City Ho Chi
Chen Bangkok
Minh Manila
Nairobi nai Singapore
Jakart
Johannesburg a
Sao Paulo Sydney
Santiago
35 Trade Commissioners Offices
3 Marketing Offices
14
Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation
15. TRADE ADVISORY AND SUPPORT
Help Desk
Help Desk
Trade Advisory Services –
Trade Advisory Services –
HQ, Branch, Overseas
HQ, Branch, Overseas
Business Information Centre --KLIA
Business Information Centre KLIA
Briefing & Business Consultation
Briefing & Business Consultation
Sessions Nationwide
Sessions Nationwide
15
16. MATRADE’s SERVICES &
FACILITIES
MEEC & MTC
Exhibition Centre
Business Library
Publications
MATRADE Website (
http://www.matrade.gov.my)
Online Database
Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation
18. SUPPORT PROGRAMMES
& ASSISTANCE
MDG (Market Development Grant)
BPG (Brand Promotion Grant)
SEF (Services Export Fund)
Tax Incentives
18
19. PROMOTION PROGRAMMES 2008
• International Trade Fairs 66
• Specialised Marketing Missions 14
• Trade Investment Missions 8
• Incoming Buying Missions 46
• Trade Promotion Visits 63
• Promotion Booths 68
• Roundtable Sessions 11
• Local International Fairs 2
- MIHAS (7-11 May) & INTRADE Malaysia (13-16 Nov 2008)
• Export Training Programmes 42
TOTAL: 320
20. GLOBAL ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
WORLD ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY
USAGE OF ICT
INCREASE ROLE OF SERVICES
ASEAN FREE TRADE AREA (AFTA)
GLOBALISATION AND TRADE LIBERALISATION
INDUSTRIAL MERGERS
ABOLITION OF MULTI FIBER AGREEMENT (MFA)
TRADE AGREEMENTS
EMERGING OF CHINA AND INDIA’S ECONOMIC
MIGHT
NON TRADE MEASURES
21. CHALLENGES OF MALAYSIAN FURNITURE:
The industry must quickly adapt, learn and
foresee obstacles in the near future
Malaysia designers, exporters and
manufacturers must be capable to produce
good furniture design, in order to increase the
perceive value of furniture by the customers
that need value-for-money furniture.
22. CHALLENGES OF MALAYSIAN FURNITURE:
Standardization allows Malaysia to produce
furniture products equivalent to other
established standards products.
New trends in marketing will be introduced to
consumers, public health and safety will be
safeguarded, high quality and value products
are impetus to branding and help to move
towards a higher targeted market.
23. CHALLENGES OF MALAYSIAN FURNITURE:
To enable companies to produce and market
the same quality product globally and help
gaining entry to new markets.
With a good lumber grading system capability
the industry understands the importance of
value adding Malaysia furniture products. This
is done by adding esthetical values to the
furniture design
24. STRATEGIES TO PROMOTE MALAYSIAN FURNITURE
Participation in trade promotion activities related to
furniture
(e.g. Cologne Furniture Fair, MEBEL Russia, MIFF);
To design the products to reflect market preferences;
Strengthening the value added activities such as designing,
packaging, marketing and distribution;
Branding (one of the ways to increase competitiveness, and a
means to differentiate the country and the products and
services offered to the market);
Malaysian companies should look at new and innovative ways
to conduct business, in particular, companies should intensify
the use of ICT and the internet to promote products and
services as it is an effective means to reach global markets in
situations where travelling is not possible (e.g. website, e-
mail marketing, trade portal, e-market places, virtual trade
exhibition).
25. STRATEGIES TO PROMOTE MALAYSIAN FURNITURE
Maintain high values both in production, quality and
business ethics;
Focus on original design and functional furniture;
Invest in R&D for innovative creation and marketing
techniques
Emphasis on establishing long term relationship;
Target on medium to up market segment, where emphasis
is on quality and not quantity
27. FURNITURE MARKET IN THE UK
UK is a net importer of furniture. In 2006, UK imports of
furniture increased by 6 per cent and Malaysia is one of
the top exporters to UK.
The UK household furniture sector is well established and
mature markets.
The furniture market in UK has become more fashion
oriented, which demands more innovation in furniture,
versatility and functionality to suit the changing of
lifestyle.
The trend to smaller houses has resulted in changes to the
design of new homes. This has significant implications for
the types of furniture being demanded by the consumers.
Smaller size and more flexible types of furniture are highly
demanded. Bedroom furniture is also a major area of
opportunities.
28. FURNITURE MARKET IN THE UK
Great opportunities can also be found with furniture parts
and upholstered seating.
Furniture that can be supplied by flat-packed is of interest
to Malaysian exporters. It applies to children’s bedroom,
home office and shelves, and storage units.
Malaysian exporters can also tap the market segment for
older affluent group in the UK. In 2005, 20.3 million
people in the UK were aged 50 and over. This group is
looking for products with built-in extras – such as reclining
chairs.
Malaysian exporters to the UK often being pressured by the
lower/cheaper products from Vietnam and China. To
compete, Malaysian exporters must maintain quality
standard and keep up with the changing trends and
enhancing designs of the furniture.
29. FURNITURE MARKET IN THE UK
Outsourcing of UK production is providing opportunities for
Malaysian exporters. However, the major opportunities lie
in providing good value, highly designed products to meet
the changing lifestyle need of modern UK households.
Malaysian exporters should also be looking for
opportunities to sell to big multiples such as B&Q, Home
Base or even Tesco.
Potential importers, eg:
i) B&Q PLC (www.diy.com)
ii) Focus Do It All (www.focusdoitall.co.uk)
iii) Homebase (www.homebase.co.uk)
iv) Tesco
v) Wickes Building Supplies Ltd
31. FURNITURE MARKET IN SPAIN
The Spanish market has undergone changes in furniture
preferences. The trend is moving towards modern
contemporary style, more practical and convivial
furniture.
For domestic furniture:
Increasing demand for kitchen furniture. The main trend in
terms of materials are stainless steel kitchen tops and wooden
cabinets, designed with geometrical and simple lines.
Contemporary dining table is characterised with simple lines in
rectangular form. The demand is more on light colours,
entirely made of wood or metal feet with glass on top.
Increasing demand for all types of chairs and relax-seats.
Rising demand for small furniture, comprising small and low
tables for living room, shelves for DVD and other small
cupboards.
32. FURNITURE MARKET IN SPAIN
For office furniture:
Increasing trends for hot-desking (shared facilities) office
furniture
Higher demands for meeting table due to increasing team work
Increasing demands for ‘multiplan’ desk with additional levels
for storage purposes
The pricing can be divided into 3 categories – up market, middle
market and low market.
The prices of low market can be four times lower than the up
market.
Among Malaysia’s main weaknesses in the Spanish furniture
market is the lack of awareness of Malaysian product
33. FURNITURE MARKET IN SPAIN
Malaysian exporters must be aggressive in promotional
efforts in Spain.
Factors for successful market entry include:
Awareness
Pricing
Effective marketing
Quality products
Innovations – designs, materials, functionality
Improved products
Compliance with EU Standard
Potential importers:
CONFORAMA (www.conforama.es)
MOBLERONE (www.expomobi.com)
34. CONCLUSION
The Malaysian Furniture Industry:
must be aware of new standards and
developments to stay ahead of competition
must collaborate and exchange ideas,
practices and collaboration within the
business community domestically and
internationally.
35. Visit us at:
MATRADE
Menara MATRADE
Jalan Khidmat Usaha
Off Jalan Duta
50480 Kuala Lumpur
Tel: 03-62077077
Faks: 03-62037187
E-mail: info@matrade.gov.my
Website: www.matrade.gov.my