Mathieu Durand-Daubin (EDF R&D-ECLEER) Ben Anderson (Southampton University) Paper presented at BEHAVE 2014, Said Business School, Oxford, 3rd September 2014

1. PRACTICE HUNTING
Time Use Surveys for a quantification of practices
distributions and evolutions
BEHAVE 2014, Oxford
Mathieu Durand-Daubin (EDF R&D-ECLEER)
Ben Anderson (Southampton University)

2. Peak electricity demand
Total France electricity consumption during
Mondays and Sundays of February 2010 (RTE)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
February Monday
February Sunday
00:30 03:00 05:30 08:00 10:30 13:00 15:30 18:00 20:30 23:00
National electricity demand (GW)
Time of the day
France electricity consumption by time of the day on mondays and
sundays of February 2010-RTE
Electric demand split by usage from a sample of
owner-occupied homes in England (2010-2011)

3. Eating practices in TUS
● Electric consumption underlying practices
● Practices as group of activities held together by
meanings and relying on competences and products
(Shove & Pantzar, 2005)
● Eating relation to Time
Southerton et al., 2011
●Eating meanings
Social
Time
Economy
of Time
Temporal
Rythms
Ordering
Eating
Commensality

4. Practice Hunting
● Definition of clearly delimited entities (Dinner)
based on TUS:
ACTIVITIES
TIME PLACE
PARTICIPANTS
● Describing their relation to other practices, needs
for energy, and peak demand
● Tracking alternative practices in the geographical
and social space

5. TUS Data
● Representative activity diaries
●Two days by household (Week,Week-End)
● 10 minutes steps primary and secondary activities
● Waves every 10 years
+ individual/household level information
● UK MTUS/ONS 2005 : 4 854 Diaries
● Fr. EDT/INSEE 2010 : 27 900 Diaries

6. Eating practices definitions
● Dinner at Home with prior cooking
● Dinner at Home with No cooking
● Dinner outside (acquaintance or restaurant)
● No Dinner
+ Together/Appart + Guest/No Guest + TV/NoTV

7. Eating practices definitions
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
SkipDinner
Dinner
AtHome
Cooking
NoCooking
Outside
Friend&Fam
Restaurant
France
UK

8. Eating practices structure (Fr)

9. Eating practices Time profiles
● How eating practices fit into the day time structure ?
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
100%
Travel Travel
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
eat eat
10%
12:00
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00
14:30
15:00
15:30
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00
18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
22:00
22:30
23:00
23:30
computer games
other computing
internet shopping
travel
tv & video, radio, music
reading
hobbies & games
sport & outdoor activities
entertainment & culture
social life (but not resting)
voluntary work & meetings
childcare (of household members)
housework excl childcare
study
employment
personal care ie wash/dress
eating & drinking
resting
slee0% p
12:00
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00
14:30
15:00
15:30
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00
18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
22:00
22:30
23:00
23:30
work
work
sleep sleep
Cooking
TV TV
work
No cooking

10. 0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00
18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
22:00
22:30
23:00
23:30
23:59
16:20
16:50
17:20
17:50
18:20
18:50
19:20
19:50
20:20
20:50
21:20
21:50
22:20
22:50
23:20
23:50
Cooking Cooking No cooking
NoCook
Eating practices Time profiles
work work
eat eat
sleep sleep
cook
TV TV
Travel Travel

11. Practice Hunting: Days & Areas
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Flat
Building
(Centre)
Flat
Building
(Suburb)
Mixed Dense
houses
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Sparse
houses
Restaurant
Friends&Family
NoCooking
Cooking
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Cooking
NoCookin
Friends&Family
Restaurant
SkipDinner
0%
No eat
No dinner
Dinner with Dinner without Dinner out

12. Practice Hunting: Sociodemographics
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
16-24 25-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
% of the eating practice by category
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
age<20 age20-40 age40-60 age60-80 age>80
% of the eating practice by category
Restaurant
Friends&Family
NoCooking
Cooking
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1 (lowest
income)
2 3 4 (highest
income)
No eat
No dinner
Dinner Dinner Dinner 70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Income1 Income2 Income3 Income4 Income5
Cooking
NoCooking
Friends&Family
EatOut
SkipDinner

13. Conclusion
● Meanings :
Traces of commensality : participants, longer and
later dinner, competition with TV
Eating out (as defined) has different meanings in
France : sharing with friends
UK : convenient/efficient nutrition (no later or
longer meal, surrounded with much more typical
home activity)

14. Conclusion
Skipping dinner (as defined) has different meaning in:
France: work in the evening, dinner pushed before
or after
UK: no dinner at all, replaced by social life
Economy of time
Clear competition between work and different time
intensive eating practices

15. Conclusion
● Material :
Little information at the activity level: place, transport
mode
More information at the individual/household level
Need to link with dedicated surveys associating
diaries with appliance usage : high difficulty
● Competences :
Directly related to individuals

16. Next steps
● Direct link between activities and related appliance
usage and electricity consumption
● Hunting practices in the past TUS waves (10 years)
to identify how practices spread, shrink or change
Limits
● Lack of direct information on meanings and devices
● Two days not enough to identify patterns and regularity
● Not so different from usual descriptive analyses

17. THANK YOU
mathieu.durand-daubin@edf.fr
b.anderson@soton.ac.uk

18. Eating practices in TUS
● General description of eating practices
● France (De Saint-Pol et al. 2013): 3 meals structure,
work/meal constraints, reception/TV relation to
social satus, younger snacking…
● International comparisons: differences in the times
and places of meals in relation with cultural aspects,
work organisation and specific infrastructures…
● Looking for meanings: relation to the organisation
of time, comensality, duty, satisfaction (Daniels et
al. 2012)

19. Eating practices Time profiles
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
No dinner
Dinner with cooking
Dinner without cooking
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50 Dinner out
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
16:00
16:20
16:40
17:00
17:20
17:40
18:00
18:20
18:40
19:00
19:20
19:40
20:00
20:20
20:40
21:00
21:20
21:40
22:00
22:20
22:40
23:00
23:20
23:40
23:59
Cooking NoCooking EatOut NoDinner Monday Sunday
% of cases when cooking or Electric consumption (GW)
eating happens at that time
Different practices
 different contribution to the peak