Bastian denver ahcj_stats_ftw_2014-03-27
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•1,039 views
This document discusses key considerations for analyzing health studies and their data. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the study context, methods, and analysis before interpreting results. It also stresses thinking about all outcomes rather than just those highlighted, and accounting for variability and uncertainty within data through measures like confidence intervals. Maintaining an awareness of personal biases is presented as important when evaluating research.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Academic Corruption and Misconduct
This document discusses various forms of academic misconduct including fabrication of data, cherry picking results, and harking. It notes that misconduct leads to artificially strong positive results and positive publication bias. Examples of misconduct include plagiarism, double publication, and undeserved authorship. Trends show misconduct is increasing as evidenced by rising retraction rates and disappearing negative results. Those who engage in misconduct tend to be highly respected researchers who publish proficiently and quickly. Potential remedies include improved mentoring, blinded data assessment, and strong leadership.
Data gathering & analysis
This document discusses key components of data gathering and analysis for doctoral research, including six components of data gathering and analysis: introduction, demographics, data, findings, discussion, and summary/conclusions. It also notes key differences between quantitative and qualitative methods, with quantitative using statistical/data analysis and fixed designs to test hypotheses, while qualitative uses conceptual/text analysis and emergent or flexible designs to generate understanding. Finally, it addresses translating texts into themes and concepts during analysis.
Research Methodology - Selecting an evaluation
This document compares and contrasts qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches to evaluation. Qualitative approaches rely on non-numerical, interpretive data collected in natural settings without constrained responses. Quantitative approaches focus on counted, quantified data with limited response options. Mixed methods combine both qualitative and quantitative elements but must balance the two approaches. The author outlines advantages and disadvantages of each, such as qualitative providing explanations but being expensive, and quantitative being efficient but not providing reasons. Selection criteria for the appropriate method depends on the evaluation goals and whether stories, numbers, or both are emphasized.
Basics of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Part 1
This document discusses the basics of conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, including choosing a novel and interesting topic where evidence is still unclear, writing a protocol according to PRISMA-P guidelines and registering the review, searching various databases and other sources for literature, developing a search strategy and flowchart for study selection, and ensuring an exhaustive literature review by obtaining full texts and contacting authors and experts for unpublished work or additional data.
Chapter 3
This document discusses evidence-based practice and research on instructional effectiveness. It addresses three approaches to research: determining what works, when it works, and how it works. Key points covered include identifying relevant research by looking for similar situations and appropriate research methods, interpreting results by considering sample size, measures used, treatment implementation, and confounding variables, and determining significance through effect sizes. The document provides guidance on critically evaluating research studies to inform instructional practices.
Research problems in qualitative research
This document discusses selecting research problems for qualitative research. It explains that the research problem in qualitative research is a phenomenon to be explored or understood. When selecting a problem, it should be open-ended, descriptive, interpretive, and process-oriented. Problems can come from personal experience, literature reviews, or secondary sources. The problem is then narrowed down and ensured to be clear, significant, and linked to qualitative research. Examples of qualitative nursing research problems include exploring patient or provider experiences, evaluating interventions, or understanding core concepts. The selected problem statement must be critiqued for clarity, significance, and fit with qualitative methods.
11 critically readingepidstudies
This document provides guidance on critically reading epidemiological studies. It discusses the importance of having clear objectives when reading, developing epidemiological literacy, and following a systematic process of reading studies. Key aspects of epidemiological articles are outlined, including their typical organization. Questions are provided as a framework for critically evaluating epidemiological studies. Guidance is given on writing critiques, including assessing strengths and weaknesses. The overall aim is to help readers develop their skills in critically assessing epidemiological research.
5065TEF Essay
The document provides guidance for Assessment item 1. Students are instructed to write a 1500-word analysis of a selected research paper that considers the appropriateness of the research design and is underpinned by research methods literature. Students should discuss elements of the research paper like the philosophical approach, qualitative vs. quantitative methods, sampling, and ethical considerations. The analysis should also consider alternative approaches and draw conclusions about the importance of research design choices.
Recommended
Academic Corruption and Misconduct
This document discusses various forms of academic misconduct including fabrication of data, cherry picking results, and harking. It notes that misconduct leads to artificially strong positive results and positive publication bias. Examples of misconduct include plagiarism, double publication, and undeserved authorship. Trends show misconduct is increasing as evidenced by rising retraction rates and disappearing negative results. Those who engage in misconduct tend to be highly respected researchers who publish proficiently and quickly. Potential remedies include improved mentoring, blinded data assessment, and strong leadership.
Data gathering & analysis
This document discusses key components of data gathering and analysis for doctoral research, including six components of data gathering and analysis: introduction, demographics, data, findings, discussion, and summary/conclusions. It also notes key differences between quantitative and qualitative methods, with quantitative using statistical/data analysis and fixed designs to test hypotheses, while qualitative uses conceptual/text analysis and emergent or flexible designs to generate understanding. Finally, it addresses translating texts into themes and concepts during analysis.
Research Methodology - Selecting an evaluation
This document compares and contrasts qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches to evaluation. Qualitative approaches rely on non-numerical, interpretive data collected in natural settings without constrained responses. Quantitative approaches focus on counted, quantified data with limited response options. Mixed methods combine both qualitative and quantitative elements but must balance the two approaches. The author outlines advantages and disadvantages of each, such as qualitative providing explanations but being expensive, and quantitative being efficient but not providing reasons. Selection criteria for the appropriate method depends on the evaluation goals and whether stories, numbers, or both are emphasized.
Basics of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Part 1
This document discusses the basics of conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, including choosing a novel and interesting topic where evidence is still unclear, writing a protocol according to PRISMA-P guidelines and registering the review, searching various databases and other sources for literature, developing a search strategy and flowchart for study selection, and ensuring an exhaustive literature review by obtaining full texts and contacting authors and experts for unpublished work or additional data.
Chapter 3
This document discusses evidence-based practice and research on instructional effectiveness. It addresses three approaches to research: determining what works, when it works, and how it works. Key points covered include identifying relevant research by looking for similar situations and appropriate research methods, interpreting results by considering sample size, measures used, treatment implementation, and confounding variables, and determining significance through effect sizes. The document provides guidance on critically evaluating research studies to inform instructional practices.
Research problems in qualitative research
This document discusses selecting research problems for qualitative research. It explains that the research problem in qualitative research is a phenomenon to be explored or understood. When selecting a problem, it should be open-ended, descriptive, interpretive, and process-oriented. Problems can come from personal experience, literature reviews, or secondary sources. The problem is then narrowed down and ensured to be clear, significant, and linked to qualitative research. Examples of qualitative nursing research problems include exploring patient or provider experiences, evaluating interventions, or understanding core concepts. The selected problem statement must be critiqued for clarity, significance, and fit with qualitative methods.
11 critically readingepidstudies
This document provides guidance on critically reading epidemiological studies. It discusses the importance of having clear objectives when reading, developing epidemiological literacy, and following a systematic process of reading studies. Key aspects of epidemiological articles are outlined, including their typical organization. Questions are provided as a framework for critically evaluating epidemiological studies. Guidance is given on writing critiques, including assessing strengths and weaknesses. The overall aim is to help readers develop their skills in critically assessing epidemiological research.
5065TEF Essay
The document provides guidance for Assessment item 1. Students are instructed to write a 1500-word analysis of a selected research paper that considers the appropriateness of the research design and is underpinned by research methods literature. Students should discuss elements of the research paper like the philosophical approach, qualitative vs. quantitative methods, sampling, and ethical considerations. The analysis should also consider alternative approaches and draw conclusions about the importance of research design choices.
Intro to quant_s_tudents
This document provides an overview of introductory quantitative methods concepts including:
- The differences between qualitative and quantitative research
- The main goals of quantitative research such as measurement, generalization, and establishing causality
- Key terms like operationalization, variables, and levels of measurement
- The four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio
- Where to find data and statistics at the University of Victoria
EBD session 3
This document discusses academic writing and referencing. It introduces plagiarism and how to avoid it using citations and references. Formatting guidelines are provided for different types of references, including books, book chapters, and journal articles. Students are instructed to use EndNote software to organize their references and generate in-text citations and bibliographies in Word documents. Activities are outlined for students to practice identifying reference elements, entering references into EndNote, and using EndNote's "Cite While You Write" function with a provided exercise.
Introduction to Data Management in Human Ecology
This document provides an introduction to data management concepts in human ecology. It defines data and describes common data types like qualitative and quantitative data. It also discusses topics like sources of data, types of statistical analyses, strategies for computer-aided analysis, principles of statistical analysis, and interpreting p-values. Examples of statistical programs and various statistical analysis methods for comparing groups and exploring relationships between variables are also outlined.
Evidence Based Medicine - Overview
Evidence-Based Medicine - Overview
- How to be a good doctor - A step in Health promotion
- By Ibrahim A. Abdelhaleem - Zagazig Medical Research Society (ZMRS)
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
The document provides instructions for an independent study project on research methods in sociology. Students will be assigned one research method from a list to create a resource on, covering how it is used, strengths, weaknesses, ethical issues, examples in sociology and health, connections to sociological perspectives, and references. Resources can be presented through diagrams, charts, presentations or documents and will be shared with other students.
Critiquing and evaluating health literature and manuscripts
This document discusses how to critique and evaluate health literature and manuscripts. It provides elements to consider when critiquing a research study, including evaluating the study purpose, research design, literature review, research questions/hypotheses, study sample, data collection, results, analysis, recommendations and conclusions. It also introduces the STROBE checklist, which provides guidance on reporting observational studies to ensure transparency.
Powerpoint presentation model
This document provides an outline for presenting the findings of a research study. It includes sections to introduce the topic, describe the type of study conducted and how participants were selected, measures used, analysis methods, results in relation to hypotheses and other research, implications, and limitations. The presentation should provide enough detail for others to evaluate the trustworthiness of the study without overwhelming them with excessive information.
Clinical Research for Medical Students
This presentation discusses (1) the importance of clinical research to medical students, (2) barriers towards student research, and (3) how to select a good mentor.
Getting published.edinburgh feb2014.tg
This document summarizes Dr. Trish Groves' presentation on how to survive peer review and get published. The presentation covers selecting an appropriate study design to match the research question, ensuring ethical research practices, writing each section of a research paper, choosing the right journal, and navigating the peer review process. Dr. Groves emphasizes writing clearly and honestly, following reporting guidelines, considering all ethical issues, and being transparent about any competing interests. The goal is to conduct and report research rigorously according to best practices.
Research Process Explained
Research is defined as exploring a topic through a systematic process. The research process involves selecting a topic, writing a proposal and dissertation, editing, analyzing data, and completing the research paper. Key steps include selecting a unique and relevant topic, writing a proposal that summarizes the dissertation, analyzing collected primary or secondary data to find solutions, and undergoing a viva voce defense with university professionals. Experts can provide advice to guide researchers through each step of the process.
Class 4 Surveys
The document discusses sampling, surveys, and developing survey questions. It notes that random sampling is ideal but often not possible. Surveys can be administered in different ways like face-to-face, phone, or self-administered. There are closed and open questions, and different types of scales for measuring responses like nominal, ordinal, interval. Developing good survey questions requires field testing for clarity, missing responses, and bias. Common errors to avoid include two-part questions, unclear definitions, leading questions, and technical jargon.
Some Glaring Mistakes made by Researchers in Education in Statistical Analysis
The presentation discusses a few examples of the commonly made mistakes by researchers in education in statistical analysis.
Rubrics- the Versatile and Practical Choice February 2016
This document discusses the use of rubrics in academic advising at a university. It describes how rubrics were chosen as a versatile assessment tool, outlines the process of creating rubrics to evaluate student learning outcomes, and shares examples of rubrics used to assess whether students know their major and general education requirements and can select courses based on goals. Data from the rubrics show advisors' ratings of students in these areas. The document concludes by discussing using the assessment data to identify areas for improvement and make changes to advising practices.
Critical Research Question Help
The document provides guidance on developing a good research question for a critical research study. A good research question should be about a topic the researcher finds interesting and relevant. It should allow for analysis and interpretation of data without being too narrow. Researchers should avoid closed questions or those focused only on effects. A good research question will be open-ended, allow for sub-questions, and make possible intellectually interesting answers. Researchers should ensure their question and methodology are coherent and address the key concepts required for the study. Putting careful thought into the research question is vital for a successful project.
Critical Research Introduction
This document outlines the requirements for an independent critical research study unit worth 30% of an A2 course. Students choose from 5 topic areas and define a research question. The unit involves using secondary and primary research methods over 6 weeks plus the Christmas holiday. Students are allowed to bring 4 pages of handwritten notes into the 2 hour exam. Regular deadlines are provided for completing research stages. The goal is for students to demonstrate coverage of key concepts and a range of research sources and methods through their individual work.
Summerschool 2013 UMCG Pediatrics & Neuroscience
This document provides information about PubMed and impact factors and includes exercises for a summer school session on pediatrics and neuroscience. It discusses how to formulate search questions using the PICO framework in PubMed, defines impact factors and how they are calculated, explains other measures of impact like h-index and top 25% of journals, and provides examples and exercises for participants to practice citation analysis and calculating h-index.
Reporting research: writing papers, responding to reviewers, and appealing
- Dr. Trish Groves is the Head of Research at BMJ and editor-in-chief of BMJ Open. She gave a presentation on reporting research, including writing papers, responding to reviewers, and appealing rejections.
- She discussed key stages in the research reporting process like following reporting guidelines, structuring papers using IMRAD, addressing reviewer feedback or appealing rejections, and common reasons why papers are rejected like methodological flaws or incomplete reporting.
- Groves provided guidance on writing different sections of a research paper effectively like the introduction, methods, results, and discussion, and highlighted principles for clear scientific writing.
5 useful things he libraries offer students
'Not just the usual books...5 useful things that HE libraries offer students' Introduces some of the services and resources that university libraries offer students
Research methodology
The document provides an overview of research methodologies that could be used for studies conducted in an academic library setting. It discusses 7 potential research study topics that include assessing student learning outcomes, developing a library collection allocation formula, examining the impact of virtual reference services, and evaluating library user satisfaction. The document also outlines basic steps for conducting research like identifying a topic and questions, defining the study population, selecting a design and measurements, gathering and interpreting evidence. Finally, it discusses common methodologies like qualitative and quantitative approaches and some typical areas libraries conduct research like online resources, instruction programs, and user behaviors.
Ppt. selection of research problem
The document discusses the selection of research problems in nursing. It outlines sources that nursing research problems can come from, such as personal experiences, literature, theories, and previous studies. Factors like ethics, significance, and feasibility must be considered when determining a research problem. The process of selecting a specific problem involves first identifying potential problems and then evaluating them based on criteria like general interest, ability to study, and implications for nursing. An example research problem and statement are provided on examining opinions about men and women entering the nursing career. Guidelines for critiquing a problem statement, like ensuring clarity and inclusion of key elements, are also outlined.
What is Science?
The document discusses identifying bias in scientific studies. It states that good science minimizes bias through random sampling, minimizing measurement bias, and having a large enough sample size. Bias can influence results and different scientists may find different solutions to the same problem. The scientific community engages in quality control like independent duplication of studies and peer review to eliminate bias. Results are more reliable if verified through these methods.
Presentation 1
The document discusses identifying bias in scientific studies. It states that good science minimizes bias through random sampling, minimizing measurement bias, and accounting for multiple factors. Bias can come from the language used, data reported, and source of the data. The scientific community engages in quality control like independent duplication of results and peer review to eliminate bias.
More Related Content
What's hot
Intro to quant_s_tudents
This document provides an overview of introductory quantitative methods concepts including:
- The differences between qualitative and quantitative research
- The main goals of quantitative research such as measurement, generalization, and establishing causality
- Key terms like operationalization, variables, and levels of measurement
- The four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio
- Where to find data and statistics at the University of Victoria
EBD session 3
This document discusses academic writing and referencing. It introduces plagiarism and how to avoid it using citations and references. Formatting guidelines are provided for different types of references, including books, book chapters, and journal articles. Students are instructed to use EndNote software to organize their references and generate in-text citations and bibliographies in Word documents. Activities are outlined for students to practice identifying reference elements, entering references into EndNote, and using EndNote's "Cite While You Write" function with a provided exercise.
Introduction to Data Management in Human Ecology
This document provides an introduction to data management concepts in human ecology. It defines data and describes common data types like qualitative and quantitative data. It also discusses topics like sources of data, types of statistical analyses, strategies for computer-aided analysis, principles of statistical analysis, and interpreting p-values. Examples of statistical programs and various statistical analysis methods for comparing groups and exploring relationships between variables are also outlined.
Evidence Based Medicine - Overview
Evidence-Based Medicine - Overview
- How to be a good doctor - A step in Health promotion
- By Ibrahim A. Abdelhaleem - Zagazig Medical Research Society (ZMRS)
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
The document provides instructions for an independent study project on research methods in sociology. Students will be assigned one research method from a list to create a resource on, covering how it is used, strengths, weaknesses, ethical issues, examples in sociology and health, connections to sociological perspectives, and references. Resources can be presented through diagrams, charts, presentations or documents and will be shared with other students.
Critiquing and evaluating health literature and manuscripts
This document discusses how to critique and evaluate health literature and manuscripts. It provides elements to consider when critiquing a research study, including evaluating the study purpose, research design, literature review, research questions/hypotheses, study sample, data collection, results, analysis, recommendations and conclusions. It also introduces the STROBE checklist, which provides guidance on reporting observational studies to ensure transparency.
Powerpoint presentation model
This document provides an outline for presenting the findings of a research study. It includes sections to introduce the topic, describe the type of study conducted and how participants were selected, measures used, analysis methods, results in relation to hypotheses and other research, implications, and limitations. The presentation should provide enough detail for others to evaluate the trustworthiness of the study without overwhelming them with excessive information.
Clinical Research for Medical Students
This presentation discusses (1) the importance of clinical research to medical students, (2) barriers towards student research, and (3) how to select a good mentor.
Getting published.edinburgh feb2014.tg
This document summarizes Dr. Trish Groves' presentation on how to survive peer review and get published. The presentation covers selecting an appropriate study design to match the research question, ensuring ethical research practices, writing each section of a research paper, choosing the right journal, and navigating the peer review process. Dr. Groves emphasizes writing clearly and honestly, following reporting guidelines, considering all ethical issues, and being transparent about any competing interests. The goal is to conduct and report research rigorously according to best practices.
Research Process Explained
Research is defined as exploring a topic through a systematic process. The research process involves selecting a topic, writing a proposal and dissertation, editing, analyzing data, and completing the research paper. Key steps include selecting a unique and relevant topic, writing a proposal that summarizes the dissertation, analyzing collected primary or secondary data to find solutions, and undergoing a viva voce defense with university professionals. Experts can provide advice to guide researchers through each step of the process.
Class 4 Surveys
The document discusses sampling, surveys, and developing survey questions. It notes that random sampling is ideal but often not possible. Surveys can be administered in different ways like face-to-face, phone, or self-administered. There are closed and open questions, and different types of scales for measuring responses like nominal, ordinal, interval. Developing good survey questions requires field testing for clarity, missing responses, and bias. Common errors to avoid include two-part questions, unclear definitions, leading questions, and technical jargon.
Some Glaring Mistakes made by Researchers in Education in Statistical Analysis
The presentation discusses a few examples of the commonly made mistakes by researchers in education in statistical analysis.
Rubrics- the Versatile and Practical Choice February 2016
This document discusses the use of rubrics in academic advising at a university. It describes how rubrics were chosen as a versatile assessment tool, outlines the process of creating rubrics to evaluate student learning outcomes, and shares examples of rubrics used to assess whether students know their major and general education requirements and can select courses based on goals. Data from the rubrics show advisors' ratings of students in these areas. The document concludes by discussing using the assessment data to identify areas for improvement and make changes to advising practices.
Critical Research Question Help
The document provides guidance on developing a good research question for a critical research study. A good research question should be about a topic the researcher finds interesting and relevant. It should allow for analysis and interpretation of data without being too narrow. Researchers should avoid closed questions or those focused only on effects. A good research question will be open-ended, allow for sub-questions, and make possible intellectually interesting answers. Researchers should ensure their question and methodology are coherent and address the key concepts required for the study. Putting careful thought into the research question is vital for a successful project.
Critical Research Introduction
This document outlines the requirements for an independent critical research study unit worth 30% of an A2 course. Students choose from 5 topic areas and define a research question. The unit involves using secondary and primary research methods over 6 weeks plus the Christmas holiday. Students are allowed to bring 4 pages of handwritten notes into the 2 hour exam. Regular deadlines are provided for completing research stages. The goal is for students to demonstrate coverage of key concepts and a range of research sources and methods through their individual work.
Summerschool 2013 UMCG Pediatrics & Neuroscience
This document provides information about PubMed and impact factors and includes exercises for a summer school session on pediatrics and neuroscience. It discusses how to formulate search questions using the PICO framework in PubMed, defines impact factors and how they are calculated, explains other measures of impact like h-index and top 25% of journals, and provides examples and exercises for participants to practice citation analysis and calculating h-index.
Reporting research: writing papers, responding to reviewers, and appealing
- Dr. Trish Groves is the Head of Research at BMJ and editor-in-chief of BMJ Open. She gave a presentation on reporting research, including writing papers, responding to reviewers, and appealing rejections.
- She discussed key stages in the research reporting process like following reporting guidelines, structuring papers using IMRAD, addressing reviewer feedback or appealing rejections, and common reasons why papers are rejected like methodological flaws or incomplete reporting.
- Groves provided guidance on writing different sections of a research paper effectively like the introduction, methods, results, and discussion, and highlighted principles for clear scientific writing.
5 useful things he libraries offer students
'Not just the usual books...5 useful things that HE libraries offer students' Introduces some of the services and resources that university libraries offer students
Research methodology
The document provides an overview of research methodologies that could be used for studies conducted in an academic library setting. It discusses 7 potential research study topics that include assessing student learning outcomes, developing a library collection allocation formula, examining the impact of virtual reference services, and evaluating library user satisfaction. The document also outlines basic steps for conducting research like identifying a topic and questions, defining the study population, selecting a design and measurements, gathering and interpreting evidence. Finally, it discusses common methodologies like qualitative and quantitative approaches and some typical areas libraries conduct research like online resources, instruction programs, and user behaviors.
Ppt. selection of research problem
The document discusses the selection of research problems in nursing. It outlines sources that nursing research problems can come from, such as personal experiences, literature, theories, and previous studies. Factors like ethics, significance, and feasibility must be considered when determining a research problem. The process of selecting a specific problem involves first identifying potential problems and then evaluating them based on criteria like general interest, ability to study, and implications for nursing. An example research problem and statement are provided on examining opinions about men and women entering the nursing career. Guidelines for critiquing a problem statement, like ensuring clarity and inclusion of key elements, are also outlined.
What's hot (20)
Critiquing and evaluating health literature and manuscripts
Critiquing and evaluating health literature and manuscripts
Some Glaring Mistakes made by Researchers in Education in Statistical Analysis
Some Glaring Mistakes made by Researchers in Education in Statistical Analysis
Rubrics- the Versatile and Practical Choice February 2016
Rubrics- the Versatile and Practical Choice February 2016
Reporting research: writing papers, responding to reviewers, and appealing
Reporting research: writing papers, responding to reviewers, and appealing
Similar to Bastian denver ahcj_stats_ftw_2014-03-27
What is Science?
The document discusses identifying bias in scientific studies. It states that good science minimizes bias through random sampling, minimizing measurement bias, and having a large enough sample size. Bias can influence results and different scientists may find different solutions to the same problem. The scientific community engages in quality control like independent duplication of studies and peer review to eliminate bias. Results are more reliable if verified through these methods.
Presentation 1
The document discusses identifying bias in scientific studies. It states that good science minimizes bias through random sampling, minimizing measurement bias, and accounting for multiple factors. Bias can come from the language used, data reported, and source of the data. The scientific community engages in quality control like independent duplication of results and peer review to eliminate bias.
presentation_1 (1).ppt
The document discusses key aspects of science:
1. Science aims to understand the natural world through observation and testing of hypotheses, not to prove ideas.
2. Objectivity is important to good science - experiments must be designed to minimize bias.
3. Two main types of bias are sampling bias, from an unrepresentative sample, and measurement bias, from an inaccurate measurement method.
4. The scientific community uses independent verification of results and peer review to reduce bias in published findings.
Presentation 1
The document discusses key aspects of science:
1. Science aims to understand the natural world through observation and testing of hypotheses, not to prove ideas.
2. Objectivity is important to good science - experiments must be designed to minimize bias.
3. Two main types of bias are sampling bias, from an unrepresentative sample, and measurement bias, from an inaccurate measurement method.
4. The scientific community uses independent verification of results and peer review to reduce bias in published findings.
Ian's UnityHealth 2019 grand rounds suicide prevention
This document discusses suicide prevention and provides an overview of a presentation on the topic. It begins with background on suicide rates in Ontario and challenges with suicide data collection. It then covers contemporary theories of suicide and the disconnect between what is known and current practices. The presentation aims to describe suicide as a broader issue, discuss quality improvement approaches to prevention, and promote the Project Nøw initiative to improve care for those at risk of suicide. Project Nøw is a collaborative effort between healthcare, education, and community sectors in Peel Region, Ontario to develop a coordinated suicide prevention strategy with the goal of preventing all youth suicide.
Types of research studies, advantages and Disadvantages
Prof Syed Mulazim Hussain Bukhari
Prof of Pathology, Director, Research UCMD, UOL
MBBS, DCP, CHPE, MPhil, FCPS, Ph.D., Post Doc
Bastian ohri-2015
Slides for my talk at the 10th annual Clinical Research Training Course, OHRI, Ottawa on 22 October 2015
The Stats Method
1) The document discusses the importance of teaching medical students, interns, and residents how to critically evaluate medical literature using the STATS method.
2) It provides background on the growth of medical research publications but notes that physicians have little time to read them and that about half may contain errors.
3) The STATS method is introduced as a mnemonic to guide the evaluation of medical studies, focusing on the Sample, Treatment, Argument, and Testing/Significance.
Oral Health Research (lecture 2)
This document provides an overview of qualitative and quantitative research methods, mixed methods research, and how research can be used to inform patient-centered care in dentistry. It discusses the differences between qualitative and quantitative research in terms of objectives, data collection and analysis. It also reviews inductive and deductive approaches and the hypothetico-deductive model. The document then examines how qualitative and quantitative methods can be combined in mixed methods research, providing examples of sequential and concurrent mixed methods designs. Finally, it discusses how evidence-based dentistry and an understanding of patient preferences are important for providing patient-centered care.
1Methods and Statistical AnalysisName xxx
1
Methods and Statistical Analysis
Name xxx
United State University
Course xxx
Professor xxxx
Date xxx
The Evaluative Criteria
The process of analyzing a healthcare plan to see if it meets its goals takes some time. Because it promotes an evidence-based approach, assessment is crucial in practice consignment. Evaluation can be used to assess the effectiveness of the research. It helps determine what changes could be recommended to improve service delivery and the study's persuasiveness. An impact evaluation analyzes the intervention's direct and indirect, positive and negative, planned and unplanned consequences. If an evaluation fails to deliver fresh recognition regularly, it may result in inaccurate results and conclusions. A healthcare practitioner can utilize the indicators or variables to evaluate programs and determine whether they are legal or not (Dash et al., 2019). The variables are also used to assess if the mediation is on track to meet its objectives and obligations. Participation rates, prevalence, and individual behaviors are among the measures to be addressed.
Individual behaviors are actions taken by individuals to improve their health. People have been denied the assistance and resources they seek because of ethics and plans. In addition, different people have varied perspectives about pressure ulcers treatment. Relevance refers to how the study may contribute to a worthwhile cause (Li et al., 2019). Quality variables give statistics on the precariously rising service consignment while also attempting to provide information on the part of the care that may be changed. The participation rate refers to the total number of people participating in the study.
On the other hand, individuals may be unable to engage in the study due to a lack of cultural knowledge and ineffective consent processes. The overall number of persons in a population who have a health disease at a given time is referred to as prevalence (Li et al., 2019). Although prevalence shows the rate at which new facts arrive, it aids in determining the suitable, complete outcome-positive prestige of people.
Research Approaches
The word "research approaches" refers to techniques and procedures to draw general conclusions concerning data collection, analysis, and explanation methods. In my research, I'll employ both quantitative and qualitative methods. A qualitative research technique will reveal deterrents and hindrances to practicing change by rationalizing the reasons behind specific demeanors (Li et al., 2019). Qualitative research will collect and evaluate non-numerical data to comprehend perspectives or opinions. It will also be utilized to learn everything there is to know about a subject or to develop new research ideologies.
The quantitative method focuses on goal data and statistical or numerical analysis of data collected through a questionnaire. In the healthcare field, quantitative research may develop and execute new or enhanced work meas ...
Bias in Research
Bias in research can occur at any stage from study design to publication. There are several types of bias including selection bias, information bias, and confounding bias. Selection bias occurs when the study sample is not representative of the target population. Information bias results from errors in measuring or classifying exposure and outcome variables. Confounding bias is introduced when a third variable is associated with both the exposure and outcome. Researchers should employ techniques like randomization, matching, and restriction to minimize bias.
April Heyward Research Methods Class Session - 7-22-2021
April Heyward taught Research Methods class to Master of Public Administration (MPA) students. Class slides from July 15, 2021.
OverviewAs a social science student, it is vitally important t.docx
Overview
As a social science student, it is vitally important that you become an educated consumer of social science research, even if you never get to conduct an actual research study.
You need to have a basic understanding of the steps in the scientific process, a familiarity with commonly used social science research designs and methods, and a knowledge of procedures for collecting and analyzing social science data.
This module provides very basic information about these topics. It addresses the following subjects:
· the scientific method
· qualitative and quantitative research
· data analysis and presentation
· discipline-specific research designs and methods The Scientific Method
The scientific method is a form of inquiry that was originally developed to answer questions in the natural sciences. The scientific method uses systematic observation and measurement to confirm or disconfirm hypotheses that most often are derived from underlying theories.
When a hypothesis is confirmed, it lends support to the underlying theory. When it is not confirmed, researchers must reformulate the theory and come up with other explanations. Scientists share their findings by presenting at conferences or publishing in peer-reviewed journals. Sharing results with the research world is an important part of the scientific method because science is an iterative activity.
As social scientists, we have a great challenge. Because we cannot exert complete control over human behavior, it is not possible to conduct true experiments. Real life cannot be captured in a lab, and human behavior cannot be explained by one or even two causes. This makes it difficult to determine "cause and effect." For example, if we are interested in knowing why poor people have compromised health outcomes, we would need to account for an impossibly large number of factors or variables such as race, ethnicity, genetic markers, income, education level, access to health care services, and living conditions.
Steps for Conducting a Research Study
Figure 4.1
Steps for Conducting a Research Study
Source: UMUC PSYC 100.
The use of the scientific method allows researchers to develop explanations of social science phenomena. The steps of the research process are explained from a psychological perspective in this tutorial (Bradley, 2000).
Step 1: Make an Observation
The starting place for any research study is an observation (idea) regarding a topic of interest to you, the researcher. It may come from a conversation with a friend, a book or television program, or the conclusion of a related research project. All that is needed at this point is your interest in pursuing the topic further.
Let's take an example that we will use for all of the steps in the process. You observe that you are able to memorize items such as telephone numbers better when you eat candy. Because of this, you wonder if there is a connection between the primary component of candy (sugar) and memory.
Step 2: Propose a Hypoth ...
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3LASA 1.docx
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3
LASA 1: FINAL PROJECT EARLY METHODS SECTION
THE ROLE OF INTROVERSION AND EXTRAVERSION
PERSONALITY TRAITS ON MARITAL BLISS
STUDENT
_______ UNIVERSITY
PSY302-A01 Research Methods
Professor
April 15, 2015
Author Note:
This research was carried out as a partial fulfillment towards research methods course by.
Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to
1. What is your research question?
What is the significance of extroversion and introversion in marriage?
1. What is your hypothesis or hypotheses? What is the null hypothesis?
Null Hypothesis: Extroversion brings along successful family institution and marital bliss.
Alternate hypothesis: Extroversion does not bring along successful family institution and marital bliss.
1. How many participants would you like to use and why? What are the inclusion characteristics, i.e., what must they have in order to be included in your study (for example, gender, diagnosis, age, personality traits, etc.)? Are there any exclusion characteristics, i.e. are there certain characteristics that would exclude them from being in your study? Does the sample need to be diverse? Why or why not?
20 participants will be engaged in the research study. This is a small number that is easier to manage as well as coordinate their activities during the data collection exercise. Ideally, participants are required and are normally sampled from a large population to be a representative. The nature of the study will require the researcher to get participants who have experiences in marriage. On gender, I will sample equal number of men and women to act as the representative of the general population. The approach is guided by the population in the community where the number of women and men is at par. On age, I will pick individuals from across ages although the highest percentage will constitute of married individuals between the age of 30 and 40 years. Further, I will also pick four individuals who have divorced with the aim of understanding whether introversion or extroversion contributed to their divorce. I will also look at the personal traits of individuals; hence will both social and anti-social individuals. The target participants will precise, representative and homogeneous. They will then be divided into different sets or strata that are mutually exclusive in order to aid it obtaining a systematic process of research.
1. What sampling technique will be used to collect your sample? What population does yoursample generalize to?
Being a qualitative research, the research will utilize the sampling method in the collection of data. Surveying and questionnaire are the main data collection methods that are normally used in quantitative research. The methods aids in understanding the behavior and effects from different members of the focus groups. The approach helps to reduce biases that may emerge when using a bigger population size while at the same time gu ...
The Art and Science of Survey Research
This is a modified version of Master Class that Dr Siobhan O'Dwyer delivered at the Griffith University School of Nursing's Annual Research School for postgraduate students.
introductoin to Biostatistics ( 1st and 2nd lec ).ppt
This document provides an introduction to biostatistics. It discusses key concepts including descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, hypothesis testing, and sampling techniques. It outlines the role of biostatistics in various areas like clinical medicine, preventive medicine, health planning and evaluation, and medical research. Biostatistics helps manage uncertainties in medicine by providing statistical methods to analyze data, evaluate treatments and programs, and make inferences about populations. It is important for designing valid research studies and interpreting medical literature.
Unpacking Nutrition Research and being an effective Science Communicator
Understand what can make nutrition research confusing in the conclusions it reaches and appreciate the key questions to ask when critiquing a research study. Then discover the principles of clear and effective science communication and how to maintain credibility and engage people in different ways on social media,
Unit 2
Research methods involve systematically studying variables and their relationships through measurement, sampling, and data collection. Key terms include independent and dependent variables, operational definitions, reliability and validity of measures, experimental and correlational designs, surveys, and ethical guidelines when conducting research with human subjects. Experiments allow determining causal relationships by manipulating an independent variable and measuring its effect on a dependent variable. Correlational studies identify natural relationships between variables but cannot determine cause and effect.
Introduction to nursing research
The document provides an overview of nursing research, including the importance of research, different types of research designs, and the major phases of the research process. It discusses how nursing research applies the scientific method to study topics relevant to nursing practice. The goal is to improve patient care by integrating research findings into clinical decision making. The document also outlines key concepts in research methodology, such as variables, data collection, rigor, and sampling.
Search Concepts, Methods, Resources, and Tools
These are slides I used for a presentation to a group of graduate students about to undertake their field work for their capstone project in public health. The aim of the presentation was to provide guidance for topic selection, developing research questions, creating search strategies, conducting searches, and managing search results. The concepts and and methods are informed by standards for systematic review but are presented at a more general and less rigorous level.
Similar to Bastian denver ahcj_stats_ftw_2014-03-27 (20)
Ian's UnityHealth 2019 grand rounds suicide prevention
Ian's UnityHealth 2019 grand rounds suicide prevention
Types of research studies, advantages and Disadvantages
Types of research studies, advantages and Disadvantages
April Heyward Research Methods Class Session - 7-22-2021
April Heyward Research Methods Class Session - 7-22-2021
OverviewAs a social science student, it is vitally important t.docx
OverviewAs a social science student, it is vitally important t.docx
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3LASA 1.docx
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3LASA 1.docx
introductoin to Biostatistics ( 1st and 2nd lec ).ppt
introductoin to Biostatistics ( 1st and 2nd lec ).ppt
Unpacking Nutrition Research and being an effective Science Communicator
Unpacking Nutrition Research and being an effective Science Communicator
Bastian denver ahcj_stats_ftw_2014-03-27
- 1. Hilda Bastian @hildabast Association of Health Care Journalists (AHCJ) Health Journalism 2014, Denver 27 March Statistically Funny blogspot Absolutely Maybe at Scientific American
- 2. Think through the context of what happened, the methods of collection and method of analysis before analyzing the data With extra academic spin
- 3. • If it’s the wrong study type, statistics can’t save it • Statistics & methods evolve • Think of studies, study reports & outcomes separately…
- 4. The strength & quality of data vary within a study. And always lo for all outcomes not just the ones researchers point you to... especially
- 7. hocolate…
- 8. Always think about confidence intervals/margins of error, matching use of numbers & language to data certainty (47.23% or just less than half?)
- 9. Lights…
- 11. Miller et al, 2014
- 12. Independent UK Panel on Breast Cancer Screening, 2012
- 13. Miller et al, 2014
- 14. Independent UK Panel on Breast Cancer Screening, 2012
- 15. The biggest bias we have to deal with is our own.