The document summarizes the harmful substances found in cigarettes and their effects on the lungs. It lists the main substances in cigarettes as nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide. It then describes several other toxic and carcinogenic elements and chemicals found in tobacco and cigarette smoke, including benzopyrene, methanol, acetic acid, cadmium, formaldehyde, arsenic, ammonia, butane, nitrogen dioxide, endrin, and hydrogen cyanide. All of these substances can damage and destroy lung tissue over time.

1. BASIC SUBSTANCE OF CIGARETTE BASIC SUBSTANCE OF CIGARETTES AND THEIR HARMFUL EFFECTS

3. The lungs are made up of approximately 350 million tiny sacs called alveoli, where carbon dioxide from the body is exchanged for oxygen from the air. Various diseases that affect the lungs either destroy the alveoli directly, as does emphysema, or impair the alveoli’s ability to exchange gases. This picture shows the effects of emphysema (caused by smoking) on lung tissue.

5. Main substance of cigaretteNICOTINE - stimulantTAR- yellow brown substanceCARBON MONOXIDE- odorless and poisonous gas

6. Elements of tobaccoBENZOPYRENEYellowish crystalline solid in cigarette

7. METHANOL poisonous alcohol used in fuel or solvent

8. ACETIC ACIDMain component of vinegar

9. CADMIUM Metallic element in denture

10. FORMALDEHYDEgas, use to preserve organic substance

11. ARSENICPoisonous element used in glass manufacturing

12. AMMONIAGas, used in explosive and plastic

13. B UTANEFlammable gas used in fuel.

14. NITROGEN DIOXIDE – brown gas, poisonousPresent in smog Exhaust in vehicle

15. ENDRINinsecticide

16. HYDROGEN CYNIDE – very poisonous gas.

19. questionWHAT ARE THE SUBSTANCES THAT CAN BE FOUND IN A TOBACCO?