The document discusses the basic structure doctrine of the Indian Constitution. It outlines key cases like Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala that established that Parliament does not have unlimited power to amend the Constitution and cannot damage its basic structure. The basic features identified by judges include the supremacy of the Constitution, republican and democratic form of government, secularism, separation of powers, federalism, and unity and integrity of the nation. Later cases like Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain added free and fair elections as a basic feature, while Minerva Mills v. Union of India established that harmonizing fundamental rights and directive principles is also a basic structure. In conclusion, the basic structure doctrine has

1. PRESENTED BY ; SHIVANI PRAJAPATI

2. CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. CASE LAW
3. BASIC STRUCTURE INGREDIENT

3. INTRODUCTION
 Article 13 & 368
 theory of basic structure has a background rooted
in the right to property.
 stages in Basic Structure Theory
 Pre-Kesavananda position
 Kesavananda Decision
 Post-Kesavananda

4. CASES BEFORE KESHAVANANDA
1) Shankari Prasad v. Union of India (AIR 1951)
2) Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan (AIR 1965)
3) Golak Nath v. State of Punjab (AIR 1967 SC
1643)

5. KESHAVANANDA BHARTI VS STATE OF
KERALA
 BIRTH of basic structure in 24th amendment
 that parliament has power to amend constitution
except basic structure
 Change the marginal heading

6. WHAT CONSTITUTES BASIC STRUCTURE?
 As per chief justice Sikri
 Supremacy of Constitution
 Republican and Democratic form of Govt.
 Secular character of Constitution
 Separation of powers
 Federal Character

7.  As per Shelat and Grover
 Those 5 enumerated by Sikri and also these: –
Mandate to build welfare state under Par IV – Unity
and Integrity of the nation
 As per Jaganmohan Reddy:
 Basic structure could be implied from the
Preamble

8. INDIRA NEHRU GANDHI V. RAJ NARAIN
(AIR 1975)
• • The 39th Amendment was questioned before the
SC
• SC held that the amendment violated “free and fair
elections (democracy) and judicial review
• The amendment was striked down.
 Addition in basic feature

9. MINERVA MILLS V. UNION OF INDIA AIR 1980
SC 1789
• Held that, whenever there is a conflict between FR
and DPSP, harmony should be created between the
both
• Such harmony between FRs and DPSP is a basic
feature of Indian Constitution

10. CONCLUSION
Various scholars say that due to this doctrine, the
supremacy of Constitution has been preserved And
also, fundamental rights have been protected.