The document discusses Linux file systems and permissions. It describes the Virtual File System (VFS) interface and how it interacts with filesystems, inodes, and open files. It then discusses the EXT2 filesystem in more detail, including how inodes store file metadata and pointers to data blocks. It also covers how permissions and ownership are represented, and commands to view and modify permissions like chmod, chown, and umask. Finally, it briefly discusses hard and soft links, and sticky bits.

1. NETWORK ADMINISTRATION LINUX PREVIEW

4. I-Node and Data block in EXT2 FS

7. Directories in EXT2 FS Directories are implemented as a special type of files . Actually, a directory is a file containing a list of entries . Each entry contains an inode number and a file name .

11. Permissions The first item, which specifies the file type, can show one of the following: d : a directory - (dash) : a regular file (rather than directory or link) l : a symbolic link to another program or file Beyond the first item, in each of the following three sets, you will see one of the following: r : file can be read w : file can be written to x : file can be executed (if it is a program) - ( rw- ) ( rw- ) ( r-- ) 1 sam sam | | | | Type owner group others

42. Linux Networking

63. Managing DNS Settings

64. Managing Hosts

67. Activating Devices

69. Activating Devices To verify that the alias has been activated, use the command ifconfig. The output should show the device and the device alias with different IP address