Basic Eschatology: An Introduction

Basic Eschatology:
An Introduction
4.9.2016

Introduction
• Why?
• Expert? no
• Series? no
• An Introduction
• Interactive
• Eschatos= last things
~ logy= study or knowledge

Doctrines
Examples
Tertiary Issues One cup
Musical instruments
Dress code
Primary Doctrines Eldership
Baptism by Immersion
Sign gifts
Dispensationalism
Eschatological view
Fundamentals of
Faith
Salvation by Faith
Christ alone
Scripture alone
Deity of Christ
Resurrection of Christ
Trinity

Content
1. Introduce the major views
a. Premillenial, Post-millennial, Amillenial
b. Pre-tribulation, Post-tribulation
2. Explain the main justification behind each view
3. Implications of each view
4. Why we believe in the Premillenial, Pre-tribulation view.
What we will NOT cover:
1. Details of the events during Great Tribulation
2. Details about the time of the Anti-Christ.
3. Details of Daniel’s 70 weeks (although we will discuss the
70th week)

Outline
• Introduction
• Three Key events
• 2 Key Interpretation Rules
• Three Views
• Summary

Three Key Events
 Millennium – Rev 20
 Great Tribulation – Matt 24
 Jacob’s trouble Jer 30:5-7
 Dan 9:27
 Rev 5-18
 Rapture – 1 Thess 4:13-18
 1 Cor 15:51-53

2 Key Interpretation Rules
 How literal is Literal?
 Is the Church = new Israel?

Millennium (Rev 20)
 Angel down from Heaven-v1
 1000 years – 6x
 Rev 20:2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Satan bound – deceive not – v3
 Saints reigned-v.4, 6
 First resurrection – v.5,6
 Satan released & deceived – v7
 The Great White Throne Judgment
Works – v11-13

Three Millennial Views
Premillennial
Millennium
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
Millennium
Post-Millennial
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
Symbolic Millennium
Amillennial
Christ reigns on earth literally
for 1000 years
Christ reigns through the church for 1000 years,
ushered in by the church
Christ reigns in the church, in the hearts of believers
during church age of symbolic 1000 years

2 Key interpretation rules
 How literal is Literal?
 Is the Church = new Israel?
(Church replace Israel?)

Does the Church replace Israel?
 Distinction between Israel & Church
 1 Cor 10:32
 Rom 11:1-2, 11, 25-32

(Is there earthly future for Israel?)
 Abrahamic Covenant
 Gen 12:1-3, 7 ; 15:5-20 ; 17:2-8 ; 28:13-15
 Literal Land promise
 Unconditional
 Unfulfilled
 Unceasing love - Jer 31:1-5, 31-40
 Covenant of Peace- Eze 34:1-2, 25-30

 Land Promises
 Forever - Jer 25:5 , Amos 9:15
 This Land - Jer 23:3-8, 24:34-7, 32:36-41
 Nations of the earth - Jer 33:6-9
 Own Land – Eze 28:25-26
 For My Name - Eze 36:22-28
 One Nation - Eze 37:21-25

 Davidic Covenant
 2 Sam 7:10-17 ; Ps 89:3-4
 Literal Kingdom 2 Sam 7:12
 Literal Temple 2 Sam 7:13
 David’s Kingdom forever 2 Sam 7:16
 Unconditional – “I will”
 Unceasing love - Jer 33:22-26 ,
Rom 11: 1-5, 11-12, 29-32
 Jews Understanding – Acts 1:6

The Great Tribulation (Matt 24)
 Great Tribulation – v21
 Abomination of desolation–v15 , Dan 9:27
 Sabbath – v20
 Cosmic – v29
 Nations Mourn – v30
 Son of Man in power & glory-v30
 Daniel’s people, Holy city- Dan 9:24
 Jacob’s trouble- Jer 30:5-7
 Blessings after Jacob’s trouble
 Jer 30:5-11, 17-18
 Isa 11:1-16

Three Key Events
 Millennium – Rev 20
 Great Tribulation – Matt 24
 Jacob’s trouble Jer 30:5-7
 Dan 9:27
 Rev 5-18
 Rapture – 1 Thess 4:13-18
 John 14:1-3
 1 Cor 15:51-53

Rapture
 1 Thess 4:13-18; 1 Cor 15:51-53
 Hope v13
 Lord personally – v16, John 14:1
 In the air – v17
 Comfort – v18
 Mystery – 1 Cor 15:51
 Twinkling of an eye – 1 Cor 15:52

Not for wrath
 1 Thess 4:13-18;
 Hope v13
 Comfort – v18
 Mystery – 1 Cor 15:51-53
 Wrath to come- 1 Thess 1:10 ; 5:9
 Jacob’s trouble – Jer 30:5-7
 Daniel’s people – Dan 9:24

Time Gap Principle
 Time Gap Principle
 Isa 61:1-2 cf Luke 4:17-21
 1 Peter 1:10-12 – cf Matt 24:30
 Dan 9:24-27

Three Views
Premillennial
Pre-Tribulational
MillenniumG.T.
2nd Coming
with Church
Coming
for Church;
Rapture
Last Judgment
Tribulation
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
Millennium
Post-Millennial
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
Symbolic Millennium G.T.
Amillennial

Amillennial View (1)
"Amillennialism," therefore, is the teaching about the thousand
year period of Revelation 20 that denies that this period is a
literal one thousand year period of history during which Christ
will establish an earthly kingdom in the world. Positively,
amillennialism holds that the thousand year period of Revelation
20 is a figurative description of the entire period from Christ's
exaltation until shortly before His second coming.
During this period two important events take place. One occurs
in the abyss: Satan is bound. The other happens in heaven: the
martyrs live and reign with Christ.
A DEFENSE OF (REFORMED)AMILLENNIALISM
Prof. David J. Engelsma – circa 1995-1996

 Interpretation by “Genre”
 1000 years symbolic of church age
 144K is symbolic of church
 Revelation is symbolism for church age
 Great Tribulation is for the church
 Second Coming, Rapture, Resurrection,
Simultaneous Judgment, same time.

 Church is the new Israel (Replacement
Theology)
 Israel has no earthly future
 Abrahamic covenant (2 views)
 Conditional on obedience
 Unconditional but fulfilled in Church

Amillennial Difficulties
 Revelation events occurs in Church age.

Amillennial Difficulties
 Revelation events occurs in Church age.
 Yet to be fulfilled Promises to Israel needs to be
spiritualized for the Church.

Authors
Premillennial Amillennial
JN Darby
CI Scofield
Harry A. Ironside
Gleason Archer
Donald G. Barnhouse
Hal Lindsey
Chuck Smith
John MacArthur
Charles Ryrie
Charles Stanley
Norman L Geisler
Tim LaHaye
Dave Hunt
Martin Luther
John Calvin
EY Mullins
Abraham Kuyper
GC Berkouwer
Herschel Hobbs
Stanley Grenz
JI Packer
DA Carson
Michael Wilcock
Reformed Theology
Anglican

Conclusion: 3 Key Rules
 Literal, plain meaning
 Church is NOT new Israel
 Church does NOT replace Israel
Premillennial
Pre-Tribulational
MillenniumG.T.
2nd Coming
with Church
Coming
for Church;
Rapture
Last Judgment

Premillennial vs Amillennial
Premillenial Amillennial
1. Stresses 'literal' interpretation. 1. Both literal and figurative interpretation.
2. 'Israel' always means only the literal,
physical descendants of Jacob
2. ‘Israel’ may mean either literal, physical
descendants of Jacob or the figurative,
spiritual Israel, depending on context.
3. 'Israel of God' in Gal. 6:16 means
physical Israel alone.
3. ‘Israel of God’ in Gal. 6:16 means
spiritual Israel, parallel to Gal. 3:29; Rom.
2:28-29, 9:6; Phil. 3:3.
4. God has 2 peoples with 2 separate
destinies: Israel (earthly) and the Church
(heavenly).
4. God has always had only 1 people, the
Church gradually developed.
5. The Church was born at Pentecost. 5. The Church began in O. T. (Acts 7:38)
and reached fulfillment in the N. T.
6. The Church was not prophesied as such
in the O.T. but was a hidden mystery until
the N.T
6. There are many O. T. prophecies of the
N. T. Church.

Premillennial vs Amillennial
Premillennial Amillennial
7. All O.T. prophecies for 'Israel' are for
literal Israel, not the Church.'
7. Some O. T. prophecies are for literal
Israel, others are for spiritual Israel.
8. The Church is a parenthesis in God's
program for the ages.
8. The Church is the culmination of God’s
saving purpose for the ages.
9. The main heir to Abraham's covenant was
Isaac and literal Israel.
9. The main heir to Abraham’s covenant was
Christ and spiritual Israel.
10. The 'New Covenant' of Jer. 31:31- 34 is
only for literal Israel and is not the New
Covenant of Lk.22:20.
10. The ‘New Covenant’ of Jer. 31 is the
same as in Lk. 22; both are for spiritual
Israel according to Heb. 8.
11. The Millennium will fulfill the Covenant
to Abraham. Israel has a future.
11. Christ fulfilled the Covenant to
Abraham. Some Covenanters believe in a
future for literal Israel, most don’t.

More Help
• Herald of Hope
• http://heraldofhope.org.au/
• GotQuestions
• http://www.gotquestions.org/Eschatology.html
• The Essential Guide to Bible Prophecy
• Tim LaHaye, Ed Hindson
• The Basis for Premillennial Faith
• Charles C. Ryrie
• Ung Kim Cheng
• http://www.berita-bethel-ung.com
• Four Views of the End Times
• Rose Publishing

Dispensationalism
 God is Immutable- does not change
 Jas 1:17 ; Heb 1:12; 13:8 ; Mal 3:6
 God deals with Man
Differently at Different times

Dispensationalism
 OT vs NT
 Food
 Adam - Gen 1:29
 Noah - Gen 9:3
 Israel - Lev 11
 Church - 1 Tim 4:1-5 ; 1 Cor 10:24-33 ;
- Acts 10:11-16 ; Rom 14:14-23

Dispensationalism
 Revelation
 Past & Now - Heb 1:1-2
 Mystery Hidden - Rom 16:25
 Preaching – Matt 10:5-7; Matt 28:19-20
 Law - John 1:17
 Tutor - Gal 3:19-25
 Shadow - Heb 10:1-5

Dispensationalism
 Oikonomia = administration, dispensation,
stewardship, economy
 Eph 1:10 That in the dispensation of the fulness of
times he might gather together in one all things in Christ,
both which are in heaven, and which are on earth; even
in him
–KJV
 Eph 1:10 to be put into effect when the times will have
reached their fulfillment--to bring all things in heaven
and on earth together under one head, even Christ. -
NIV

Dispensationalism
Summary
 Grammatico-Historical Interpretation
 Literal Interpretation
 Considering Recipient
 Church is NOT new Israel
 1 Cor 10:32
 Rom 11:1
 God’s Glory – Isa 42:8 ; 43:7
 “Covenant Theology”

Dispensationalism
GOD
Holy, Love, Just, Faithful
Faith, Grace

Delivery of the Law
 Addressed to:
 House of Jacob
 People of Israel
 Israel to be:
 Peculiar Treasure
 Kingdom of Priests
 Holy Nation
 1 Pet 2:9
 Preparation to Hear God
 Wash – 1 Cor 6:9-11
 Limits – Heb 10:18-22

Covenant Theology
Covenant theology (also known as Covenantalism, Federal theology,
or Federalism) is a Calvinist conceptual overview and interpretive
framework for understanding the overall flow of the Bible. It uses the
theological concept of covenant as an organizing principle for Christian
theology. The standard description of covenant theology views the
history of God's dealings with mankind, from Creation to Fall to
Redemption to Consummation, under the framework of the three
overarching theological covenants of redemption, works, and grace.
These three covenants are called theological because they are not
explicitly presented as such in the Bible but are thought to be
theologically implicit, describing and summarizing the wealth of
Scriptural data. Within historical Reformed systems of thought, covenant
theology is not merely treated as a point of doctrine or a central dogma,
but the structure by which the biblical text organizes itself.

Covenant Theology (2)
As a framework for biblical interpretation, covenant theology stands in
contrast to dispensationalism in regard to the relationship between the
Old Covenant with national Israel and the New Covenant with the house
of Israel (Jeremiah 31:31) in Christ's blood. That such a framework exists
appears to be at least feasible since from early times (if not in the New
Testament) of the Church the Bible of Israel has been known as the Old
Testament (or Covenant) in contrast to the Christian addition which has
been known as the New Testament (or Covenant). Covenant theology is
often referred to as "supersessionism," or "replacement theology" by its
detractors, due to the perception that it teaches that God has abandoned
the promises made to the Jews and has replaced the Jews with Christians
as his chosen people in the earth. Covenant theologians deny that God
has abandoned his promises to Israel, but see the fulfillment of the
promises to Israel in the person and the work of the Messiah, Jesus of
Nazareth, who established the church in organic continuity with Israel,
not a separate replacement entity.

Backup
While acknowledging that Jews exist as a people, the amillennialist attributes many
references to Israel in the New Testament to the Church in a “spiritual “sense.
Just how far they will go with this assertion is illustrated by a footnote in Wilcock’s book I
Saw Heaven Opened, in which he quotes Leon Morris with approval (Page 80).
“The church can be referred to as the twelve tribes (James 1:1 cf Matt.19:28, Luke 22:30)
and this is probably the thought when a letter is sent to ‘the dispersion’ (1Pet.1:1). The
Christian appears to be the true Jew (Rom.2:29) and the church the ‘Israel of God’
(Gal.6:16). Descriptions of the old Israel are piled up and applied to the church (1Pet.2:9
Eph.1:11,14). It is the church which is
God’s ‘pecular people’(Titus 2:14), and Christ’s own who are ‘Abraham’s seed’(Gal.3:29)
and ‘the circumcision’(Phil.3:3).
Many hold that ‘Israel after the flesh’(1Cor.10:18) implies an ‘Israel after the Spirit’. Here
in Revelation John in the same way speaks of those’which say they are Jews and are not,
but are of the synagogue of Satan’ (Rev.2:9 3:9). He regards the New Jerusalem as the
spiritual home of the Christians (Rev.21:2) and
it has on its gates the names of the twelve tribes (Rev.21:12). Leon
Morris page 114 The Revelation of St John “ - end quote.
HOH Amillennialism – pg 38

Three Views
 Premillennial
 Amillennial
 Postmillennial

Three Millenial Views
Premillennial
Millennium
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
Millennium
Post-Millennial
2nd Coming
Last Judgment
Symbolic Millennium G.T.
Amillennial

Amillennial’s Concurrent View

Premillennial Basis (1)
 Literal 1000 years on earth – Rev 20
 Literal 12 tribes – Rev 7:4-8
 1st Advent-interpretation
 30 pieces silver – Zech 11:12-13
 3 days & 3 nights – Matt 12:40
 Pierced – Ps 22:16
 Casting lots – Ps 22:18
 Bethlehem Micah 5:2
(ruler in Israel)

 Literal 70 yrs Exile
 Jer 25:11-12
 Jer 29:10-11
 Dan 9:2
 Zech 1:12 ; 7:4-5
 Distinction between Israel & Church
 1 Cor 10:32
 Rom 11:1-2, 11, 23-24, 25-29

 Abrahamic Covenant
 Gen 12:1-3, 7 ; 15:5-20 ; 17:2-8 ; 28:13-15
 Literal Land promise
 Unconditional
 Unfulfilled
 Blessings after Jacob’s trouble
 Jer 30:5-11, 17-18
 Isa 11:1-16
 Unceasing love - Jer 31:31-40

 Davidic Covenant
 2 Sam 7:12-17 ; Ps 89:3-4
 Literal Kingdom 2 Sam 7:12
 Literal Temple 2 Sam 7:13
 David’s Kingdom forever 2 Sam 7:16
 Unconditional – “I will”
 Unceasing love - Jer 33:22-26
 Jews Understanding – Acts 1:6

 Isa 61:1-2 cf Luke 4:17-21
 1 Peter 1:10 – cf Matt 24:30
 Dan 9:24-27

Basic Eschatology: An Introduction

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Basic Eschatology: An Introduction