Bamboo fiber is a natural, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly textile material produced from bamboo plants. It has high tensile strength, stability, durability, and inherent antibacterial and UV protective properties. Bamboo fibers are manufactured through either a chemical process involving treating crushed bamboo with sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide to form viscose solution and spinning into fibers, or a mechanical process using natural enzymes on crushed bamboo without extracting cellulose. Bamboo fiber is used for garments, socks, and medical products due to its softness, moisture absorption, UV protection, and natural antibacterial properties. It is a popular green textile material.

2. INTRODUCTION
Bamboo fibre is produced from bamboo plant. As a fibre, bamboo is a
natural cellulosic regenerated bio-degradable environment friendly textile
material. It is not only a green fibre but it has also inherent property of
antibacterial and UV-protective property. It is very useful due to high tensile
strength, stability and durability.

5. MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF BAMBOO

6. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

7. PROCESSING: -
Bamboo fibres are generally manufactured by two process. They are as
follows-
>Chemical Process
>Mechanical Process
The Bamboo fibres can be produced by two different chemical methods
depending upon type of fabric. Majority , the Bamboo fibres are produced
by Viscose Rayon processing method. This method is regenerated fibre
processing method.

8. RAYON PROCESSING METHOD: -
(i) At first bamboos are extracted and crushed.
(ii)Then in the presence of a solution of 20% NaOH at a temperature of 20 deg C
for 3 hours. The crushed bamboo is soaked. It forms an alkali solution.
(iii)Soda cellulose has to be crushed and left to dry for 24 hours.
(iv)To sulphurize the compounds CS2 is added to soda cellulose. It becomes jelly.
(v)Remaining CS2 is removed by evaporation and sodium cellulose xanthate is
formed
(vi)To create viscose solution NaOH is added. It is consisted of 5% NaOH and 7%-
15% bamboo fibre cellulose.
(vii)Bamboo solution is forced through the spinneret into container of dilute H2SO4
(viii)It solidifies into fibre which is then spun.

9. CLOSE LOOP SOLVENT SPINNING PROCESS: -
It is an eco-friendly process. It is also known as lyocell type spinning process. While
solvent use to make traditional viscose processing is wasted and end up in a biosphere,
the solvent used in closed-loop rayon production can be reused again and again.
MECHANICAL PROCESS: -
Here is no need to extract cellulose. In this process natural enzyme is used on crushed
bamboo wood fibres. Then they are washed and spun into yarn. The yarn which are
made from it usually has a silky texture. It is the natural processing of Bamboo Fibre

10. WHY USED?
(I) Green and Eco-friendly: - It is 100% cellulose. So, it is biodegradable in
nature. Bamboo fibres decomposes without causing any pollution.
(II)Anti-Bacterial Property: - Bamboo fibre has a unique anti-bacterial quality,
due to an antimicrobial bio agent called “Bamboo Kun”. It is found naturally in
living bamboo fibre. Due to “Kun”, Bamboo fibre is antimicrobial.
(III)Softness: - Bamboo fibre is finer and softer than cotton. It has better moisture
absorption and ventilation.
(IV)UV- protection property: - Bamboo made fabric has UV absorption property.
Ith can protect human body from UV ray.

11. USES: -
(i) As it has UV resistance property, it can be used for garments.
(ii)It can be used in socks and bath suits due to its fineness.
(iii)It can be used to produce medical product such as bandage etc
CONCLUSION: -
Bamboo fibre is very much essential fibre. It has very much popularity in
textile market. It is biodegradable in nature, the antibacterial properties
and UV protection properties are the cause for its high requirements.
Moreover, it is a green Textile Material.